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Ashton, M. C., Lee, K., & Paunonen, S. V. (2002). What is the central feature of extraversion? Social attention versus reward sensitivity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 245–251.
Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Barrick, M. R., Mount, M. K., & Strauss, J. P. (1993). Conscientiousness and performance of sales representatives: Test of the mediating effects of goal setting. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 715–722.
Barrick, M. R., Mount, M. K., & Judge, T. A. (2001). Personality and performance at the beginning of the new millennium: What do we know and where do we go next? International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9, 9−30.
Bentea, C. C., & Anghelache, V. (2012). Comparative aspects concerning the effects of extraversion on performance in a cognitive task in competitive and cooperative environments. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 33, 558–562.
Bresman, H., & Zellmer-Bruhn, M. (2013). The structural context of team learning: Effects of organizational and team structure on internal and external learning. Organization Science, 24, 1120–1139.
Bstieler, L., & Hemmert, M. (2010). Increasing learning and time efficiency in interorganizational new product development teams. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 27, 485–499.
Burris, E. R., Rodgers, M. S., Mannix, E. A., Hendron, M. G., & Oldroyd, J. B. (2009). Playing favorites: The influence of leaders’ inner circle on group processes and performance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35, 1244–1257.
Carmeli, A. (2007). Social capital, psychological safety and learning behaviours from failure in organisations. Long Range Planning, 40, 30–44.
Chen, C., Liao, J., & Wen, P. (2014). Why does formal mentoring matter? The mediating role of psychological safety and the moderating role of power distance orientation in the Chinese context. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25, 1112–1130.
Chen, G., & Tjosvold, D. (2010). Shared rewards and goal interdependence for psychological safety among departments in China. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29, 433–452.
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Four ways five factors are basic. Personality and individual differences, 13(6), 653-665.
De Clercq, D., & Rius, I. B. (2007). Organizational commitment in Mexican small and medium-sized firms: The role of work status, organizational climate, and entrepreneurial orientation. Journal of Small Business Management, 45, 467–490.
Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44, 350–383.
Ekehammar, B. (1974). Interactionism in personality from a historical perspective. Psychological Bulletin, 81, 1026–1048.
Funder, D. C. (2001). Personality. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 197–221.
Gallagher, D. J. (1990). Extraversion, neuroticism and appraisal of stressful academic events. Personality and Individual Differences, 11: 1053–1057.
Goldberg, L. R. (1993). The structure of phenotypic personality traits. The American Psychologist, 48, 26–34.
Graziano, W. G., Feldesman, A. B., & Rahe, D. F. (1985). Extraversion, social cognition, and the salience of aversiveness in social encounters. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 971–980.
Gu, Q., Wang, G. G., & Wang, L. (2013). Social capital and innovation in R&D teams: The mediating roles of psychological safety and learning from mistakes. R&D Management, 43, 89–102.
Guion, R. M., & Gottier, R. F. (1965). Validity of personality measures in personnel selection. Personnel Psychology, 18, 135−164.
Hmel, B. A., & Pincus, A. L. (2002). The meaning of autonomy: On and beyond the interpersonal circumplex. Journal of Personality, 70: 277–310.
Hogan, R. (2005). In defense of personality measurement: New wine for old whiners. Human Performance, 18, 331−341.
Huang, C. C., & Jiang, P. C. (2012). Exploring the psychological safety of R&D teams: An empirical analysis in Taiwan. Journal of Management & Organization, 18, 175–192.
Humphrey, S. E., Hollenbeck, J. R., Meyer, C. J., & Ilgen, D. R. (2011). Trait configurations in self-managed teams: A conceptual examination of the use of seeding for maximizing and minimizing trait variance in teams. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 885–892.
Jackson, J. J., Wood, D., Bogg, T., Walton, K. E., Harms, P. D., & Roberts, B. W. (2010). What do conscientious people do? Development and validation of the Behavioral Indicators of Conscientiousness (BIC). Journal of Research in Personality, 44: 501–511.
Johnson, J. A., & Ostendorf, F. (1993). Clarification of the five-factor model with the abridged big five-dimensional circumplex. Journal of personality and social psychology, 65(3), 563.
Judge, T. A., & Zapata C.P., (2015). The person–situation debate revisited: Effect of situation strength and trait activation on the validity of the big five personality traits in predicting job performance, Academy of Management Journal, 58, (4), 1149–1179.
