Penal Mediation as the Concept of Restorative Justice in the Draft Criminal Procedure Code
Article Sidebar
Published
May 30, 2021
Main Article Content
Abstract
The law recognizes both litigation and non-litigation settlement mechanisms, but it is almost not explicitly regulated for non-litigation settlement in criminal cases. Non-litigation in criminal recognizes the concept of restorative justice for the public interest, which is different from the private realm in civil. The concept of restorative justice exists to rehabilitate the state of criminals so that they are accepted back into the community. The concept of restorative justice is manifested in the mediation mechanism in criminal law in the form of penal mediation, but penal mediation does not yet have a legal umbrella. The non-progressive normative application of the law results in the overcapacity of prisons/remand centres. Currently, the Draft Criminal Procedure Code (hereinafter as RKUHAP) is being drafted, which does not yet regulate the application of non-litigation solutions. Later, it can be applied by law enforcement agencies so that problems such as overcapacity prisons are resolved and the creation of peaceful order in the community. This study aims to provide a view of the concept of penal mediation in criminal procedural law to serve as an aspiration for the consideration of the parties involved in the preparation of the substance of the RKUHAP. This paper uses a normative approach with technical analysis using hermeneutic analysis and interpretation methods.
Article Details
How to Cite
Adi, E. (2021). Penal Mediation as the Concept of Restorative Justice in the Draft Criminal Procedure Code. Lex Scientia Law Review, 5(1), 139-164. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v5i1.46704
Section
Articles
All writings published in this journal are personal views of the authors and do not represent the view of this journal and the author's affiliated institutions. Authors retain the copyrights under this license, see our copyrights notice.
References
Arief, B. N. (2010). Mediasi Penal Penyelesaian Perkara di Luar Pengadilan. Semarang: Publisher Pustaka Magister.
Arpin & Haritsa. (2018). Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Melalui Mediasi Penal Oleh Masyarakat Desa Di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Jurnal Jurisprudentie, 5 (2).
ASH. (February, 2016). “Mediasi Perkara Pidana Anak, Begini Filosofinya”, Hukum Online, February 12, 2016, accessed from https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/baca/lt56bd60dd5c226/mediasi-perkara-pidana-anak--begini-filosofinya/.
Bachtiar, A. (November, 2018). "Mengapa Belanda Kekurangan Narapidana", Kumparan, November 9, 2018, accessed from https://kumparan.com/absal-bachtiar/mengapa-belanda-kekurang-narapidana-1541777778863219334.
Christanto, H. (2011). Penafsiran Hukum Progresif dalam Perkara Pidana. Jurnal Mimbar Hukum, 23 (3), 480.
Directory of Supreme Court Decisions, accessed from https://putusan3.mahkamahagung.go.id/dirdir/index/kategories/pidana-umum-.
Esther, J., Naibaho, B. M. E., & Christine, B. (2020). Mediasi Penal Dalam Penanganan Pelaku Tindak Pidana Sebagai Upaya Meminimalisir Kelebihan Hunian Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Jurnal Magister Hukum Program Pascasarjana Universitas HKBP Nommensen, 1 (1), 35.
Hamzah, A. (2010). Hukum Acara Pidana Indonesia. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Harnowo, T. (August, 2020). “Eksistensi Mediasi Penal dalam Penyelesaian Pelanggaran Pidana Kekayaan Intelektual”, Hukum Online, August 3, 2018, accessed from https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/baca/lt5b63f97258b43/eksisten-mediasi-penal-dalam-penyel settlement-pelanggaran-pidana -wealth-intellectuals-by - tri-harnowo /.
Hukum Online. (November, 2018). “Ini Kasus-kasus Pidana yang Bisa Dimediasi di Indonesia”, Hukum Online, November 6, 2018, accessed from https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/baca/lt5be1858164328/ini-kasus-kasus-pidana-yang-bisa- mediated-in-indonesia? page = 3.
Institute for Criminal Justice Reform. (November, 2018). “ICJR Ingatkan Kembali Urgensi Pembahasan RKUHP, RKUHAP dan Revisi UU Narkotika”, ICJR, November 28, 2019, accessed from https://icjr.or.id/icjr- remind-k Kembali-urgensi-pembahasan-rkuhp-rkuhap-dan-revisi -uu-narcotics /.
Iswara, I. M. A. M. (2013). Mediasi Penal Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Restoratif Justice dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Adat Bali. Tesis, Program Pascasarjana Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 55-56.
Kamaruddin. (2018). Mediasi Dalam Pandangan Hukum Progresif Suatu Alternatif Penyelesaian Konflik Keluarga. Jurnal Al-‘Ad, 11 (2), 14.
Kelsen, H. (2008). Dasar-Dasar Hukum Normatif. Jakarta: Nusamedia.
