Population Growth Control Policy and Its Effect to Law Enforcement
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Published
Jan 26, 2020
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Abstract
In minimizing population growth that occurs in Indonesia one of them can be done with a family planning program (KB) that has been carried out by the government. In accordance with the framework and ideals of the Indonesian people listed in the opening of the 1945 Constitution. The purpose of the study was to describe the implementation of improving population control through family planning programs in Semarang District in terms of Article 4 Paragraph (1) of the Central Java Regional Regulation No. 6 of 2013 and Knowing the supporting and inhibiting factors in overcoming population control through family planning programs in Semarang Regency. This legal research method uses a qualitative approach with a type of socio-legal research. The results of the study were obtained that (1) The implementation of family planning programs in Semarang Regency was carried out well from the central level to the field. The Office of PP, PA, and KB carry out regulations related to family planning programs which are the vision of the Regent. By communicating, providing information and education to the community and providing socialization and coordination in the implementation of family planning. (2) The supporting factor is the regulation on the implementation of family planning; there is reliable medical personnel. As for the inhibiting factors, not all communities accept the existence of a family planning program; community culture that is still strongly attached to each individual community. The conclusion is that the success of family programs goes very well and cannot be separated from community participation. So that it can be seen from the number of babies born can be reduced from 14,127 in 2015 and 13,328 in 2016 which are spread from 19 districts in Semarang Regency.
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How to Cite
Oktavina, S. (2020). Population Growth Control Policy and Its Effect to Law Enforcement. Journal of Law and Legal Reform, 1(2), 225-240. https://doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v1i2.35460
Section
Research Article
All writings published in this journal are personal views of the authors and do not represent the views of this journal and the author's affiliated institutions. Author(s) retain copyrights under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
References
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Barroso, C. (2015). Family Planning Programs: Feminist Perspectives. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition (Second Edi, Vol. 8). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31030-3
Brown, W., Ahmed, S., Roche, N., Sonneveldt, E., & Darmstadt, G. L. (2015). Impact of family planning programs in reducing high-risk births due to younger and older maternal age, short birth intervals, and high parity. Seminars in Perinatology, 39(5), 338–344. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semperi.2015.06.006
Brunson, J. (2019). Tool of economic development, metric of global health: Promoting planned families and economized life in Nepal. Social Science and Medicine, (December 2018), 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.05.003
Carter, E. D. (2018). Population control, public health, and development in mid twentieth century Latin America. Journal of Historical Geography, 62, 96–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2018.03.012
Catley-Carlson, M. (1997). Implementing family planning programs in developing countries: Lessons and reflections from four decades of Population Council experience. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 58(1), 101–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7292(97)02858-0
Eslami, M., & D’Arcangues, C. (2016). Aiming for quality in Iran’s national family planning program - Two decades of sustained efforts. Contraception, 93(3), 209–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2015.11.013
Eva, G., Quinn, A., & Ngo, T. D. (2015). Vouchers for family planning and sexual and reproductive health services: A review of voucher programs involving Marie Stopes International among 11 Asian and African countries. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 130, E15–E20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.06.023
Fischer, S., Royer, H., & White, C. (2018). The impacts of reduced access to abortion and family planning services on abortions, births, and contraceptive purchases. Journal of Public Economics, 167, 43–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.08.009
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Johnson, D., Juras, R., Riley, P., Chatterji, M., Sloane, P., Choi, S. K., & Johns, B. (2017). A randomized controlled trial of the impact of a family planning mHealth service on knowledge and use of contraception. Contraception, 95(1), 90–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2016.07.009
Kelsen, H. (2010). Teori Umum Hukum dan Negara: Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Hukum Normatif Sebagai Ilmu Hukum Deskriptif-Empirik. Bandung: Bee Media Indonesia.
