Laws Concerning Mineral and Coal Mining on Community Welfare from an Environmental Ethics Perspective
Article Sidebar
Published
Jul 31, 2023
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study delves into the legal frameworks governing mineral and coal mining operations, focusing on their implications for community welfare through the prism of environmental ethics. Through qualitative research methods with a normative juridical approach, this research scrutinizes the transition from Law Number 4 of 2009 to Law Number 3 of 2020 and evaluates the juridical ramifications of the latter on societal well-being. Drawing on data from library research, legal document analysis, and stakeholder interviews, including perspectives from entities such as Jatam and PT Selo Argodedali, the study offers insights into divergent opinions regarding the efficacy of the legislative revisions. Findings indicate discord between mining entities and communities, with the former advocating for regulatory revisions while the latter perceive losses due to mining activities. Moreover, the study critiques the 2020 Minerba Law for its perceived neglect of environmental ethics, prioritizing exploitative practices over environmental preservation. Ultimately, this research underscores the imperative for legal policies to uphold community welfare in harmony with environmental ethics, as mandated by constitutional provisions.
Article Details
How to Cite
Taqiyaah, A., & Hidayat, A. (2023). Laws Concerning Mineral and Coal Mining on Community Welfare from an Environmental Ethics Perspective. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law and Sustainable Development, 2(2), 211-240. https://doi.org/10.15294/ijel.v2i2.70333
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Arbani, Tri Suhendra, Prasasti Amelia, and Nurfaika Ishak. "Transfer of Authority Over Mineral and Coal Mining Tenure Rights." Indonesian Journal of Law and Islamic Law (IJLIL) 4.1 (2022): 124-147.
Astomo, Putra. "The Problems in Mineral and Coal Mining Regulations Perspectives Political Law and Responsive Law." Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 23.1 (2021): 133-156.
Bhawono, Aryo. “Perluasan Pertambangan Batubara Merusak keanekaragaman Hayati”, BETAHITA News, March 18, 2022. Retrieved from https://betahita.id/news/detail/7283/perluasan-pertambangan-batubara-merusak-keanekaragaman-hayati.html.html
Buli, Willyam, Samsul Bakri, and Indra Gumay Febryano. "Kelembagaan Pertambangan Batubara di Hutan Rakyat (Coal Mining Institution in Private Forest)." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 6.3 (2018): 81-90.
Cannon, Charles H., et al. "Developing conservation priorities based on forest type, condition, and threats in a poorly known ecoregion: Sulawesi, Indonesia." Biotropica 39.6 (2007): 747-759.
Chandra, Wahyu. “Catatan Akhir Tahun WALHI Region Sulawesi: Industri Nikel Ancam Sulawesi”, MONGABAY, December 30, 2021. Retrieved from https://www.mongabay.co.id/2021/12/30/catatan-akhir-tahun-walhi-region-sulawesi-industri-nikel-ancam-sulawesi/
Dalimunte, Abdillah, Mohammad Ghufron AZ, and Supriyadi Supriyadi. "Legal Problems Related to Mineral and Coal Mining Permits." Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum 14.1 (2023): 76-85.
Damar, Merlin Paramita, Fanley N. Pangemanan, and Welly Waworundeng. "Fungsi Pemerintah Dalam Menertibkan Pertambangan Emas Tanpa Izin (Peti) Di Desa Laine Kecamatan Manganitu Selatan Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe." Governance 2.1 (2022).
Evans, Mary. Introducing contemporary feminist thought. John Wiley & Sons, 2013; Tong, Rosemarie, and Tina Fernandes Botts. Feminist thought: A more comprehensive introduction. Routledge, 2009.
Fahimah, Siti. "Ekofeminisme: teori dan gerakan." Alamtara: Jurnal Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam 1.1 (2017): 6-19.
Fazria, Zulvi. Implikasi Yuridis Pasal 4 Ayat 2 Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 Terhadap Sentralisasi Pengelolaan Minerba Daerah oleh Pemerintah Pusat. Diss. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, 2021.
Fendri, Azmi, and Busyra Azheri. "Fundamental Principles of Mineral and Coal Resources Management in the Regional Autonomy Era." Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 24.3 (2022): 196-211.
Fuller, D. O., et al. "Spatial assessment of threats to biodiversity within East Kalimantan, Indonesia." Applied Geography 30.3 (2010): 416-425.
