Reconstruction of Chemical Castration Sanctions Implementation Based on the Medical Ethics Code (Comparison with Russia and South Korea)
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May 30, 2023
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Abstract
This study aims to reconstruct the ideal setting in the implementation of chemical castration sanctions in Indonesia based on the medical code of ethics. This research is a normative legal research, the approach used is a case approach, comparative approach and a conceptual approach, with a literature study research technique. The granting of the authority to execute chemical castration by a doctor is contrary to the principles contained in the medical code of ethics, including: First, it contradicts the principle of autonomy at the level of implementation of the principle of Autonomy which is applied in the form of the principle of "informed consent" where in carrying out his duties a doctor must first choose approval from the family and the patient for all actions that result in a decrease in the patient's physical endurance. Second, it is against the principle of non-maleficence, which prohibits actions that harm or worsen the patient's condition. Third, it is against the principle of beneficence. The rules regarding the implementation of chemical castration for perpetrators of sexual crimes against children can actually be followed by referring to the provisions for the implementation of chemical castration in Russia and South Korea, both countries whose medical profession will only serve as an advisory opinion for law enforcers who have been given special competency training.
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Saputra, R., Zaid, M., Suwadi, P., Barkhuizen, J., & Tiolince, T. (2023). Reconstruction of Chemical Castration Sanctions Implementation Based on the Medical Ethics Code (Comparison with Russia and South Korea). Lex Scientia Law Review, 7(1), 61-118. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v7i1.64143
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References
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Nour, Andrada. “Chemical Castration of the Sexual Offender versus Human Fundamental Rights and Freedoms.” Scholars International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice 03, No. 05 (2020): 144–48. https://doi.org/10.36348/sijlcj.2020.v03i05.002.
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Rian Saputra and Silaas Oghenemaro Emovwodo. “Indonesia as Legal Welfare State : The Policy of Indonesian National Economic Law.” Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System 2, No. 1 (2022): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v2i1.21.
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Saputra, Rian, Muhammad Khalif Ardi, Pujiyono Pujiyono, and Sunny Ummul Firdaus. “Reform Regulation of Novum in Criminal Judges in an Effort to Provide Legal Certainty.” Journal Of Indonesian Legal Studies 6, No. 2 (2021): 437–82. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v6i2.51371.
Saputra, Rian, M Zaid, and Silaas Oghenemaro. “The Court Online Content Moderation : A Constitutional Framework.” Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System 2, No. 3 (2022): 139–48. https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v2i3.54.
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Widyawati, Anis, Pujiyono Pujiyono, Nur Rochaeti, Genjie Ompoy, and Nurul Natasha Binti Muhammad Zaki. “Urgency of the Legal Structure Reformation for Law in Execution of Criminal Sanctions.” Lex Scientia Law Review 6, No. 2 (2022): 327–58. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v6i2.58131.
Yuningsih, Henny, I. Nyoman Nurjaya, Prija Djatmika, and Masruchin Ruba’I. “Philosophical Foundation of Chemical Castration for Offenders of Sexual Violence against Children.” Sriwijaya Law Review 4, No. 1 (2020): 62–78. https://doi.org/10.28946/slrev.Vol4.Iss2.221.pp62-78.
Alam, Kodrat. “Menakar Keterlibatan Dokter Dalam Pelaksanaan Tindakan Kebiri Kimia Bagi Pelaku Kekerasan Seksual Terhadap Anak.” Jurnal Hukum 36, No. 2 (2020): 93-116. https://doi.org/10.26532/jh.v36i2.7561.
Ali, As’ad Said. Negara Pancasila : Jalan Kemaslahatan Berbangsa. (Jakarta: LP3ES, 2009).
Anders, Gerhard, Fidelis E. Kanyongolo, and Brigitte Seim. “Corruption and the Impact of Law Enforcement: Insights from a Mixed-Methods Study in Malawi.” Journal of Modern African Studies 58, No. 3 (2020): 315–36. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X2000021X.
Anggoro, Firna Novi. “Pengujian Unsur Penyalahgunaan Terhadap Keputusan Dan/Atau Tindakan Pejabat Pemerintah Oleh PTUN.” Fiat Justisia Journal of Law 10, No. 4 (2016): 629–52.
Appludnopsanji, Appludnopsanji, and Ani Purwanti. “Double Track Criminal System of Indonesia: Criminal Sanction and Chemical Castration Treatment Policy on Pedhofilia?” Diponegoro Law Review 6, No. 1 (2021): 17–32. https://doi.org/10.14710/dilrev.6.1.2021.17-32.