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 692–724.
King, L. A., Walker, L. M., & Broyles, S. J. (1996). Creativity and the five-factor model. Journal of Research in Personality, 30, 189–203.
Kirkcaldy, B., & Furnham, A. (1991). Extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism and recreational choice. Personality and Individual Differences, 12, 737–745.
Koestner, R., & Losier, G. F. (1996). Distinguishing reactive versus reflective autonomy. Journal of Personality, 64, 465–494.
Kostopoulos, K. S., & Bozionelos, N. (2011). Teamexploratory and exploitative learning: Psychological safety, task conflict, and teamperformance. Group & Organization Management, 36, 385–415.
Li, A. N., & Tan, H. H. (2012). What happens when you trust your supervisor? Mediators of individual performance in trust relationships. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34, 407–425.
Li, N., & Yan, J. (2009). The effects of trust climate on individual performance. Frontiers of Business Research in China, 3, 27–49.
Liu, S., Hu, J., Li, Y., Wang, Z., & Lin, X. (2014). Examining the cross-level relationship between shared leadership and learning in teams: Evidence from China. The Leadership Quarterly, 25, 282–295.
McCrae, R. R. (1987). Creativity, divergent thinking, and openness to experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1258–1265
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of personality and social psychology, 52(1), 81.
Newman, A., Donohueb, R., & Eva, N., (2017). Psychological safety: A systematic review of the literature, Human Resource Management Review, 27, 521–535
Ortega, A., Sanchez-Manzanares, M., Gil, F., & Rico, R. (2010). Team learning and effectiveness in virtual project teams: The role of beliefs about interpersonal context. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 13, 267–276.
Ortega, A., Van den Bossche, P., Sanchez-Manzanares, M., Rico, R., & Gil, F. (2014). The influence of change-oriented leadership and psychological safety on team learning in healthcare teams. Journal of Business and Psychology, 29, 311–321.
Palanski, M. E., & Vogelgesang, G. R. (2011). Virtuous creativity: The effects of leader behavioural integrity on follower creative thinking and risk taking. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 28, 259–269.
Penney, L. M., Emily David, L.A. Witt (2011). A review of personality and performance: Identifying boundaries, contingencies, and future research directions, Human Resource Management Review, 21, 297–310.
Post, C. (2012). Deep-level teamcomposition and innovation: Themediating roles of psychological safety and cooperative learning. Group & Organization Management, 37, 555–585.
Radović, S., Sladojević Matić, J., & OpaÄić, G. (2020). Personality traits composition and team performance. Journal Of Sustainable Business And Management Solutions In Emerging Economies, 35 (2), 18 – 42.
Raja, U., & Johns, G. (2010). The joint effects of personality and job scope on in-role performance, citizenship behavior and creativity. Human Relations, 20, 1–25.
Riggio, R. E. 1986. Assessment of basic social skills. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51: 649–660.
Roberto, M. A. (2002). Lessons from Everest: The interaction of cognitive bias, psychological safety and system complexity. California Management Review, 45, 136–158.
Schein, E. H., & Bennis, W. (1965). Personal and organizational change through group methods. New York: Wiley.
Tett, R. P., & Guterman, H. A. (2000). Situation trait relevance, trait expression, and cross situational consistency: Testing a principle of trait activation. Journal of Research in Personality, 34, 397–423.
Tett, R., & Burnett, D. (2003). A personality trait-based interactionist model of job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 500−517.
Walumbwa, F. O., & Schaubroeck, J. (2009). Leader personality traits and employee voice behavior: Mediating roles of ethical leadership and work group psychological safety. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94, 1275–1286.
Ashton, M. C., Lee, K., & Paunonen, S. V. (2002). What is the central feature of extraversion? Social attention versus reward sensitivity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 245–251.
Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Barrick, M. R., Mount, M. K., & Strauss, J. P. (1993). Conscientiousness and performance of sales representatives: Test of the mediating effects of goal setting. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 715–722.
Barrick, M. R., Mount, M. K., & Judge, T. A. (2001). Personality and performance at the beginning of the new millennium: What do we know and where do we go next? International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9, 9−30.
Bentea, C. C., & Anghelache, V. (2012). Comparative aspects concerning the effects of extraversion on performance in a cognitive task in competitive and cooperative environments. Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 33, 558–562.
