Assessing the Effectiveness of Settling Indonesian Sea Border Disputes through Litigation and Non-Litigation Paths
Article Sidebar
Published
May 8, 2020
Main Article Content
Abstract
The Border disputes between sea, island and the state are matters of international courts through the role of international law. Sea boundary problems often occur such as disputes between Indonesia and Vietnam in the Natuna Sea region, disputes over the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), disputes between Indonesia and Malaysia in the Malacca Strait, South China Sea Disputes, etc. Unilateral claims cause relations between countries experiencing conflict. This happens because negotiations between countries have not been completed, violations by disputed countries, unclear sea boundaries, etc. The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) 1982 is an international maritime law that only applies to ratify countries that can apply it. Settlement can be donethrough two channels, that are litigation and non-litigation, ITOLS is the last attempt at completion of the litigation path.
Article Details
How to Cite
Izzati, N. A., Permata, C. Q. N., & Santalia, M. (2020). Assessing the Effectiveness of Settling Indonesian Sea Border Disputes through Litigation and Non-Litigation Paths. Lex Scientia Law Review, 4(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v4i1.38261
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All writings published in this journal are personal views of the authors and do not represent the view of this journal and the author's affiliated institutions. Authors retain the copyrights under this license, see our copyrights notice.
References
Books
Anwar, Chairul. (1995). Exclusive Economic Zone in International Law. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Budiardjo, M. (2008). Fundamentals of Political Science. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Djalal, Hasyim. (1979). Indonesia's Struggle in the Field of Sea Law. Jakarta: Bina Cipta.
JG, Merrils. (1995). International Dispute Settlement. Cambridge: Cambridge UP
Kusumaatmadja, M. (1986). International Law of the Sea. Jakarta: Bina Cipta.
Phartiana, IW (2014). International Sea Law and Indonesian Sea Law. Bandung: Yrama Widya Publisher.
Prijanto H. (2007). International Law of the Sea. Malang: Bayumedia Publishing.
Soerjono and Abdurahman, H. (2003). Legal Research Methods. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Soekanto Soerjono and Mamudji Sri. (1990). Normative Legal Research. Jakarta: Rajawali Press.
Tirtamulia T. (2011). Zona-Zona UNCLOS 1982. Surabaya: Brilliant International.
Journals
Behrens, Peter. Alternative Methods of Dispute Settlement in International Economic Relations, in: Ernst-Ulrich
Petersmann and Gunther Jaenicke, Adjudication of International Trade Dispute in International and National
Economic Law, in: Haula Adolf "International Dispute Resolution"
E. Doukakis. (2014). Associate Professor, National Technical University Athens Visiting Professor, Cyprus University of Technology, East Meded Symposium, Limasal, Cyprus, p.3.
http://www.oceanography.ucy.ac.cy/eastmed/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/D3S1-Doukakis.pdf
Hassanudin Z. Abidin, et al. (2005). Geodetic Datum Indonesia-Singapore Maritime Boundary: Status and Problems, PROC. ITB Science & Tech Bandung. 37 A (1). p.23.
Ismi Yulia Masfiani L., Tri Setyawanta R, Nanik Trihastuti. (2016). Settlement of Maritime Border Disputes Between Costa Rica and Nicaragua in the Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean In the 1982 UNCLOS Perspective, Diponegoro Law Journal. 5 (3). P.5. Retrieved from http://www.ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/dlr/
Kalalo, JJJ (2016). Settlement of Disputes Over Cases of State Immunity through ICJ (International Court of Justice), Jurisprudence.3 (2). p.105.
Maulidya Yuseini, et.al (2018). Settlement of Sea Disputes Between Indonesia and Malaysia in the Malacca Strait Area According to International Sea Law, Journal of the Law Lantern: Negrei University, Jember. 5 (3). p.459.Doi: 10.19184 / ejlh.v5i3.7731
Md. Monjur Hasan, He Jian, Md. Wahidul Alam & KM Azam Chowdhury. (2019). Protracted Maritime Boundary Disputes and Maritime Laws, Journal of International Maritime Safety, Environmental Affairs, and Shipping. 2(2).p.89.
Merilin LI Thomas. (2013). Juridical Review of Dispute Resolution Concerning the Determination of the State Sea Territory (Case Study of the Ambalat Dispute Between Indonesia and Malaysia, Journal: Lex et Societatis. 1(2). p.160.
