Development of Pop-Up Book Media Social Aspects in Developing Early Children's Cooperation Capability
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15294/jone.v11i2.29584Keywords:
Pop-Up Book Media, Social Aspects, CooperationAbstract
This research aims to: (1) produce media in the form of pop-up books to develop social skills in children aged 5-6 years, (2) to determine the level of suitability of pop-up book media for social aspects for children aged 5-6 years. The subjects in this research were children aged 5-6 years at SDK Olabolo One Roof Kindergarten, either in groups or individually. The stages used in this research include Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. The data collection techniques applied consisted of documentation and distributing questionnaires. The media validation process is carried out through assessments by material experts, learning design experts and learning media experts. The data obtained was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative descriptive approaches. The results of research into the development of pop-up book media are as follows. 1) media expert trials are in the "Very Valid" category with a percentage of 88.57%, 2) learning design expert trials are in the "Valid" category with a percentage of 83.33%, 3) material expert trials are in the "Very Valid" category with a percentage of 92.5%, 4) individual product user trials (children) are in the "Valid" category with a percentage of 85.71% and small group trials are in the "Very Valid" category. with a percentage of 94.44%. Thus, based on the results of testing the pop-up book media by experts and children as product users, it was declared suitable for use with children at SDK Olabolo One Roof Kindergarten. This study is very important to carry out because it provides valuable insight for education managers, especially in Kindergartens, to implement evaluation based on the ADDIE model in order to increase the effectiveness and sustainability of learning design development in Kindergartens which is supported by Pop-Up Book Media to strengthen children's education in schools.
Downloads
References
Abi, N. N., & Lestari, S. W. (2020). The Effectiveness of Learning Media Used During Online Learning. Jurnal Media Pendidikan, Gizi, dan Kuliner, 10(2), 126-130. https://doi.org/10.33751/mpgk.v10i2.38379
Adeoye, M. A., Owusu-Mensah, S. M., & Amedu, H. (2024). Revolutionizing Education: Unleashing the Power of the ADDIE Model for Effective Teaching and Learning. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 13(1), 202-209. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpiundiksha.v13i1.68624
Agustriana, N., Kurniah, N., Alexon, A., Kusumah, R., & Adiarti, W. (2022). Edutainment Method Learning: Exploration Of Variables And Implications On Children's Social Skills. Al-Athfal Jurnal Pendidikan Anak, 8(1), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.14421/al-athfal.2022.81-03
Ayu, C., Hutagalung, F. D., Savana, C., Indahsari, A., & Jannah, M. (2025). Enhancing Social Skills in Early Childhood through Cooperative Learning: A Case Study. Nak-Kanak: Journal of Child Research, 2(2), 144. https://doi.org/10.21107/njcr.v2i2.144
Azhura, P., Mustikasari, A., Laily, C. A., Mahardika, I., Yusmar, F., Firdausi, S., & Astuti, S. R. (2024). The Role of Learning Media in Educational Components to Enhance Students. International Journal of Education, Information Technology, and Others, 7(4), 213-219. https://jurnal.peneliti.net/index.php/IJEIT/article/view/11141
Bakker, A., & van Eerde, D. (2023). Design-based Research. In M. B. J. M. Van Der Klink & C. P. M. Van Der Vleuten (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Educational Research (pp. 599-623). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780197607758.013.29
Bagea, I., Ausat, A., Kurniawan, D., Kraugusteeliana, K., & Azzaakiyyah, H. (2023). Development Of Effective Learning Strategies To Improve Social-Emotional Skills In Early Childhood. Journal on Education, 5(4), 14378-14384. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v5i4.2474
Bierman, K. and Sanders, M. (2020). Teaching Explicit Social-Emotional Skills With Contextual Supports For Students With Intensive Intervention Needs. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 29(1), 14-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/1063426620957623
Blewitt, C., O’Connor, A., Morris, H., Nolan, A., Mousa, A., Green, R., … & Skouteris, H. (2021). “It’s Embedded in What We Do for Every Child”: A Qualitative Exploration of Early Childhood Educators’ Perspectives on Supporting Children’s Social and Emotional Learning. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 1530-1536. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041530
Bowen, G. A. (2022). Document Analysis As A Qualitative Research Method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27-40. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRJ-04-2021-0036