Bresman, H., & Zellmer-Bruhn, M. (2013). The structural context of team learning: Effects of organizational and team structure on internal and external learning. Organization Science, 24, 1120–1139.
Bstieler, L., & Hemmert, M. (2010). Increasing learning and time efficiency in interorganizational new product development teams. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 27, 485–499.
Burris, E. R., Rodgers, M. S., Mannix, E. A., Hendron, M. G., & Oldroyd, J. B. (2009). Playing favorites: The influence of leaders’ inner circle on group processes and performance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35, 1244–1257.
Carmeli, A. (2007). Social capital, psychological safety and learning behaviours from failure in organisations. Long Range Planning, 40, 30–44.
Chen, C., Liao, J., & Wen, P. (2014). Why does formal mentoring matter? The mediating role of psychological safety and the moderating role of power distance orientation in the Chinese context. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25, 1112–1130.
Chen, G., & Tjosvold, D. (2010). Shared rewards and goal interdependence for psychological safety among departments in China. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29, 433–452.
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Four ways five factors are basic. Personality and individual differences, 13(6), 653-665.
De Clercq, D., & Rius, I. B. (2007). Organizational commitment in Mexican small and medium-sized firms: The role of work status, organizational climate, and entrepreneurial orientation. Journal of Small Business Management, 45, 467–490.
Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44, 350–383.
Ekehammar, B. (1974). Interactionism in personality from a historical perspective. Psychological Bulletin, 81, 1026–1048.
Funder, D. C. (2001). Personality. Annual Review of Psychology, 52, 197–221.
Gallagher, D. J. (1990). Extraversion, neuroticism and appraisal of stressful academic events. Personality and Individual Differences, 11: 1053–1057.
Goldberg, L. R. (1993). The structure of phenotypic personality traits. The American Psychologist, 48, 26–34.
Graziano, W. G., Feldesman, A. B., & Rahe, D. F. (1985). Extraversion, social cognition, and the salience of aversiveness in social encounters. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 971–980.
Gu, Q., Wang, G. G., & Wang, L. (2013). Social capital and innovation in R&D teams: The mediating roles of psychological safety and learning from mistakes. R&D Management, 43, 89–102.
Guion, R. M., & Gottier, R. F. (1965). Validity of personality measures in personnel selection. Personnel Psychology, 18, 135−164.
Hmel, B. A., & Pincus, A. L. (2002). The meaning of autonomy: On and beyond the interpersonal circumplex. Journal of Personality, 70: 277–310.
Hogan, R. (2005). In defense of personality measurement: New wine for old whiners. Human Performance, 18, 331−341.
Huang, C. C., & Jiang, P. C. (2012). Exploring the psychological safety of R&D teams: An empirical analysis in Taiwan. Journal of Management & Organization, 18, 175–192.
Humphrey, S. E., Hollenbeck, J. R., Meyer, C. J., & Ilgen, D. R. (2011). Trait configurations in self-managed teams: A conceptual examination of the use of seeding for maximizing and minimizing trait variance in teams. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 885–892.
Jackson, J. J., Wood, D., Bogg, T., Walton, K. E., Harms, P. D., & Roberts, B. W. (2010). What do conscientious people do? Development and validation of the Behavioral Indicators of Conscientiousness (BIC). Journal of Research in Personality, 44: 501–511.
Johnson, J. A., & Ostendorf, F. (1993). Clarification of the five-factor model with the abridged big five-dimensional circumplex. Journal of personality and social psychology, 65(3), 563.
Judge, T. A., & Zapata C.P., (2015). The person–situation debate revisited: Effect of situation strength and trait activation on the validity of the big five personality traits in predicting job performance, Academy of Management Journal, 58, (4), 1149–1179.
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 692–724.
King, L. A., Walker, L. M., & Broyles, S. J. (1996). Creativity and the five-factor model. Journal of Research in Personality, 30, 189–203.
Kirkcaldy, B., & Furnham, A. (1991). Extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism and recreational choice. Personality and Individual Differences, 12, 737–745.
Koestner, R., & Losier, G. F. (1996). Distinguishing reactive versus reflective autonomy. Journal of Personality, 64, 465–494.
Kostopoulos, K. S., & Bozionelos, N. (2011). Teamexploratory and exploitative learning: Psychological safety, task conflict, and teamperformance. Group & Organization Management, 36, 385–415.