Harrison, Mark E., and Gary D. Paoli. "Managing the risk of biodiversity leakage from prioritising REDD+ in the most carbon-rich forests: the case study of peat-swamp forests in Kalimantan, Indonesia." Tropical Conservation Science 5.4 (2012): 426-433.
Hidayati, Nur, et.al. “Sidang Rakyat Menggugat dan Membatalkan UU Minerba Dimulai Hari Ini”. JATAM, May 29, 2020. Available online at https://www.jatam.org/sidang-rakyat-menggugat-dan-membatalkan-uu-minerba-dimulai-hari-ini/
JATAM SULTENG, “PT Bintang Delapan Mineral Harus Bertanggungjawab”, JATAM SULTENG, October 21, 2019. Retrieved from https://jatamsulteng.org/pt-bintang-delapan-mineral-harus-bertanggungjawab/
Keraf, A Sonny. Etika Lingkungan Hidup. Jakarta: Kompas, 2010.
Lutfulloh, Zen, and Wahyu Donri. "Akibat Hukum Penerbitan Surat Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) pada Kekayaan Alam Kepulauan Sangihe." Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan Widya Praja 47.2 (2021): 175-194.
Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. Penelitian Hukum (Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group, 2011).
Muhaimin, Muhaimin. Metode Penelitian Hukum (Mataram: Mataram University Press, 2020).
Nasir, Mohamad, Laurens Bakker, and Toon van Meijl. "Coal Mining Governance in Indonesia: Legal Uncertainty and Contestation." Australian Journal of Asian Law 22.1 (2022): 53-67.
Pudasainee, Deepak, Vinoj Kurian, and Rajender Gupta. "Coal: Past, present, and future sustainable use." Future Energy (2020): 21-48.
Qurbani, Indah Dwi, Raphael J. Heffron, and Arrial Thoriq Setyo Rifano. "Justice and critical mineral development in Indonesia and across ASEAN." The Extractive Industries and Society 8.1 (2021): 355-362.
Rachman, Irfan Nur. "Politik Hukum Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam Menurut Pasal 33 UUD 1945." Jurnal Konstitusi 13.1 (2016): 195-212.
Rahayu, Derita Prapti, and Faisal Faisal. "Politik hukum kewenangan perizinan pertambangan pasca perubahan Undang-Undang Minerba." Pandecta Research Law Journal 16.1 (2021): 164-172.
Ritonga, Abdullah Ibrahim, et.al. “MENUJU 2 TAHUN UU MINERBA: Puluhan Warga Dikriminalisasi, Jutaan Hektar Lahan Dijarah”, WALHI. March 9, 2022. Available online at https://www.walhi.or.id/menuju-2-tahun-uu-minerba-puluhan-warga-dikriminalisasi-jutaan-hektar-lahan-dijarah
Sihotang, Dewi Ririn, and Jajat Sudrajat. "Dampak Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemerintahan Daerah: Studi Kasus Pengalihan Kewenangan Reklamasi Dan Pascatambang IUP dalam Rangka PMA." Prosiding Temu Profesi Tahunan PERHAPI 1.1 (2018): 197-206.
Sudjati, Xaviera Qatrunnada Djana, and Izzah Khalif Raihan Abidin. "Penyalahgunaan Wewenang Pemerintah dalam Pemberian Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) pada Perusahaan PT Tambang Mas Sangihe (TMS) di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe." Jurnal Kawruh Abiyasa 1.1 (2021): 94-110.
Supramono, Gatot. Hukum Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara di Indonesia (Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2012).
Supriatna, Jatna, et al. "Deforestation on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi and the loss of primate habitat." Global Ecology and Conservation 24 (2020): e01205.
Suryoputro, Dimas Rahadian, and Erik PM Vermeulen. Indonesia New Mining Law Regime: Balancing between State’s and the Investor’s Interest. Diss. Master’s Thesis LLM International Business Law 2011/2012. Tilburg Universit. Tilburg, 2012.
Taufik, Muh, and Ramadhani Ramadhani. “Aksi Tolak Tambang di Sulteng, Seorang Massa Aksi Tewas dan Puluhan Lain Luka-Luka, dan Ditangkap Aparat Kepolisian”, JATAM, February 13, 2022. Retrieved from https://www.jatam.org/aksi-tolak-tambang-di-sulteng-seorang-massa-aksi-tewas-dan-puluhan-lain-luka-luka-dan-ditangkap-aparat-kepolisian
Umah, Anisatul. “Ini Alasan Warga Tolak Tambang Emas di Sangihe”, CNBC Inddonesia, June 25, 2021. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20210625190039-4-256081/ini-alasan-warga-tolak-tambang-emas-di-sangihe
Wellmer, F-W., and J. Becker-Platen. "Sustainable development and the exploitation of mineral and energy resources: a review." International Journal of Earth Sciences 91 (2002): 723-745.