Natalia, K. (2013). Resolution of Boundary Issues Between Indonesia and Malaysia in the Malacca Strait Waters Viewed from UNCLOS 1982, UNESA Student Scientific Journal. 2 (2).
PCA (2014). The Bay of Bay of Bengal Maritime Boundary Arbitration between the People's Republic of Bangladesh and the Republic of India.
Phan, HD and Nguyen, LN (2017). The South China Sea Arbitration: Bindingness, Finality, and Compliance with UNCLOS Dispute Settlement Decisions, Asian Journal International Law. p.2.
Prescott, V.(2004). Maritime Political Boundaries of the World, Martinus Nijhoff Publisher.p.245.
Vinata, RT. (2017). Harmonization of Equidistance Line Principle and Media Line Principle in Setting Sea Boundaries, Journal of Legal Perspective. 17(2). p.218.
Yusnita, Ummi. (2018). Settlement of Sea Border Disputes Between Indonesia and Malaysia in the Perspective of International Law, Journal of Legal Development. 7 (1). P.101.
Online/World Wide Web
Aceris Law. (2015). Law of the Sea Dispute Settlement Mechanism, International Arbitration Attorney Network. Retrieved from https://www.international-arbitration-attorney.com/lawof-the-sea-dispute-settlement-mechanism/, Accessed on April 30 2020).
Callistasia, Wijaya. (2019). The Indonesia-Vietnam conflict is threatened to repeat itself as long as there is no Exclusive Economic Zone agreement.Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-48103607, Accessed on March 28 2020.
International Court of Justice. (2002). Sovereignty over Ligitan Island and Sipadan Island (Indonesia / Malaysia), The Hague. Retrieved from : http://www.icj-cij.org/ docket / files / 102 / 7714.pdf.
International Court of Justice. Retrieved from: https://www.icj-cij.org/en/court , Accessed on March 28 2020.
International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. Retrieved from: https://www.itlos.org/en/the-tribunal, Accessed on March 28, 2020.
International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. Retrieved from: https://www.itlos.org/jurisdiction/competence/ Accessed on March 28, 2020.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Indonesia. Retrieved from https://kemlu.go.id/portal/id/read/389/berita/indonesia-dan-filipina-have-resolve-ratification-program-batas-zee , Accessed on April 30 2020.
Patmasari, Artanto, and Rimayanti. The Latest Development of Indonesia's Maritime Border with Neighboring Countries: Center for Boundary Mapping. Jakarta: Geospatial Information Agency.
Poskotanews. (2019). Bakamla RI Discusses Indonesia-Vietnam ZEE Limit. Retrieved from https://poskotanews.com/2019/09/25/bakamla-ri-bahas-batas-zee-indonesia-vietnam, Accessed on March 28 2020.
Laws and Regulations
United Nations Convention (UNCLOS) 1982
The Act Number 5 of 1983 concerning Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone. RI State Gazette of 1983 Number 44
Anwar, Chairul. (1995). Exclusive Economic Zone in International Law. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Budiardjo, M. (2008). Fundamentals of Political Science. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Djalal, Hasyim. (1979). Indonesia's Struggle in the Field of Sea Law. Jakarta: Bina Cipta.
JG, Merrils. (1995). International Dispute Settlement. Cambridge: Cambridge UP
Kusumaatmadja, M. (1986). International Law of the Sea. Jakarta: Bina Cipta.
Phartiana, IW (2014). International Sea Law and Indonesian Sea Law. Bandung: Yrama Widya Publisher.
Prijanto H. (2007). International Law of the Sea. Malang: Bayumedia Publishing.
Soerjono and Abdurahman, H. (2003). Legal Research Methods. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Soekanto Soerjono and Mamudji Sri. (1990). Normative Legal Research. Jakarta: Rajawali Press.
Tirtamulia T. (2011). Zona-Zona UNCLOS 1982. Surabaya: Brilliant International.
Journals
Behrens, Peter. Alternative Methods of Dispute Settlement in International Economic Relations, in: Ernst-Ulrich
Petersmann and Gunther Jaenicke, Adjudication of International Trade Dispute in International and National
Economic Law, in: Haula Adolf "International Dispute Resolution"
E. Doukakis. (2014). Associate Professor, National Technical University Athens Visiting Professor, Cyprus University of Technology, East Meded Symposium, Limasal, Cyprus, p.3.
http://www.oceanography.ucy.ac.cy/eastmed/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/D3S1-Doukakis.pdf
Hassanudin Z. Abidin, et al. (2005). Geodetic Datum Indonesia-Singapore Maritime Boundary: Status and Problems, PROC. ITB Science & Tech Bandung. 37 A (1). p.23.