Bureau, J., Deneault, A., Yurkowski, K., Martin, J., Quan, J., Sezlik, S., … & Guérin‐Marion, C. (2021). The Interaction Of Child–Father Attachment And Child–Mother Attachment In The Prediction Of Observed Coparenting. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 22(3), 512-520. https://doi.org/10.1037/men0000309
Cherif, K. M. (2025). The Impact Of Interactive Multimedia On Young Learners' Achievement And Academic Behaviour In The Classroom In The Context Of Student-Centred Learning. CTE Workshop Proceedings, 12 (1), 176-184. https://doi.org/10.55056/cte.779
Christianto, J., & Dwiyogo, W. D. (2020). Effectiveness, Efficiency, Attractiveness Development of the Cricket Learning Media Based on Mobile Learning on the Sport Cricket Team of State University of Malang. Atlantis Press, Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 512 (12), 268–272. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201214.053
Damayanti, N. P. Y., & Putra, M. (2021). Pop-Up Book Learning Media on the Pancasila and Civic Education Learning Content. International Journal of Elementary Education, 5(1), 166-174. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijee.v5i1.32280
Durlak, J., Mahoney, J., & Boyle, A. (2022). What We Know, And What We Need To Find Out About Universal, School-Based Social And Emotional Learning Programs For Children And Adolescents: A Review Of Meta-Analyses And Directions For Future Research. Psychological Bulletin, 148(11-12), 765-782. https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000383
Ebrahimi, F., Masoudian, T., & Malekalketab Khiabani, M. (2025). Integrating ADDIE Needs Assessment with Kirkpatrick Evaluation: A Systematic Review. Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 51(3), 350–376. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2025/v51i31832
Fajriah, S. N., Permadi, I., & Nuraeni, A. S. (2022). Development of Pop Up Book Media to Improve Motivation and Learning Outcomes of Natural and Social Sciences for Grade IV Element. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 8(5), 2530-2537. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v8i5.10836
Fasoli, M. (2021). The Overuse Of Digital Technologies: Human Weaknesses, Design Strategies And Ethical Concerns. Philosophy & Technology, 34(4),1409-1427. QQ. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-021-00463-6
Firdaus, N. N., & Prasetyo, R. (2025). Effectiveness of Using Interactive Multimedia For Early Childhood Learning. Jurnal AL-Azhar Indonesia AUDHI, 10(1), 102-112. http://dx.doi.org/10.36722/jaudhi.v7i2
Fitria, E., Lestari, L. W. P., Rohmawati, D., Putri, R. R., Maisah, S., & Suarah. (2025). An Analysis of Early Childhood Creativity Development Through Eggshell Media. Ceria: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 14(1), 153-166. https://doi.org/10.31000/ceria.v14i1.13332
Gaspar, T., Gómez‐Baya, D., Trindade, J., Guedes, F., Cerqueira, A., & Matos, M. (2021). Relationship Between Family Functioning, Parents’ Psychosocial Factors, And Children’s Well-Being. Journal of Family Issues, 43(9), 2380-2397. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513x211030722
Handayani, O. D., & Kaffa, S. (2025). The Influence Of Social-Emotional Development On School Readiness In Early Childhood: A Study Of 5–6 Year-Olds In Bogor Regency. Golden Age: Jurnal Ilmiah Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia Dini, 10(1), 127–138. https://doi.org/10.14421/jga.2025.101-10
Helmi, I., Setiawan, A., Lestari, S. P., & Ramadhan, G. (2025). The Development of Audio-Visual Media on the Memory Retention of Early Childhood at RA Darussalam. Edutechnium: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, Sains dan Teknologi, 7(1), 74-83. https://doi.org/10.37081/edutech.v7i1.88
Henderlong Corpus, D., & Lepper, M. R. (2020). The Effects Of Different Types Of Visual Support On Children's Learning: From Flashcards To Interactive Media. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 60 (1),101826-101832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2019.101826
Hidayah, A. F. (2020). The Effect of Pop Up Book Activities On Group A's Early Childhood Creativity. Early Childhood Research Journal (ECRJ), 3(1), 30-40. https://doi.org/10.23917/ECRJ.V3I1.11731
Hong, S., Hardi, F., & Maguire‐Jack, K. (2022). The Moderating Role Of Neighborhood Social Cohesion On The Relationship Between Early Mother-Child Attachment Security And Adolescent Social Skills: Brief Report. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 40(1), 277-287. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075221118096
Huda, M. (2020). The Importance of Early Childhood Education. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i1.365
Hui, S. K., Ng, M. W. T., Kwan, J. S. P., & Lo, M. Y. Y. (2022). The Importance of Early Childhood Environmental Education: A Systematic Review of the Research Literature. Sustainability, 14(18), 11624. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811624