Asorwoe, Elvis. “Can E-Government Mitigate Administrative Corruption ? An Empirical Study into the Potential Role of E-Government in Eradicating Administrative Corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa What Is Corruption ?” Global Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences 3, No. 4 (2014): 41–47.
Crouch, Melissa A. “Law and Religion in Indonesia: The Constitutional Court and the Blasphemy Law.” Asian Journal of Comparative Law 7, No. 1 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1515/1932-0205.1391.
Daming, Saharuddin. “Mengkaji Pidana Kebiri Kimia Dalam Perspektif Medis, Hukum Dan HAM.” Supremasi Hukum: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum 9, nNo. 1 (2020): 22–29. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14421/sh.v9i1.1803.
Forné, Carlos Silva. “Th Exessive Use of Force by Mexico City Law Enforcement Agencies: Corruption, Normal Abuse and Other Motives.” Mexican Law Review 9, No. 1 (2016): 3–21. www.juridicas.unam.mxhttp://biblio.juridicas.unam.mx.
Harijanto, Andry, Siti Hatikasari, and Juliet Musabula. “The Model of Legal Protection for Children Victims of Domestic Violence Based on Justice.” Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System 2, No. 2 (2022): 100–112. https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v2i2.33.
Hasanah, Nur Hafizal, and Eko Soponyono. “Kebijakan Hukum Pidana Sanksi Kebiri Kimia Dalam Perspektif HAM Dan Hukum Pidana Indonesia.” Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) 7, No. 3 (2018): 305. https://doi.org/10.24843/jmhu.2018.v07.i03.p03.
Helmi, Helmi, Fauzi Syam, Harry Setya Nugraha, and Retno Kusniati. “The Competency of Administrative Court in Adjudicating State Financial Losses Report Dispute in Indonesia.” Sriwijaya Law Review 4, No. 1 (2020): 41. https://doi.org/10.28946/slrev.vol4.iss2.298.pp41-51.
Isra, Saldi, Yuliandri, Feri Amsari, and Hilaire Tegnan. “Obstruction of Justice in the Effort to Eradicate Corruption in Indonesia.” International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice 51 (2017): 72–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2017.07.001.
Jorde, Thomas M., and Mark A. Lemley. “ Summary Judgment in Antitrust Cases: Understanding Monsanto and Matsushita .” The Antitrust Bulletin 36, No. 2 (1991): 271–323. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003603x9103600201.
Karjoko, Lego, I Gusti Ayu Ketut Rachmi Handayani, Abdul Kadir Jaelani, Jaco Barkhuizen, and Muhammad Jihadul Hayat. “The Urgency of Restorative Justice on Medical Dispute Resolution in Indonesia.” Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosia 16, No. 2 (2021): 362–92. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v16i2.5314.
Kartika, Ari Purwita, Muhammad Lutfi Rizal Farid, and Ihza Rashi Nandira Putri. “Reformulasi Eksekusi Kebiri Kimia Guna Menjamin Kepastian Hukum Bagi Tenaga Medis/Dokter Dan Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pelaku Pedophilia.” Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum 27, No. 2 (2020): 345–66. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol27.iss2.art7.
Kartono, Kartono, and Aji Mulyana. “The Implementation of Chemical Castration Penalties towards Paedophilia Crime Perpetrators.” Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 13, No. 4 (2019): 321-332. https://doi.org/10.25041/fiatjustisia.v13no4.1683.
Koo, Kyo Chul, Geum Sook Shim, Hyoun Hee Park, Koon Ho Rha, Young Deuk Choi, Byung Ha Chung, Sung Joon Hong, and Jae Woo Lee. “Treatment Outcomes of Chemical Castration on Korean Sex Offenders.” Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine 20, No. 6 (2013): 563–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2013.06.003.
Krismiyarsi, Krismiyarsi. “Study of Penal Policy on Chemical Castration Sanction on Child Sexual Crimes Cases in Indonesia.” IJCLS (Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law Studies) 3, No. 2 (2018): 121–32. https://doi.org/10.15294/ijcls.v3i2.17171.
Kuris, Gabriel. “Watchdogs or Guard Dogs: Do Anti-Corruption Agencies Need Strong Teeth?” Policy and Society 34, No. 2 (2015): 125–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polsoc.2015.04.003.
Lee, Joo Yong, and Kang Su Cho. “Chemical Castration for Sexual Offenders: Physicians’ Views.” Journal of Korean Medical Science 28, No. 2 (2013): 171–72. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2013.28.2.171.