Wibowo, Suyanto Edi. "Memahami Makna Pasal 33 Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 Perihal Penguasaan oleh Negara Terhadap Sumber Daya Alam Comprehend the Meaning of Article 33 of The 1945 Constitution of The Republic of Indonesia on State Authority Over Natural Resources." Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia 12.4 (2018): 1-57.
Wilson, Kerrie A., et al. "Conserving biodiversity in production landscapes." Ecological Applications 20.6 (2010): 1721-1732.
Astomo, Putra. "The Problems in Mineral and Coal Mining Regulations Perspectives Political Law and Responsive Law." Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 23.1 (2021): 133-156.
Bhawono, Aryo. “Perluasan Pertambangan Batubara Merusak keanekaragaman Hayati”, BETAHITA News, March 18, 2022. Retrieved from https://betahita.id/news/detail/7283/perluasan-pertambangan-batubara-merusak-keanekaragaman-hayati.html.html
Buli, Willyam, Samsul Bakri, and Indra Gumay Febryano. "Kelembagaan Pertambangan Batubara di Hutan Rakyat (Coal Mining Institution in Private Forest)." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 6.3 (2018): 81-90.
Cannon, Charles H., et al. "Developing conservation priorities based on forest type, condition, and threats in a poorly known ecoregion: Sulawesi, Indonesia." Biotropica 39.6 (2007): 747-759.
Chandra, Wahyu. “Catatan Akhir Tahun WALHI Region Sulawesi: Industri Nikel Ancam Sulawesi”, MONGABAY, December 30, 2021. Retrieved from https://www.mongabay.co.id/2021/12/30/catatan-akhir-tahun-walhi-region-sulawesi-industri-nikel-ancam-sulawesi/
Dalimunte, Abdillah, Mohammad Ghufron AZ, and Supriyadi Supriyadi. "Legal Problems Related to Mineral and Coal Mining Permits." Jurnal Cakrawala Hukum 14.1 (2023): 76-85.
Damar, Merlin Paramita, Fanley N. Pangemanan, and Welly Waworundeng. "Fungsi Pemerintah Dalam Menertibkan Pertambangan Emas Tanpa Izin (Peti) Di Desa Laine Kecamatan Manganitu Selatan Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe." Governance 2.1 (2022).
Evans, Mary. Introducing contemporary feminist thought. John Wiley & Sons, 2013; Tong, Rosemarie, and Tina Fernandes Botts. Feminist thought: A more comprehensive introduction. Routledge, 2009.
Fahimah, Siti. "Ekofeminisme: teori dan gerakan." Alamtara: Jurnal Komunikasi dan Penyiaran Islam 1.1 (2017): 6-19.
Fazria, Zulvi. Implikasi Yuridis Pasal 4 Ayat 2 Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 Terhadap Sentralisasi Pengelolaan Minerba Daerah oleh Pemerintah Pusat. Diss. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, 2021.
Fendri, Azmi, and Busyra Azheri. "Fundamental Principles of Mineral and Coal Resources Management in the Regional Autonomy Era." Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 24.3 (2022): 196-211.
Fuller, D. O., et al. "Spatial assessment of threats to biodiversity within East Kalimantan, Indonesia." Applied Geography 30.3 (2010): 416-425.
Harrison, Mark E., and Gary D. Paoli. "Managing the risk of biodiversity leakage from prioritising REDD+ in the most carbon-rich forests: the case study of peat-swamp forests in Kalimantan, Indonesia." Tropical Conservation Science 5.4 (2012): 426-433.
Hidayati, Nur, et.al. “Sidang Rakyat Menggugat dan Membatalkan UU Minerba Dimulai Hari Ini”. JATAM, May 29, 2020. Available online at https://www.jatam.org/sidang-rakyat-menggugat-dan-membatalkan-uu-minerba-dimulai-hari-ini/
JATAM SULTENG, “PT Bintang Delapan Mineral Harus Bertanggungjawab”, JATAM SULTENG, October 21, 2019. Retrieved from https://jatamsulteng.org/pt-bintang-delapan-mineral-harus-bertanggungjawab/
Keraf, A Sonny. Etika Lingkungan Hidup. Jakarta: Kompas, 2010.
