Integrating Islamic Principles with Modern Legal Frameworks: Addressing Children’s Origin in Religious Courts

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15294/ciils.v4i1.20639

Keywords:

Islamic Family Law, Child Legitimacy, Legal Harmonization

Abstract

This study investigates the legal complexities in determining the status of children born out of wedlock within the framework of Islamic family law, focusing on cases adjudicated by the Temanggung Religious Court. The research is driven by the increasing number of disputes related to birth records, the evidentiary role of DNA testing, and the legal implications for children's civil status and inheritance rights. Employing a normative legal research method, this study analyzes statutory regulations, authoritative legal literature, and selected court decisions to evaluate how legal norms are applied in actual case resolutions. The study aims to explore several critical issues: the implications of different birth records, the role of DNA testing in establishing paternity, and the legal recognition of children born out of wedlock in Islamic family law. Findings indicate that DNA testing has emerged as a pivotal tool in confirming biological paternity, thereby providing legal certainty and safeguarding children's inheritance rights. However, inconsistencies in birth record documentation often result in ambiguity and pose challenges in determining legal parentage. The jurisprudence of the Temanggung Religious Court demonstrates varied approaches, reflecting both the rigidity and adaptability of current legal interpretations in reconciling religious doctrine with scientific evidence. The study concludes that despite the availability of scientific methods, the absence of uniform legal standards contributes to inconsistencies in the protection of children's rights. Legal reform is therefore necessary to harmonize Islamic legal principles with modern evidentiary practices. Strengthening procedural clarity and integrating scientific proof within religious adjudication frameworks will promote a more equitable and rights-based approach in family law, particularly in matters of parentage and inheritance.

Author Biographies

  • Dwanda Julisa Sistyawan, Faculty of Sharia, Law, and Islamic Economics, Institut Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Temanggung, Indonesia

    Dwanda Julisa Sistyawan, S.H., M.H., C.L.A. is an Advocate, Legal Consultant, and Mediator at DJS & Partners Law Firm Temanggung, as well as a Lecturer at the Faculty of Sharia INISNU Temanggung since 2018. Born in Temanggung, Central Java, Dwanda completed his Bachelor of Law studies at Jenderal Soedirman University, earned a Master of State Law from Gadjah Mada University, and is currently pursuing a Doctor of Law at Diponegoro University Semarang. He is a certified Legal Auditor from Jimly School of Law and Government, a registered Legal Auditor at ASAHI, and a certified Mediator from the National Mediation Center (PMN) Jakarta. Since 2021, Dwanda has also been appointed as a Non-Judge Mediator at the Temanggung District Court. In the academic field, Dwanda is active in writing and has published various scientific works, both in the form of books and articles in national and international journals.  In addition, Dwanda is also active in social activities and advocacy. He has served as Vice Chairman of Advocacy and Legal Reform of Komnas Anak Temanggung Regency since 2018, as well as Secretary at LPBH NU Temanggung for the 2019–2024 service period. Scopus ID: 59441425900, SINTA ID: 6824416, and ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5431-9710.

  • Muhammad Husni Abdulah Pakarti, Faculty of Law, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Syariah Wal Aqidah Ash-Shofa Manonjaya, Indonesia

    Muhammad Husni Abdulah Pakarti, S.H., M.H is a Permanent Lecturer at the College of Sharia Sciences Wal Aqidah Asshofa Manonjaya and is listed as a student of the doctoral program in Islamic law with a concentration in Islamic family law at the State Islamic University of Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia. He is interested in the study of Islamic law, family law, and community empowerment based on Islamic values. In addition to being active in scientific research and publications, he is also a member of various social and scientific organizations engaged in the field of alternative education and institutional capacity building. Scopus ID: 58476063500, SINTA ID: 6952258, and ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4503-5859

  • Harmono Harmono, Faculty of Law, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati

    Harmono is the Dean of the Faculty of Law at Swadaya Gunung Jati University (UGJ), located in Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia. He is also known as a resource person in various activities, including Technical Guidance on business legality and product marketing for MSMEs. In addition, Harmono is also involved in various academic activities and cooperation with external parties, such as collaboration with the Ambulu Village Government and independent student exchanges. Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati itself is a private university located in Cirebon City and has several faculties, including the Faculty of Law. Scopus ID: - , SINTA ID: 6658057, and ORCID: -.

  • Loso Judijanto, IPOSS Jakarta, Indonesia

    Loso Judijanto, a Public Policy Researcher with more than 25 years of experience in various assignments in various sectors. Loso graduated from the School of Mathematics, University of New South Wales, Sydney in 1998; University of Indonesia in 1995; and the School of Statistics of IPB University in 1993. His works have contributed a lot to the development of inclusive policies and capacity building of civil society organizations in Indonesia. In addition, he is active in various national and international policy discussion forums. Scopus ID: 58706522000, and ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7766-0647.

  • Dina Imam Supaat, Faculty of Syariah and Law, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia

    Dina Imam Supaat is a lecturer and researcher at Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Malaysia. He is known for his contributions in the fields of Islamic family law, human rights, and child protection. Actively publishing articles in internationally reputable journals, Dina is also a frequent speaker at cross-border academic conferences and is involved in research cooperation between universities in the ASEAN region. Scopus ID: 57194874141, and ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3063-6440.

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2025-06-27

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20639

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Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): Intersections of Religious Diversity, Legal Frameworks, and Human Rights

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Copyright (c) 2025 Dwanda Julisa Sistyawan, Muhammad Husni Abdulah Pakarti, Harmono Harmono, Loso Judijanto, Dina Imam Supaat (Author)

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“Integrating Islamic Principles With Modern Legal Frameworks: Addressing Children’s Origin in Religious Courts”. 2025. Contemporary Issues on Interfaith Law and Society 4 (1): 111-40. https://doi.org/10.15294/ciils.v4i1.20639.