Ismi Yulia Masfiani L., Tri Setyawanta R, Nanik Trihastuti. (2016). Settlement of Maritime Border Disputes Between Costa Rica and Nicaragua in the Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean In the 1982 UNCLOS Perspective, Diponegoro Law Journal. 5 (3). P.5. Retrieved from http://www.ejournal-s1.undip.ac.id/index.php/dlr/
Kalalo, JJJ (2016). Settlement of Disputes Over Cases of State Immunity through ICJ (International Court of Justice), Jurisprudence.3 (2). p.105.
Maulidya Yuseini, et.al (2018). Settlement of Sea Disputes Between Indonesia and Malaysia in the Malacca Strait Area According to International Sea Law, Journal of the Law Lantern: Negrei University, Jember. 5 (3). p.459.Doi: 10.19184 / ejlh.v5i3.7731
Md. Monjur Hasan, He Jian, Md. Wahidul Alam & KM Azam Chowdhury. (2019). Protracted Maritime Boundary Disputes and Maritime Laws, Journal of International Maritime Safety, Environmental Affairs, and Shipping. 2(2).p.89.
Merilin LI Thomas. (2013). Juridical Review of Dispute Resolution Concerning the Determination of the State Sea Territory (Case Study of the Ambalat Dispute Between Indonesia and Malaysia, Journal: Lex et Societatis. 1(2). p.160.
Natalia, K. (2013). Resolution of Boundary Issues Between Indonesia and Malaysia in the Malacca Strait Waters Viewed from UNCLOS 1982, UNESA Student Scientific Journal. 2 (2).
PCA (2014). The Bay of Bay of Bengal Maritime Boundary Arbitration between the People's Republic of Bangladesh and the Republic of India.
Phan, HD and Nguyen, LN (2017). The South China Sea Arbitration: Bindingness, Finality, and Compliance with UNCLOS Dispute Settlement Decisions, Asian Journal International Law. p.2.
Prescott, V.(2004). Maritime Political Boundaries of the World, Martinus Nijhoff Publisher.p.245.
Vinata, RT. (2017). Harmonization of Equidistance Line Principle and Media Line Principle in Setting Sea Boundaries, Journal of Legal Perspective. 17(2). p.218.
Yusnita, Ummi. (2018). Settlement of Sea Border Disputes Between Indonesia and Malaysia in the Perspective of International Law, Journal of Legal Development. 7 (1). P.101.
Online/World Wide Web
Aceris Law. (2015). Law of the Sea Dispute Settlement Mechanism, International Arbitration Attorney Network. Retrieved from https://www.international-arbitration-attorney.com/lawof-the-sea-dispute-settlement-mechanism/, Accessed on April 30 2020).
Callistasia, Wijaya. (2019). The Indonesia-Vietnam conflict is threatened to repeat itself as long as there is no Exclusive Economic Zone agreement.Retrieved from https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-48103607, Accessed on March 28 2020.
International Court of Justice. (2002). Sovereignty over Ligitan Island and Sipadan Island (Indonesia / Malaysia), The Hague. Retrieved from : http://www.icj-cij.org/ docket / files / 102 / 7714.pdf.
International Court of Justice. Retrieved from: https://www.icj-cij.org/en/court , Accessed on March 28 2020.
International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. Retrieved from: https://www.itlos.org/en/the-tribunal, Accessed on March 28, 2020.
International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. Retrieved from: https://www.itlos.org/jurisdiction/competence/ Accessed on March 28, 2020.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Indonesia. Retrieved from https://kemlu.go.id/portal/id/read/389/berita/indonesia-dan-filipina-have-resolve-ratification-program-batas-zee , Accessed on April 30 2020.
Patmasari, Artanto, and Rimayanti. The Latest Development of Indonesia's Maritime Border with Neighboring Countries: Center for Boundary Mapping. Jakarta: Geospatial Information Agency.
Poskotanews. (2019). Bakamla RI Discusses Indonesia-Vietnam ZEE Limit. Retrieved from https://poskotanews.com/2019/09/25/bakamla-ri-bahas-batas-zee-indonesia-vietnam, Accessed on March 28 2020.
Laws and Regulations
United Nations Convention (UNCLOS) 1982
The Act Number 5 of 1983 concerning Indonesia's Exclusive Economic Zone. RI State Gazette of 1983 Number 44