Indonesia-Timor Leste Maritime Boundaries on Exclusive Economic Zone: Equitable Principle
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May 31, 2023
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Abstract
The boundaries of the sea area between one country's territory affect the sovereignty in the sea territory of another country. Indonesian Sea borders several countries, both in the EEZ and on the continental shelf. However, Indonesia has not yet finalized the determination of its maritime border with Timor Leste. The undetermined maritime boundary between Indonesia and Timor Leste affects the sovereignty of Timor Leste and affects Indonesia's space for movement. The purpose of this study is to find out the provisions and principles of determining maritime boundaries between the countries of Indonesia and Timor Leste. The method in this research is normative research with a statutory approach, a case approach, and a conceptual approach. The results of this study indicate that the Government of the Republic of Indonesia in determining territorial boundaries negotiates to determine how to draw maritime boundaries between the two countries by applying equitable principles. The process of negotiating maritime boundaries between Indonesia and Timor Leste with equitable principles can be a solution thus maritime boundaries between the two countries are immediately agreed upon
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Sunyowati, D., Ariadhi, P. P. P., Romadhona, M. K., & Alfadhel, A. B. B. (2023). Indonesia-Timor Leste Maritime Boundaries on Exclusive Economic Zone: Equitable Principle. Lex Scientia Law Review, 7(1), 347-372. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v7i1.66126
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Abrianto, B. O., Winarsi, S., Widyantoro, A., & Kurniawan, F. “Model On Legal Transformation of the Local-Owned Enterprise to Public and/or Private Local Entities towards Climate Investment Boost.” In PROCEEDINGS–ICLG, 192, 2018.
Afriansyah, Arie, Aristyo Rizka Darmawan, and Andreas Pramudianto. “Enforcing Law in Undelimited Maritime Areas: Indonesian Border Experience.” The International Journal of Marine and Coastal Law 1, no. aop (2022): 1–18.
Aziz, Mohammad Faiz. “Developing Joint Development Zone in Disputed Maritime Boundaries.” Indonesian J. Int’l L. 15 (2017): 432.
Barreto, J. D. S. S. “Upaya Australia Dan Timor-Leste Dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Batas Maritim (Kasus Greater Sunrise Tahun 2016-2018).” Universitas Komputer Indonesia, 2019.
Biersteker, Thomas J. “State, Sovereignty and Territory.” Handbook of International Relations, 2013, 245–72.
Bílková, Veronika. “A State Without Territory?” Netherlands Yearbook of International Law 2016: The Changing Nature of Territoriality in International Law, 2017, 19–47.
Brown, E D. “Table of UN and UNCLOS Resolutions.” In Sea-Bed Energy and Minerals: The International Legal Regime, xxxi–xxxiii. Brill Nijhoff, 2001.
Cooper, John. “Delimitation of the Maritime Boundary in the Gulf of Maine Area.” Ocean Development & International Law 16, no. 1 (1986): 59–90.
Cribb, Robert, and Michele Ford. “Indonesia as an Archipelago: Managing Islands, Managing the Seas.” ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute, 2009.
Devereux, Annemarie. Timor-Leste’s Bill of Rights: A Preliminary History. ANU Press, 2015.
Grant, Thomas D. “Defining Statehood: The Montevideo Convention and Its Discontents.” Colum. J. Transnat’l L. 37 (1998): 403.
I Made Andi Arsana. Batas Maritim Antarnegera: Sebuah Tinjauan Teknis Dan Yuridis. Yogyakarta: Gajah mada University Press, 2007.
Islam, Md Asraful, Amira Paripurna, and Md Zahidul Islam. “Dispute Settlement under the UNCLOS with Special Reference to Compulsory Procedures: An Appraisal.” Journal of Asian and African Social Science and Humanities 7, no. 2 (2021): 50–59.
Kirillova, E. A., Bogdan, V. V., Blinkov, O. E., Kozhina, Y. A., & Yunusova, K. V. “Strategic Judicial Protection of Public Interests: Legal Aspects.” Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 8, no. 5 (2017): 1527.
