ANALISIS KONSEPSI DAN PERUBAHAN KONSEPTUAL SUHU DAN KALOR PADA SISWA SMA KELAS UNGGULAN
Abstract
Untuk mengetahui konsepsi dan perubahan konseptual siswa pada materi suhu dan kalor, dilakukan penelitian kualitatif pada siswa SMA N 4 Magelang tahun pelajaran 2013/2014. Penelitian dimulai dengan pengumpulan data dan observasi terhadap siswa. Tahap selanjutnya yaitu melakukan uji coba soal tes tulis pada kelas regular. Hasil dari uji coba soal kemudian dijadikan bahan untuk melakukan tes tulis pada kelas X dan XII IPA unggulan. Soal tes tulis merupakan soal essay berupa soal konseptual. Setelah itu, dilaksanakan tes wawancara dengan sampel siswa yang jawabannya memiliki banyak peluang/kemungkinan. Konsepsi siswa berbentuk konsepsi ilmiah, alternatif, dan paralel. Konsepsi paralel siswa merupakan perpaduan antara konsepsi ilmiah dan alternatif serta perpaduan dua konsepsi alternatif. Faktor yang melatarbelakangi munculnya konsepsi pada siswa meliputi pemahaman kurang mendalam, apresiasi konseptual, intuisi kehidupan sehari-hari, dan pengetahuan sebagai struktur teoritis. Bentuk perubahan konseptual siswa signifikan pada perubahan menuju konsepsi ilmiah sedangkan perubahan konsepsi alternatif dan paralel terjadi meski dengan jumlah yang sedikit.
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In purpose to know the students’ conception and also their conceptual changes in learning materials of temperature and heat, a qualitative research was conducted in SMAN 4 Magelang in academic year 2013/2014. The reseach was started by collecting data dealing with the research and observing the students. The next step was the trial of written test to regular class. The result of the trial was used as the test given to the superior class of ten and twelfth graders. The given written test is conceptual in the form of essay. After conducting the written test, interview test was conducted. The samples are the students who had many possibilities in answering the written test. Based on the research result, the students’ concepts are scientific concept, alternative concept, and parallel concept. The parallel concept is the combination between scientific concept and alternative concept and also the combination between two alternative concepts. Factors influencing and triggering the students’ conception are shallow understanding, conceptual appreciation, daily intuition, and knowledge as the theoretical structures. The conceptual changes significantly approach the scientific conception while the changes of alternative conception and parallel took place although in small precentage.
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