Li, A. N., & Tan, H. H. (2012). What happens when you trust your supervisor? Mediators of individual performance in trust relationships. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34, 407–425.
Li, N., & Yan, J. (2009). The effects of trust climate on individual performance. Frontiers of Business Research in China, 3, 27–49.
Liu, S., Hu, J., Li, Y., Wang, Z., & Lin, X. (2014). Examining the cross-level relationship between shared leadership and learning in teams: Evidence from China. The Leadership Quarterly, 25, 282–295.
McCrae, R. R. (1987). Creativity, divergent thinking, and openness to experience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, 1258–1265
McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of personality and social psychology, 52(1), 81.
Newman, A., Donohueb, R., & Eva, N., (2017). Psychological safety: A systematic review of the literature, Human Resource Management Review, 27, 521–535
Ortega, A., Sanchez-Manzanares, M., Gil, F., & Rico, R. (2010). Team learning and effectiveness in virtual project teams: The role of beliefs about interpersonal context. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 13, 267–276.
Ortega, A., Van den Bossche, P., Sanchez-Manzanares, M., Rico, R., & Gil, F. (2014). The influence of change-oriented leadership and psychological safety on team learning in healthcare teams. Journal of Business and Psychology, 29, 311–321.
Palanski, M. E., & Vogelgesang, G. R. (2011). Virtuous creativity: The effects of leader behavioural integrity on follower creative thinking and risk taking. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 28, 259–269.
Penney, L. M., Emily David, L.A. Witt (2011). A review of personality and performance: Identifying boundaries, contingencies, and future research directions, Human Resource Management Review, 21, 297–310.
Post, C. (2012). Deep-level teamcomposition and innovation: Themediating roles of psychological safety and cooperative learning. Group & Organization Management, 37, 555–585.
Radović, S., Sladojević Matić, J., & OpaÄić, G. (2020). Personality traits composition and team performance. Journal Of Sustainable Business And Management Solutions In Emerging Economies, 35 (2), 18 – 42.
Raja, U., & Johns, G. (2010). The joint effects of personality and job scope on in-role performance, citizenship behavior and creativity. Human Relations, 20, 1–25.
Riggio, R. E. 1986. Assessment of basic social skills. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51: 649–660.
Roberto, M. A. (2002). Lessons from Everest: The interaction of cognitive bias, psychological safety and system complexity. California Management Review, 45, 136–158.
Schein, E. H., & Bennis, W. (1965). Personal and organizational change through group methods. New York: Wiley.
Tett, R. P., & Guterman, H. A. (2000). Situation trait relevance, trait expression, and cross situational consistency: Testing a principle of trait activation. Journal of Research in Personality, 34, 397–423.
Tett, R., & Burnett, D. (2003). A personality trait-based interactionist model of job performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 500−517.
Walumbwa, F. O., & Schaubroeck, J. (2009). Leader personality traits and employee voice behavior: Mediating roles of ethical leadership and work group psychological safety. Journal of Applied Psychology, 94, 1275–1286.
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Affiliations
Tarman Budianto
Pusdiklat Pegawai Kemendikbud (Personnel Education and Training Center, Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture)
How to Cite
1.
Budianto T. A Mediated Moderation Model: Personality, Team Psychological Safety and Team Performance. MAJ [Internet]. 22Apr.2021 [cited 2May2024];10(1):95-02. Available from: https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/maj/article/view/45586
A Mediated Moderation Model: Personality, Team Psychological Safety and Team Performance
Vol 10 No 1 (2021): Management Analysis Journal
Submitted: Mar 6, 2021
Published: Apr 22, 2021
Abstract
Team performance as the foundation of organization in dealing with the complexity of the work and increasing the its competitiveness. Literature have shown that team psychological safety is an important predictor of team performance. This study use Trait Activation Theory to develop and present a model that aims to find the interaction between personality, team psychological safety and team performance. Regarding personality framework, this study uses the perspective of The Five-Factor Model. The results suggest that: First, the indirect effects of Conscientiousness personality on team performance will be stronger in (a) work that requires freedom and (b) work with high attention/detail requirements. Second, the indirect effects of extraversion personality on Team performance will be stronger in (a) jobs that require high social skills, (b) jobs with a high level of competition requirements, and (c) work where someone must often deal with unpleasant responses. Third, the indirect effect of openness personality on team performance will be stronger in (a) work that requires freedom and (b) work with high requirements of creativity.