Lutfulloh, Zen, and Wahyu Donri. "Akibat Hukum Penerbitan Surat Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) pada Kekayaan Alam Kepulauan Sangihe." Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan Widya Praja 47.2 (2021): 175-194.
Marzuki, Peter Mahmud. Penelitian Hukum (Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group, 2011).
Muhaimin, Muhaimin. Metode Penelitian Hukum (Mataram: Mataram University Press, 2020).
Nasir, Mohamad, Laurens Bakker, and Toon van Meijl. "Coal Mining Governance in Indonesia: Legal Uncertainty and Contestation." Australian Journal of Asian Law 22.1 (2022): 53-67.
Pudasainee, Deepak, Vinoj Kurian, and Rajender Gupta. "Coal: Past, present, and future sustainable use." Future Energy (2020): 21-48.
Qurbani, Indah Dwi, Raphael J. Heffron, and Arrial Thoriq Setyo Rifano. "Justice and critical mineral development in Indonesia and across ASEAN." The Extractive Industries and Society 8.1 (2021): 355-362.
Rachman, Irfan Nur. "Politik Hukum Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam Menurut Pasal 33 UUD 1945." Jurnal Konstitusi 13.1 (2016): 195-212.
Rahayu, Derita Prapti, and Faisal Faisal. "Politik hukum kewenangan perizinan pertambangan pasca perubahan Undang-Undang Minerba." Pandecta Research Law Journal 16.1 (2021): 164-172.
Ritonga, Abdullah Ibrahim, et.al. “MENUJU 2 TAHUN UU MINERBA: Puluhan Warga Dikriminalisasi, Jutaan Hektar Lahan Dijarah”, WALHI. March 9, 2022. Available online at https://www.walhi.or.id/menuju-2-tahun-uu-minerba-puluhan-warga-dikriminalisasi-jutaan-hektar-lahan-dijarah
Sihotang, Dewi Ririn, and Jajat Sudrajat. "Dampak Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 Tentang Pemerintahan Daerah: Studi Kasus Pengalihan Kewenangan Reklamasi Dan Pascatambang IUP dalam Rangka PMA." Prosiding Temu Profesi Tahunan PERHAPI 1.1 (2018): 197-206.
Sudjati, Xaviera Qatrunnada Djana, and Izzah Khalif Raihan Abidin. "Penyalahgunaan Wewenang Pemerintah dalam Pemberian Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) pada Perusahaan PT Tambang Mas Sangihe (TMS) di Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe." Jurnal Kawruh Abiyasa 1.1 (2021): 94-110.
Supramono, Gatot. Hukum Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara di Indonesia (Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2012).
Supriatna, Jatna, et al. "Deforestation on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi and the loss of primate habitat." Global Ecology and Conservation 24 (2020): e01205.
Suryoputro, Dimas Rahadian, and Erik PM Vermeulen. Indonesia New Mining Law Regime: Balancing between State’s and the Investor’s Interest. Diss. Master’s Thesis LLM International Business Law 2011/2012. Tilburg Universit. Tilburg, 2012.
Taufik, Muh, and Ramadhani Ramadhani. “Aksi Tolak Tambang di Sulteng, Seorang Massa Aksi Tewas dan Puluhan Lain Luka-Luka, dan Ditangkap Aparat Kepolisian”, JATAM, February 13, 2022. Retrieved from https://www.jatam.org/aksi-tolak-tambang-di-sulteng-seorang-massa-aksi-tewas-dan-puluhan-lain-luka-luka-dan-ditangkap-aparat-kepolisian
Umah, Anisatul. “Ini Alasan Warga Tolak Tambang Emas di Sangihe”, CNBC Inddonesia, June 25, 2021. Retrieved from https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20210625190039-4-256081/ini-alasan-warga-tolak-tambang-emas-di-sangihe
Wellmer, F-W., and J. Becker-Platen. "Sustainable development and the exploitation of mineral and energy resources: a review." International Journal of Earth Sciences 91 (2002): 723-745.
Wibowo, Suyanto Edi. "Memahami Makna Pasal 33 Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 Perihal Penguasaan oleh Negara Terhadap Sumber Daya Alam Comprehend the Meaning of Article 33 of The 1945 Constitution of The Republic of Indonesia on State Authority Over Natural Resources." Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia 12.4 (2018): 1-57.
Wilson, Kerrie A., et al. "Conserving biodiversity in production landscapes." Ecological Applications 20.6 (2010): 1721-1732.