Loyola Briceno, A. C., Kawatu, J., Saul, K., DeAngelis, K., Frederiksen, B., Moskosky, S. B., & Gavin, L. (2017). From theory to application: using performance measures for contraceptive care in the Title X family planning program. Contraception, 96(3), 166–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2017.06.009
Masiano, S. P., Green, T. L., Dahman, B., & Kimmel, A. D. (2019). The effects of community-based distribution of family planning services on contraceptive use: The case of a national scale-up in Malawi. Social Science & Medicine, 238(August 2018), 112490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112490
McCarthy, A. S. (2019). Intimate partner violence and family planning decisions: Experimental evidence from rural Tanzania. World Development, 114, 156–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.09.027
Miller, E., Tancredi, D. J., Decker, M. R., McCauley, H. L., Jones, K. A., Anderson, H., … Silverman, J. G. (2016). A family planning clinic-based intervention to address reproductive coercion: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Contraception, 94(1), 58–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2016.02.009
Miller, G., & Babiarz, K. S. (2015). Family Planning: Program Effects. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition (Second Edi, Vol. 8). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31036-4
Mohan, V., & Shellard, T. (2014). Providing family planning services to remote communities in areas of high biodiversity through a Population-Health-Environment programme in Madagascar. Reproductive Health Matters, 22(43), 93–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-8080(14)43766-2
Moleong, L.J. (2012). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Nalwadda, G., Namutebi, M., & Volgsten, H. (2019). Health care providers’ perceptions of family planning and contraception education for adolescents in Kampala, Uganda – A qualitative study. Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare, 21(May), 15–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2019.05.001
Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan BKKBN. (1980). Keluarga Berencana dan Hubungannya Dengan Kesejahteraan Keluarga. Jakarta: BKKBN
Republic of Indonesia. (1945). Constitution of Indonesia of 1945, Undang – Undang Dasar 1945
Republic of Indonesia. (2009). Law Number 52 of 2009 concerning Population Development and Family Development, Undang-Undang Nomor 52 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perkembangan Kependudukan dan Pembangunan Keluarga
Republic of Indonesia. (2014). Government Regulation No. 87 of 2014 concerning Development of Population and Family Development, Family Planning and Family Information Systems, Peraturan Pemerintah No. 87 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perkembangan Kependudukan dan Pembangunan Keluarga, Keluarga Berencana dan Sistem Informasi Keluarga
Republic of Indonesia. (2014). Regional Regulation of Central Java Province No. 6 of 2013 concerning Population Control and Family Planning Organization, Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Jawa Tengah No. 6 Tahun 2013 tentang Pengendalian Penduduk dan Penyelenggaraan Keluarga Berencana
Ritonga, A. et.al. (2001). Kependudukan dan Lingkungan Hidup. Jakarta: Fakultas Ekonomis Universitas Indonesia.
Rogers, J., Silva, S., Benatar, S., & Briceno, A. C. L. (2018). Family Planning Confidential: A Qualitative Research Study on the Implications of the Affordable Care Act. Journal of Adolescent Health, 63(6), 773–778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.06.020
Segrott, J., Murphy, S., Rothwell, H., Scourfield, J., Foxcroft, D., Gillespie, D., … Moore, L. (2017). An application of Extended Normalisation Process Theory in a randomised controlled trial of a complex social intervention: Process evaluation of the Strengthening Families Programme (10–14) in Wales, UK. SSM - Population Health, 3(June 2016), 255–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.01.002
Shidarta, S., & Irianto, S. (2011). Metode Penelitian Hukum Konstelasi dan Refleksi. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
Soekanto, S. (1986). Pengantar Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta : UI-Press.
Sonalkar, S., Mody, S., & Gaffield, M. E. (2014). Outreach and integration programs to promote family planning in the extended postpartum period. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 124(3), 193–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.09.021
Suratman, H. P.D. (2013). Metode Penelitian Hukum. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tran, N. T., Seuc, A., Coulibaly, A., Landoulsi, S., Millogo, T., Sissoko, F., … Kouanda, S. (2019). Post-partum family planning in Burkina Faso (Yam Daabo): a two group, multi-intervention, single-blinded, cluster-randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Global Health, 7(8), e1109–e1117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30202-5
Traxler, S. A., Chavez, V., Hadjiliadis, D., Shea, J. A., Mollen, C., & Schreiber, C. A. (2019). Fertility considerations and attitudes about family planning among women with cystic fibrosis. Contraception, (xxxx). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2019.05.005
Wang, C. (2012). History of the Chinese Family Planning program: 1970-2010. Contraception, 85(6), 563–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2011.10.013
Wang, X., & Zhang, J. (2018). Beyond the Quantity–Quality tradeoff: Population control policy and human capital investment. Journal of Development Economics, 135, 222–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2018.04.007
Woo, C. J., Alamgir, H., & Potter, J. E. (2016). Women’s experiences after Planned Parenthood’s exclusion from a family planning program in Texas. Contraception, 93(4), 298–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2015.12.004
Yarger, J., Decker, M. J., Campa, M. I., & Brindis, C. D. (2017). Rural–Urban Differences in Awareness and Use of Family Planning Services Among Adolescent Women in California. Journal of Adolescent Health, 60(4), 395–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.10.016
Yuliyanto, M.F. (2009). Dualisme Penenlitian Hukum Normatif & Empiris. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Zhang, W.-H., Li, J., Che, Y., Wu, S., Qian, X., Dong, X., … Temmerman, M. (2017). Effects of post-abortion family planning services on preventing unintended pregnancy and repeat abortion (INPAC): a cluster randomised controlled trial in 30 Chinese provinces. The Lancet, 390, S29. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(17)33167-7
Asshiddiqie, J. (2005) Hukum Tata Negara dan Pilar-Pilar Demokrasi. Jakarta: Konstitusi Press.