Laidlaw, Anais Kedgley, and Hao Duy Phan. “Inter-State Compulsory Conciliation Procedures and the Maritime Boundary Dispute Between Timor-Leste and Australia.” Journal of International Dispute Settlement 10 (2019): 126–59.
Leach, Michael. Nation-Building and National Identity in Timor-Leste. Routledge, 2016.
Liao, Xuexia. “The Timor Sea Conciliation under Article 298 and Annex V of UNCLOS: A Critique.” Chinese Journal of International Law 18, no. 2 (2019): 281–325.
Lulo, Mau, and Lourenco de Deus. “Concept of the Law of Timor-Leste.” Academic Research International 8, no. 1 (2017).
Mareto, Irvan. “PERSPECTIVE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW ON MARITIME TERRITORIAL DISPUTE: CASE BETWEEN INDONESIA AND TIMOR LESTE.” Jurnal Hukum Dan Peradilan 9, no. 2 (n.d.): 170–85.
Mutti Anggita. “The Agreement on the Land Boundary Between RI and Timor Leste: A Study of Indonesian Border Diplomacy.” Jurnal Penelitian Politik 11, no. 1 (2014): 21.
Nigel Bankes. “Settling the Maritime Boundaries between Timor-Leste and Australia in the Timor Sea.” The Journal of World Energy Law & Business 11, no. 5 (2018): 387–409.
Nordquist, Myron. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982, Volume VII: A Commentary. Brill, 2011.
Painter, Joe. “Rethinking Territory.” Antipode 42, no. 5 (2010): 1090–1118.
Patel, Bimal N. “Case Concerning Delimitation of the Maritime Boundary in the Gulf of Maine Area:(Canada/USA).” In The World Court Reference Guide, 453–64. Brill Nijhoff, 2000.
Peter Mahmud Marzuki. Penelitian Hukum. Yuridika, 2001.
Phan, Hao Duy. “Maritime Boundaries.” In The Timor-Leste/Australia Conciliation: A Victory for UNCLOS and Peaceful Settlement of Disputes, 95–111. World Scientific, 2019.
Rankin, William. After the Map: Cartography, Navigation, and the Transformation of Territory in the Twentieth Century. University of Chicago Press, 2016.
Rehatta, B M, M M Kamal, M Boer, A Fahrudin, and J S R Ninef. “Growth, Mortality, Recruitment Pattern, and Exploitation Rate of Shared Stock Flying Fish (Exocoetidae) at Border Area of Indonesia and Timor Leste in Ombai Strait.” In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 744:12062. IOP Publishing, 2021.
Remigius Seran. “Strategi Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Dalam Penanganan Masalah Pelintas Batas Indonesia-Timor Leste.” Jurnal Hubungan Internasional 11, no. 2 (2018).
Rhee, S. M. “Equitable Solutions to the Maritime Boundary Dispute between the United States and Canada in the Gulf of Maine.” Am. J. Int’l L 75 (1981): 590.
Rothwell, Donald R. “International Law: 2018 Timor Sea Treaty: A New Dawn in Relations between Australia and Timor-Leste?” LSJ: Law Society of NSW Journal, no. 44 (2018): 70–72.
Smith, Anthony L. “Timor Leste: Strong Government, Weak State.” Southeast Asian Affairs 2004, no. 1 (2004): 277–94.
Tate, Garrett W, Nadine McQuarrie, Douwe J J van Hinsbergen, Richard R Bakker, Ron Harris, and Haishui Jiang. “Australia Going down under: Quantifying Continental Subduction during Arc-Continent Accretion in Timor-Leste.” Geosphere 11, no. 6 (2015): 1860–83.
Whelan, Frederick G. “Prologue: Democratic Theory and the Boundary Problem.” Nomos 25 (1983): 13–47.
Wiratraman, H. P. “The Challenges of Teaching Comparative Law and Socio-Legal Studies at Indonesia’s Law Schools.” Asian Journal of Comparative Law 14, no. S1 (2019): S229–44.