Lamintang. (2011). Dasar-Dasar Hukum Pidana Indonesia. Bandung: PT Citra Aditya Bakti.
Latifah, M. (2019). Overcrowded Pada Rumah Tahanan Dan Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Di Indonesia: Dampak Dan Solusinya, Info Singkat. Pusat Penelitian Badan Keahlian DPR RI, XI (10 / II / Puslit / May / 2019), 2.
Marilang. (2017). Menimbang Paradigma Keadilan Hukum Progresif Considering The Progressive Legal Justice Paradigm. Jurnal Konstitusi, 14 (2), 14.
Mukhidin. (2014). Hukum Progresif Sebagai Solusi Hukum Yang Mensejahterakan Rakyat. Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum, 1 (3), 4.
Ministry of Law and Human Rights. (2012). Naskah Akademik Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana, 4. http://ditjenpp.kemenkumham.go.id/.
Ministry of Law and Human Rights National Legal Development Agency. (2013). Pengkajian Hukum tentang Penerapan Restorative Justice dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana yang dilakukan oleh anak-anak. Jakarta.
Nuryadi, H. D. (2016). Teori Hukum Progresif Dan Penerapannya Di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 1 (2), 407.
Purnomo, B. S. H. (2018). Kedudukan Mediasi Penal Dalam Sistem Peradilan Di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Sosial, 4 (2), 192.
Rado, R. H., Arief, B. N., & Soponyono, E. (2016). Kebijakan Mediasi Penal Terhadap Penyelesaian Konflik Sara Di Kepulauan Kei Dalam Upaya Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Nasional. Jurnal Law Reform, 12 (2), 274-275.
Raharjo, A. (2008). Mediasi Sebagai Basis Dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana. Jurnal Mimbar Hukum, 20 (1) 104.
Rahardjo, S. (2010). Sosiologi Hukum. Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing.
Rahardjo, S. (2010). Penegakan Hukum Progresif. Jakarta: Kompas.
Reyner & Tawang, D. A. D. (2018). Alternatif Mediasi Penal Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Adigama, 1 (2), 22.
Riskiyono, J. (2015). Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pembentukan Perundang-Undangan Untuk Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan. Jurnal Aspirasi, 6 (2), 168.
Santoso, A. (April, 2020). "27 Napi Berulah Lagi Setelah Dibebaskan, Kabareskrim: Sanksi Lebih Berat", Detik, April 21, 2020, accessed from https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4984907/27-napi-berulah-lagi- after-dibebas -kabareskrim-sanctions-more-severe / 2.
Santoso, P. (2020). Diskresi Kepolisian Melalui Mediasi Penal (Studi Kasus di Polsek Galur, Kulonprogo). Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan, 1 (2), 102.
Situmorang, V. H. (2019). Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Sebagai Bagian Dari Penegakan Hukum (Correctional Institution as Part of Law Enforcement). Jurnal Pusat Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Kebijakan Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hukum dan HAM Kementerian Hukum dan HAM RI, 13 (1), 90.
Sofyan, A. & Asis, HA (2014). Hukum Acara Pidana: Suatu Pengantar. Jakarta: Golden.
Sudaryono, I. M. & Kuswardani. (2012). Model Penyelesaian Secara Alternatif Dalam Peradilan Pidana (Studi Khusus Terhadap Model Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana Oleh Lembaga Kepolisian). Jurnal Penelitian Humaniora, 13 (1), 62-73.
Syukur, F. A. (2001). Mediasi Perkara KDRT (Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga): Teori dan Praktek di Pengadilan Indonesia. Bandung: Mandar Maju Publisher.
Tempo. (August, 2012). "Kronologi Penyerangan Warga Syiah di Sampang”, Tempo, August 27, 2012, accessed from https://nasional.tempo.co/read/425697/kronologi-penyerang-warga-syiah-di-sampang/full&view=ok.
Tempo. (May, 2017). “Setara: Kasus Penistaan Agama Cocok Diselesaikan Tanpa Pengadilan”, Tempo, May 12, 2017, accessed from https://nasional.tempo.co/read/874526/setara-kasus-penistaan-agama-cocok-diselesai-tanpa-pengadilan/ full & view = ok.
The Republic of Indonesia. (1999). Law Number 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. State Gazette Number 138 of 1999, Supplement to the State Gazette Number 3872.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2014). Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. State Gazette Number 266 of 2014, Supplement to State Institutions Number 5599.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2002). Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police. State Gazette Number 2 of 2002, Supplement to the State Gazette Number 4168.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2004). Law Number 16 of 2004 concerning the Republic of Indonesia Attorney General's Office. State Gazette Number 67 of 2004, Supplement to State Institution Number 4401.