Hwang, G. J., Lai, C. L., & Hwang, P. J. (2020). A Systematic Review Of The Impacts Of Educational Technologies On Children’s Cognitive Development And Learning. Interactive Learning Environments, 28(2), 177-196. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2018.1506541
Khairunnisa. (2022). The Effect Of Pop Up Book On 5 – 6 Years Old Children's Listening Skill. Journal of Early Childhood Care and Education, 4(1), 31-37. https://doi.org/10.26555/jecce.v4i1.3649
Koncz, Z., & Szűts, M. (2020). The Impact of Digital Devices on Early Childhood Cognitive Development. Central European Journal of Educational Research, 2(2), 48-61. https://doi.org/10.37440/CEJER.2020.2.2.04
Kustiawan, U., & Yafie, E. (2021). The Effect Of Storytelling Assisted By Pop-Up Media To Improve Language Development Skills And Attitude Of Opinion. The Journal of Quality in Education, 11(18), 114-128. https://doi.org/10.37870/joqie.v11i18.271
Li, E. Y. (2025). The Impact of Emotion Regulation Strategies on Adolescent Mental Health: Interactions of Family and Society. International Journal of Education and Humanities, 18(1), 180-184. https://doi.org/10.54097/w689dm55
Li, Z., Guo, S., & Li, R. (2023). Visual Attention And Cognitive Development In Preschool Children: A Longitudinal Study. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 64 (1), 247-257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2023.01.002
Maghfiroh, Y., & Wahyuni, A. (2023). Enhancing Children's Speaking Skills through Pop-Up Book Media: A Classroom Action Research. Indonesian Journal of Education Methods Development, 21(3), 766-772. https://doi.org/10.21070/ijemd.v21i3.766
Martinez, M. E., & Gomez, V. (2024). The Importance of Social-Emotional Learning in Schools. Acta Pedagogia Asiana, 3(2), 101–112. https://doi.org/10.53623/apga.v3i2.468
Mubin, N., Haryanto, S., & Subroto, T. (2025). Enhancing Moral and Spiritual Development in Early Childhood Education Through the Ponakawan Philosophy. Jurnal Obsesi: Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 9(1), 233-242. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v9i1.6869
Munawwarah, H., Dewi, R., & Menanti, A. (2023). Pop Up Book Development to Improve Story Ability of Children 5-6 Years Old. International Journal of Islamic Education, Research and Multiculturalism (IJIERM), 5(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.47006/ijierm.v5i1
Naryawati, A., Devi, S., Putri, T. N., Pratiwi, A., Mutia, T., Fatika, K. A., ... & Pratama, A. (2025). Management Of Formal, Non Formal And Informal Education: Manajemen Pendidikan Formal, Nonformal, Dan Informal. SIJE-Student International Journal of Education, 2(2), 253-261. https://doi.org/10.24036/sije.2.2.253-261
Pebriani, F. and Vinayastri, A. (2022). Pop-Up Storybook Media Development For Cultivating Peace-Loving Characters In Early Childhood. Edubasic Journal Jurnal Pendidikan Dasar, 4(2), 133-144. https://doi.org/10.17509/ebj.v4i2.48307
Pham, S.V. (2024). The Influence of Social and Emotional Learning on Academic Performance, Emotional Well-being and Implementation Strategies: A Literature Review. Saudi Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 9(12), 381-391. https://doi.org/10.36348/sjhss.2024.v09i12.001
Pinto, C., & Radesky, J. (2020). Quality Of Interactive Media Use In Early Childhood And Child Development: A Multicriteria Analysis. Jornal de Pediatria, 96(3), 302-309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2019.06.002
Pollak, I., Stiehl, K., Birchwood, J., Schrank, B., Zechner, K., Wiesner, C., … & Woodcock, K. (2023). Promoting Peer Connectedness Through Social-Emotional Learning: Evaluating The Intervention Effect Mechanisms And Implementation Factors Of A Social-Emotional Learning Programme For 9 To 12-Year-Olds. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 53(1), 89-116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01871-x
Quintana, J., Ramos, P., & Almeida, P. (2023). The Influence Of Perceived Security In Childhood On Adult Self-Concept: The Mediating Role Of Resilience And Self-Esteem. Healthcare, 11(17), 2435. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11172435
Rahmandhani, H. N., & Utami, E. (2022). Comparative Analysis of ADDIE and ASSURE Models in Designing Learning Media Applications. Jurnal Educative: Journal of Educational Studies, 7(2), 52-60. https://doi.org/10.30983/educative.v7i2.6005
Rodrigues, G., Waslin, S., Nair, T., Kerns, K., & Brumariu, L. (2025). Parental Emotion Socialization And Parent–Child Attachment Security: A Meta-Analytic Review. Emotion, 25(3), 775-781. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0001457
Rusanti, D., Naimah, N., Suyadi, S., & Putro, . (2023). Application Of Pop-Up Book Media In Developing Children's Linguistic Intelligence. Al-Ishlah Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(2), 2200-2208. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i2.2879