Bang, K. S., Chae, S. M., Lee, I., Yu, J., & Kim, J. (2018). Effects of a Community Outreach Program for Maternal Health and Family Planning in Tigray, Ethiopia. Asian Nursing Research, 12(3), 223–230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2018.08.007
Barroso, C. (2015). Family Planning Programs: Feminist Perspectives. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition (Second Edi, Vol. 8). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31030-3
Brown, W., Ahmed, S., Roche, N., Sonneveldt, E., & Darmstadt, G. L. (2015). Impact of family planning programs in reducing high-risk births due to younger and older maternal age, short birth intervals, and high parity. Seminars in Perinatology, 39(5), 338–344. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semperi.2015.06.006
Brunson, J. (2019). Tool of economic development, metric of global health: Promoting planned families and economized life in Nepal. Social Science and Medicine, (December 2018), 0–1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.05.003
Carter, E. D. (2018). Population control, public health, and development in mid twentieth century Latin America. Journal of Historical Geography, 62, 96–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2018.03.012
Catley-Carlson, M. (1997). Implementing family planning programs in developing countries: Lessons and reflections from four decades of Population Council experience. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 58(1), 101–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7292(97)02858-0
Eslami, M., & D’Arcangues, C. (2016). Aiming for quality in Iran’s national family planning program - Two decades of sustained efforts. Contraception, 93(3), 209–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2015.11.013
Eva, G., Quinn, A., & Ngo, T. D. (2015). Vouchers for family planning and sexual and reproductive health services: A review of voucher programs involving Marie Stopes International among 11 Asian and African countries. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 130, E15–E20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2015.06.023
Fischer, S., Royer, H., & White, C. (2018). The impacts of reduced access to abortion and family planning services on abortions, births, and contraceptive purchases. Journal of Public Economics, 167, 43–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2018.08.009
Garney, W. R., Wilson, K., Nelon, J. L., Hays, C., Garcia, K. M., Muraleetharan, D., … McLeroy, K. (2019). Understanding innovation in health program planning and development. Evaluation and Program Planning, 73, 226–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2019.02.001
Guiahi, M., Cortland, C., Graham, M. J., Heraty, S., Lukens, M., Trester, M., … Kenton, K. (2011). Addressing OB/GYN family planning educational objectives at a faith-based institution using the TEACH program. Contraception, 83(4), 367–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2010.07.012
Johnson, D., Juras, R., Riley, P., Chatterji, M., Sloane, P., Choi, S. K., & Johns, B. (2017). A randomized controlled trial of the impact of a family planning mHealth service on knowledge and use of contraception. Contraception, 95(1), 90–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2016.07.009
Kelsen, H. (2010). Teori Umum Hukum dan Negara: Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Hukum Normatif Sebagai Ilmu Hukum Deskriptif-Empirik. Bandung: Bee Media Indonesia.
