Desain Pembelajaran Virtual Mata Kuliah Apresiasi Prosa dengan Model Team Based Project

Abstract

Pandemi Covid-19 berdampak besar pada berbagai aspek, perkuliahan yang mulanya bersifat luring bergeser menjadi pembelajaran jarak jauh berbasis virtual-daring. Hal tersebut juga berdampak pada mata kuliah Apresiasi Prosa yang dilaksanakan secara daring. Berdasarkan hasil monitoring dan evaluasi pembelajaran daring tingkat ketercapaian penguasaan materi oleh mahasiswa hanya 50-75%. Di sisi lain, team based project merupakan model pembelajaran yang  memfasilitasi mahasiswa untuk berpartisipasi aktif dan kreatif, serta menghasilkan produk pada setiap mata kuliah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis kebutuhan, (2) menemukan prinsip pengembangan, dan (3) mengonstruksi desain perkuliahan virtual berbasis team based project pada mata kuliah Apresiasi Prosa. Penelitian ini menggunakan  pendekatan research and development  dengan langkah-langkah sebagai berikut: (1) penelitian dan pengumpulan data, (2) perencanaan penelitian, (3) pengembangan draf produk, (4) validasi desain,  dan (5) revisi desain. Model team based project dalam perkuliahan apresiasi prosa daring dikembangkan berdasarkan delapan prinsip, yakni: (1) prinsip motivasi, (2) menyenangkan, (3) pemodelan, (4) pembimbingan, (5) panduan, (6) pengalaman langsung, (7) pembiasaan, dan (8) keteladanan. Prinsip-prinsip pengembangan tersebut ditarik dari deskripsi kebutuhan pengembangan model. Desain model tersebut dikembangkan menjadi beberapa komponen yaitu: (1) bagian pengantar, (2) tujuan dan asumsi, (3) sintagmatik, (4) sistem sosial, (5) sistem reaksi, (6) sistem pendukung, dan (7) dampak instruksional dan pengiring. Desain model pembelajaran diimplementasikan dengan membuat perangkat model team based project dalam perkuliahan Apresiasi Prosa daring/virtual.

Kata kunci: pembelajaran virtual, apresiasi prosa, model team based project

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on various aspects, lectures that were originally offline have shifted to virtual-online-based distance learning. This also has an impact on the online Prose Appreciation course. Based on the results of monitoring and evaluation of online learning, the level of achievement of mastery of the material by students is only 50-75%. On the other hand, the team based project is a learning model that facilitates students to participate actively and creatively, as well as produce products in each course. This study aims to: (1) analyze needs, (2) find development principles, and (3) construct a team-based project-based virtual lecture design in the Prose Appreciation course. This study uses a research and development approach with the following steps: (1) research and data collection, (2) research planning, (3) product draft development, (4) design validation, and (5) design revision. The team-based project model in online prose appreciation lectures was developed based on eight principles, namely: (1) motivational principles, (2) fun, (3) modeling, (4) mentoring, (5) guidance, (6) hands-on experience, (7 ) habituation, and (8) exemplary. The development principles are drawn from the description of the needs of the model development. The design of the model was developed into several components, namely: (1) introductory part, (2) goals and assumptions, (3) syntagmatic, (4) social system, (5) reaction system, (6) support system, and (7) impact instructional and accompaniment. The learning model design is implemented by creating a team based project model device in online/virtual Prose Appreciation lectures.

Keywords: virtual learning, prose appreciation, team based project model