Lehmusvaara, Saara, Timo Erkkilä, Alfonso Urbanucci, Kati Waltering, Janne Seppälä, Antti Larjo, Vilppu J. Tuominen, et al. “Chemical Castration and Anti-Androgens Induce Differential Gene Expression in Prostate Cancer.” Journal of Pathology 227, No. 3 (2012): 336–45. https://doi.org/10.1002/path.4027.
Mardiya, Nuzul Qur’aini. “Penerapan Hukuman Kebiri Kimia Bagi Pelaku Kekerasan Seksual Implementation of Chemical Castration.” Jurnal Konstitusi 14, No. 1 (2017): 213-233. https://doi.org/10.31078/jk14110
Newman, Graeme. The Punishment Response. Edited by Routledge. The Punishment Response. 2nd ed. London and New York:, 2017. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315134390.
Nour, Andrada. “Chemical Castration of the Sexual Offender versus Human Fundamental Rights and Freedoms.” Scholars International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice 03, No. 05 (2020): 144–48. https://doi.org/10.36348/sijlcj.2020.v03i05.002.
Palil, Mohd Rizal, Ida Suriya Ismail, Nor Hazila Mohd Zain, and Allif Anwar Abu Bakar. “Social Enterprise and Taxation Policy: A Systematic Literature Review.” Bestuur 9, No. 2 (2021): 135-143. https://doi.org/10.20961/bestuur.v9i2.55569.
Rahayu, Nila Sukmaning. “Raising Awareness of Gender-Based Violence on Heaven Earth.” European Journal of Sustainable Development 5, No. 3 (2015): 440–44. https://doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2016.v5n3p440.
Raihani, Nichola J., Alex Thornton, and Redouan Bshary. “Punishment and Cooperation in Nature.” Trends in Ecology and Evolution 27, No. 5 (2012): 288–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2011.12.004.
Rasdi, Rasdi, Pujiyono Pujiyono, Nur Rochaeti, and Rehulina Rehulina. “Reformulation of the Criminal Justice System for Children in Conflict Based on Pancasila Justice.” Lex Scientia Law Review 6, No. 2 (2022): 479–518. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v6i2.58320.
Ratkoceri, Vedije. “Chemical Castration as a Security Measure in the Criminal Legislation of the Republic of Macedonia.” International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research 3, No. 2 (2017): 356–356. https://doi.org/10.24289/ijsser.285181.
Rian Saputra and Silaas Oghenemaro Emovwodo. “Indonesia as Legal Welfare State : The Policy of Indonesian National Economic Law.” Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System 2, No. 1 (2022): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v2i1.21.
Rizal, Sofian Syaiful. “Penjatuhan Kebiri Kimia Bagi Pelaku Kejahatan Seksual Anak Dalam Perspektif HAM.” Legal Studies Journal 1, No. 1 (2021): 54–69.
Saputra, Rian, Muhammad Khalif Ardi, Pujiyono Pujiyono, and Sunny Ummul Firdaus. “Reform Regulation of Novum in Criminal Judges in an Effort to Provide Legal Certainty.” Journal Of Indonesian Legal Studies 6, No. 2 (2021): 437–82. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v6i2.51371.
Saputra, Rian, M Zaid, and Silaas Oghenemaro. “The Court Online Content Moderation : A Constitutional Framework.” Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System 2, No. 3 (2022): 139–48. https://doi.org/10.53955/jhcls.v2i3.54.
Wahyuni, Fitri. “Hukuman Kebiri Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pemerkosaan Anak Dan Kaitannya Dengan Hak Asasi Manusia.” Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan 6, No. 2 (2017). https://doi.org/10.25216/JHP.6.2.2017.279-296.
Widyawati, Anis, Pujiyono Pujiyono, Nur Rochaeti, Genjie Ompoy, and Nurul Natasha Binti Muhammad Zaki. “Urgency of the Legal Structure Reformation for Law in Execution of Criminal Sanctions.” Lex Scientia Law Review 6, No. 2 (2022): 327–58. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v6i2.58131.
Yuningsih, Henny, I. Nyoman Nurjaya, Prija Djatmika, and Masruchin Ruba’I. “Philosophical Foundation of Chemical Castration for Offenders of Sexual Violence against Children.” Sriwijaya Law Review 4, No. 1 (2020): 62–78. https://doi.org/10.28946/slrev.Vol4.Iss2.221.pp62-78.