The Republic of Indonesia. (1981). Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code. State Gazette Number 76 of 1981, Supplement to the State Gazette Number 3209.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2016). Law Number 13 of 2016 concerning Patents. State Gazette Number 176 of 2016, Supplement to State Institution Number 5922.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2011). Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Legislative Regulations. State Gazette Number 82 of 2011, Supplement to the State Gazette Number 5234.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2016). Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Courts. State Gazette Number 175 of 2016.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2012). Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Criminal Justice System for Children. State Gazette 153 of 2012, Supplement to the State Gazette Number 5332.
Utrecht. (1994). Hukum Pidana I. Surabaya: Pustaka Tinta Mas.
Widjaja, G. (2002). Seri Hukum Bisnis: Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Yusuf, A. (2016). Implementation of Restorative Justice in Law Enforcement by the Police. Jakarta: Trisakti University.
Arpin & Haritsa. (2018). Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Melalui Mediasi Penal Oleh Masyarakat Desa Di Kabupaten Gorontalo. Jurnal Jurisprudentie, 5 (2).
ASH. (February, 2016). “Mediasi Perkara Pidana Anak, Begini Filosofinya”, Hukum Online, February 12, 2016, accessed from https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/baca/lt56bd60dd5c226/mediasi-perkara-pidana-anak--begini-filosofinya/.
Bachtiar, A. (November, 2018). "Mengapa Belanda Kekurangan Narapidana", Kumparan, November 9, 2018, accessed from https://kumparan.com/absal-bachtiar/mengapa-belanda-kekurang-narapidana-1541777778863219334.
Christanto, H. (2011). Penafsiran Hukum Progresif dalam Perkara Pidana. Jurnal Mimbar Hukum, 23 (3), 480.
Directory of Supreme Court Decisions, accessed from https://putusan3.mahkamahagung.go.id/dirdir/index/kategories/pidana-umum-.
Esther, J., Naibaho, B. M. E., & Christine, B. (2020). Mediasi Penal Dalam Penanganan Pelaku Tindak Pidana Sebagai Upaya Meminimalisir Kelebihan Hunian Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Jurnal Magister Hukum Program Pascasarjana Universitas HKBP Nommensen, 1 (1), 35.
Hamzah, A. (2010). Hukum Acara Pidana Indonesia. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Harnowo, T. (August, 2020). “Eksistensi Mediasi Penal dalam Penyelesaian Pelanggaran Pidana Kekayaan Intelektual”, Hukum Online, August 3, 2018, accessed from https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/baca/lt5b63f97258b43/eksisten-mediasi-penal-dalam-penyel settlement-pelanggaran-pidana -wealth-intellectuals-by - tri-harnowo /.
Hukum Online. (November, 2018). “Ini Kasus-kasus Pidana yang Bisa Dimediasi di Indonesia”, Hukum Online, November 6, 2018, accessed from https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/baca/lt5be1858164328/ini-kasus-kasus-pidana-yang-bisa- mediated-in-indonesia? page = 3.
Institute for Criminal Justice Reform. (November, 2018). “ICJR Ingatkan Kembali Urgensi Pembahasan RKUHP, RKUHAP dan Revisi UU Narkotika”, ICJR, November 28, 2019, accessed from https://icjr.or.id/icjr- remind-k Kembali-urgensi-pembahasan-rkuhp-rkuhap-dan-revisi -uu-narcotics /.
Iswara, I. M. A. M. (2013). Mediasi Penal Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Restoratif Justice dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana Adat Bali. Tesis, Program Pascasarjana Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 55-56.
Kamaruddin. (2018). Mediasi Dalam Pandangan Hukum Progresif Suatu Alternatif Penyelesaian Konflik Keluarga. Jurnal Al-‘Ad, 11 (2), 14.
Kelsen, H. (2008). Dasar-Dasar Hukum Normatif. Jakarta: Nusamedia.
Lamintang. (2011). Dasar-Dasar Hukum Pidana Indonesia. Bandung: PT Citra Aditya Bakti.
Latifah, M. (2019). Overcrowded Pada Rumah Tahanan Dan Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Di Indonesia: Dampak Dan Solusinya, Info Singkat. Pusat Penelitian Badan Keahlian DPR RI, XI (10 / II / Puslit / May / 2019), 2.
Marilang. (2017). Menimbang Paradigma Keadilan Hukum Progresif Considering The Progressive Legal Justice Paradigm. Jurnal Konstitusi, 14 (2), 14.
Mukhidin. (2014). Hukum Progresif Sebagai Solusi Hukum Yang Mensejahterakan Rakyat. Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum, 1 (3), 4.
Ministry of Law and Human Rights. (2012). Naskah Akademik Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana, 4. http://ditjenpp.kemenkumham.go.id/.