Sadan, M., Lipka, O., & Katzir, T. (2024). Students’ Emotional Experiences And Learning Outcomes During Digital Vocabulary Instruction: Comparing Struggling And Typical Third Grade Readers. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 37 (7), 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2024.2382452
Salerni, N. and Messetti, M. (2025). Emotion Regulation, Peer Acceptance And Rejection, And Emotional–Behavioral Problems In School-Aged Children. Children, 12(2), 159. https://doi.org/10.3390/children12020159
Sapargaliyeva, M. B., Kulakhmetova, G. T., Balmagambetova, L. S., Akhmetov, Y. K., & Tazhenova, L. N. (2024). Enhancing Early Childhood Learning Through Visual Learning Methods. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education, 16(3), 291-298. https://doi.org/10.9756/JECSE/V16I3.245
Schuster, J., Gasteiger, H., & Loy, A. (2024). Learning Scientific Observation With Worked Examples In A Digital Learning Environment. Frontiers in Education, 9 (1), 1293516-1293522. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1293516
Shonkoff, J. P., & Phillips, D. A. (2021). Building A New Framework For Early Childhood: The Science Of Human Development And The Future Of Early Care And Education. Child Development, 92(5), 1835-1845. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.13524
Sinamo, J., Panjaitan, L. S. W., & Butar Butar, M. L. E. F. (2024). Building Children's Social Skills Through Picture Story Books. Jurnal Talitakum, 3(1), 14-21. https://doi.org/10.69929/talitakum.v3i1.11
Siswantini, Y., Kuswandi, D., & Samawi, A. (2025). Fostering Social-Emotional Growth through Cooperative Learning in Early Childhood Education. ISLAMIKA, 7(3), 544-558. https://doi.org/10.36088/islamika.v7i3.5721
Susanto, A. (2020). Early Childhood Development (Physical, Intellectual, Emotional, Social, Moral, and Religious Tasks) Implications For Education. International Journal of Educational Communication, 3(2), 241-250. https://doi.org/10.32585/ijec.v3i2.1674
Taha, N. M., Karim, N. A., & Vinayagan, N. L. (2025). Impact of Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) Programmes on Emotional Intelligence and Academic Achievements of Students. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 9(1), 2522-2528. https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2024.8120212
Taziki, t., Momeni, K., Karami, J., & Afroz, G. (2021). Predictors The Quality Of Life And Psychological Well-Being Of Mothers Of Students With Intellectual Disability Mediated By The Mother's Perceived Social Support. The Journal of Psychological Science, 20(104), 1345-1361. https://doi.org/10.52547/jps.20.104.1345
UNESCO. (2022). The right to a strong foundation: Global Report on early childhood care and education. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000381664
Wahyuningsih, S., & Afandi, M. (2020). Investigating English speaking problems: Implications for speaking curriculum development in Indonesia. European Journal of Educational Research, 9(3), 967-977. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.9.3.967
Wardhani, I., Iriyanto, E. N., & Maningtyas, R. (2024). Effectiveness of Using Interactive Multimedia For Early Childhood Learning. AUDHI: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 102-112. https://doi.org/10.36722/AUDHI.V5I1.3675
Xu, L., Mohd Nazri Abdul Rahman, Wong, S. Y., & Chen, Z. (2025). Personalized and Interactive Mobile Learning in Early Childhood Education: A Bibliometric Study (2015–2024). International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM), 19(10), 86–111. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v19i10.53587
Zamzami, M. T., Musfik, M., Harahap, D. R., Salsabila, S., & Sari, N. (2025). Enhancing Early Childhood Learning Quality: A Qualitative Study on Teachers' Strategies and Pedagogical Approaches in Indonesian. Al-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan, 17(1), 858-869. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v17i1.7219
Zaniyati, M., & Rohmani, R. (2024). Analysis of the Effectiveness of Pop-Up Book Media on Science Learning in Elementary Schools. IJORER: International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 5(4), 919-934. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v5i4.641
Zanbar, S. J. (2024). The Role of Early Childhood Education in Fostering Holistic Development and School Readiness. Journal of Early Childhood Research, 22(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1476718X231221045
Zych, I. and Llorent, V. (2020). An Intervention Program To Enhance Social And Emotional Competencies In Pre-Service Early Childhood Education Teachers. Psychology Society & Education, 12(1), 17-30. https://doi.org/10.25115/psye.v0i0.2374
Downloads
Published
Article ID
29584Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Konstantinus Dua Dhiu, Veronika Owa Mere (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.