Loyola Briceno, A. C., Kawatu, J., Saul, K., DeAngelis, K., Frederiksen, B., Moskosky, S. B., & Gavin, L. (2017). From theory to application: using performance measures for contraceptive care in the Title X family planning program. Contraception, 96(3), 166–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2017.06.009
Masiano, S. P., Green, T. L., Dahman, B., & Kimmel, A. D. (2019). The effects of community-based distribution of family planning services on contraceptive use: The case of a national scale-up in Malawi. Social Science & Medicine, 238(August 2018), 112490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112490
McCarthy, A. S. (2019). Intimate partner violence and family planning decisions: Experimental evidence from rural Tanzania. World Development, 114, 156–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.09.027
Miller, E., Tancredi, D. J., Decker, M. R., McCauley, H. L., Jones, K. A., Anderson, H., … Silverman, J. G. (2016). A family planning clinic-based intervention to address reproductive coercion: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Contraception, 94(1), 58–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2016.02.009
Miller, G., & Babiarz, K. S. (2015). Family Planning: Program Effects. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition (Second Edi, Vol. 8). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31036-4
Mohan, V., & Shellard, T. (2014). Providing family planning services to remote communities in areas of high biodiversity through a Population-Health-Environment programme in Madagascar. Reproductive Health Matters, 22(43), 93–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-8080(14)43766-2
Moleong, L.J. (2012). Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Nalwadda, G., Namutebi, M., & Volgsten, H. (2019). Health care providers’ perceptions of family planning and contraception education for adolescents in Kampala, Uganda – A qualitative study. Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare, 21(May), 15–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2019.05.001
Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan BKKBN. (1980). Keluarga Berencana dan Hubungannya Dengan Kesejahteraan Keluarga. Jakarta: BKKBN
Republic of Indonesia. (1945). Constitution of Indonesia of 1945, Undang – Undang Dasar 1945
Republic of Indonesia. (2009). Law Number 52 of 2009 concerning Population Development and Family Development, Undang-Undang Nomor 52 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perkembangan Kependudukan dan Pembangunan Keluarga
Republic of Indonesia. (2014). Government Regulation No. 87 of 2014 concerning Development of Population and Family Development, Family Planning and Family Information Systems, Peraturan Pemerintah No. 87 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perkembangan Kependudukan dan Pembangunan Keluarga, Keluarga Berencana dan Sistem Informasi Keluarga
Republic of Indonesia. (2014). Regional Regulation of Central Java Province No. 6 of 2013 concerning Population Control and Family Planning Organization, Peraturan Daerah Provinsi Jawa Tengah No. 6 Tahun 2013 tentang Pengendalian Penduduk dan Penyelenggaraan Keluarga Berencana
Ritonga, A. et.al. (2001). Kependudukan dan Lingkungan Hidup. Jakarta: Fakultas Ekonomis Universitas Indonesia.
Rogers, J., Silva, S., Benatar, S., & Briceno, A. C. L. (2018). Family Planning Confidential: A Qualitative Research Study on the Implications of the Affordable Care Act. Journal of Adolescent Health, 63(6), 773–778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2018.06.020
Segrott, J., Murphy, S., Rothwell, H., Scourfield, J., Foxcroft, D., Gillespie, D., … Moore, L. (2017). An application of Extended Normalisation Process Theory in a randomised controlled trial of a complex social intervention: Process evaluation of the Strengthening Families Programme (10–14) in Wales, UK. SSM - Population Health, 3(June 2016), 255–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2017.01.002
Shidarta, S., & Irianto, S. (2011). Metode Penelitian Hukum Konstelasi dan Refleksi. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
Soekanto, S. (1986). Pengantar Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta : UI-Press.
Sonalkar, S., Mody, S., & Gaffield, M. E. (2014). Outreach and integration programs to promote family planning in the extended postpartum period. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 124(3), 193–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgo.2013.09.021
Suratman, H. P.D. (2013). Metode Penelitian Hukum. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tran, N. T., Seuc, A., Coulibaly, A., Landoulsi, S., Millogo, T., Sissoko, F., … Kouanda, S. (2019). Post-partum family planning in Burkina Faso (Yam Daabo): a two group, multi-intervention, single-blinded, cluster-randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Global Health, 7(8), e1109–e1117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30202-5
Traxler, S. A., Chavez, V., Hadjiliadis, D., Shea, J. A., Mollen, C., & Schreiber, C. A. (2019). Fertility considerations and attitudes about family planning among women with cystic fibrosis. Contraception, (xxxx). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2019.05.005
Wang, C. (2012). History of the Chinese Family Planning program: 1970-2010. Contraception, 85(6), 563–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2011.10.013
Wang, X., & Zhang, J. (2018). Beyond the Quantity–Quality tradeoff: Population control policy and human capital investment. Journal of Development Economics, 135, 222–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2018.04.007
Woo, C. J., Alamgir, H., & Potter, J. E. (2016). Women’s experiences after Planned Parenthood’s exclusion from a family planning program in Texas. Contraception, 93(4), 298–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2015.12.004
Yarger, J., Decker, M. J., Campa, M. I., & Brindis, C. D. (2017). Rural–Urban Differences in Awareness and Use of Family Planning Services Among Adolescent Women in California. Journal of Adolescent Health, 60(4), 395–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.10.016
Yuliyanto, M.F. (2009). Dualisme Penenlitian Hukum Normatif & Empiris. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Zhang, W.-H., Li, J., Che, Y., Wu, S., Qian, X., Dong, X., … Temmerman, M. (2017). Effects of post-abortion family planning services on preventing unintended pregnancy and repeat abortion (INPAC): a cluster randomised controlled trial in 30 Chinese provinces. The Lancet, 390, S29. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(17)33167-7