Ministry of Law and Human Rights National Legal Development Agency. (2013). Pengkajian Hukum tentang Penerapan Restorative Justice dalam Penyelesaian Tindak Pidana yang dilakukan oleh anak-anak. Jakarta.
Nuryadi, H. D. (2016). Teori Hukum Progresif Dan Penerapannya Di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 1 (2), 407.
Purnomo, B. S. H. (2018). Kedudukan Mediasi Penal Dalam Sistem Peradilan Di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Sosial, 4 (2), 192.
Rado, R. H., Arief, B. N., & Soponyono, E. (2016). Kebijakan Mediasi Penal Terhadap Penyelesaian Konflik Sara Di Kepulauan Kei Dalam Upaya Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Nasional. Jurnal Law Reform, 12 (2), 274-275.
Raharjo, A. (2008). Mediasi Sebagai Basis Dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana. Jurnal Mimbar Hukum, 20 (1) 104.
Rahardjo, S. (2010). Sosiologi Hukum. Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing.
Rahardjo, S. (2010). Penegakan Hukum Progresif. Jakarta: Kompas.
Reyner & Tawang, D. A. D. (2018). Alternatif Mediasi Penal Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Adigama, 1 (2), 22.
Riskiyono, J. (2015). Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pembentukan Perundang-Undangan Untuk Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan. Jurnal Aspirasi, 6 (2), 168.
Santoso, A. (April, 2020). "27 Napi Berulah Lagi Setelah Dibebaskan, Kabareskrim: Sanksi Lebih Berat", Detik, April 21, 2020, accessed from https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4984907/27-napi-berulah-lagi- after-dibebas -kabareskrim-sanctions-more-severe / 2.
Santoso, P. (2020). Diskresi Kepolisian Melalui Mediasi Penal (Studi Kasus di Polsek Galur, Kulonprogo). Jurnal Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan, 1 (2), 102.
Situmorang, V. H. (2019). Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Sebagai Bagian Dari Penegakan Hukum (Correctional Institution as Part of Law Enforcement). Jurnal Pusat Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Kebijakan Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hukum dan HAM Kementerian Hukum dan HAM RI, 13 (1), 90.
Sofyan, A. & Asis, HA (2014). Hukum Acara Pidana: Suatu Pengantar. Jakarta: Golden.
Sudaryono, I. M. & Kuswardani. (2012). Model Penyelesaian Secara Alternatif Dalam Peradilan Pidana (Studi Khusus Terhadap Model Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana Oleh Lembaga Kepolisian). Jurnal Penelitian Humaniora, 13 (1), 62-73.
Syukur, F. A. (2001). Mediasi Perkara KDRT (Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga): Teori dan Praktek di Pengadilan Indonesia. Bandung: Mandar Maju Publisher.
Tempo. (August, 2012). "Kronologi Penyerangan Warga Syiah di Sampang”, Tempo, August 27, 2012, accessed from https://nasional.tempo.co/read/425697/kronologi-penyerang-warga-syiah-di-sampang/full&view=ok.
Tempo. (May, 2017). “Setara: Kasus Penistaan Agama Cocok Diselesaikan Tanpa Pengadilan”, Tempo, May 12, 2017, accessed from https://nasional.tempo.co/read/874526/setara-kasus-penistaan-agama-cocok-diselesai-tanpa-pengadilan/ full & view = ok.
The Republic of Indonesia. (1999). Law Number 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. State Gazette Number 138 of 1999, Supplement to the State Gazette Number 3872.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2014). Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. State Gazette Number 266 of 2014, Supplement to State Institutions Number 5599.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2002). Law Number 2 of 2002 concerning the Indonesian National Police. State Gazette Number 2 of 2002, Supplement to the State Gazette Number 4168.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2004). Law Number 16 of 2004 concerning the Republic of Indonesia Attorney General's Office. State Gazette Number 67 of 2004, Supplement to State Institution Number 4401.
The Republic of Indonesia. (1981). Law Number 8 of 1981 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code. State Gazette Number 76 of 1981, Supplement to the State Gazette Number 3209.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2016). Law Number 13 of 2016 concerning Patents. State Gazette Number 176 of 2016, Supplement to State Institution Number 5922.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2011). Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Legislative Regulations. State Gazette Number 82 of 2011, Supplement to the State Gazette Number 5234.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2016). Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Courts. State Gazette Number 175 of 2016.
The Republic of Indonesia. (2012). Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Criminal Justice System for Children. State Gazette 153 of 2012, Supplement to the State Gazette Number 5332.
Utrecht. (1994). Hukum Pidana I. Surabaya: Pustaka Tinta Mas.
Widjaja, G. (2002). Seri Hukum Bisnis: Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada.
Yusuf, A. (2016). Implementation of Restorative Justice in Law Enforcement by the Police. Jakarta: Trisakti University.