Stress Management Trainin untuk Menurunkan Stres Pengasuhan Pada Ibu Yang Memiliki Anak Difabel

Andromeda Andromeda(1),


(1) Jurusan Psikologi Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Semarang Gedung A1, Kampus Sekaran, Gunungpati, Kota Semarang, Jawa Tengah

Abstract

Abstrak. Ketidakberfungsian peran orangtua sebagai pengasuh (family functioning) dalam literatur psikologi dikenal sebagai stres pengasuhan.Stres pengasuhan yang muncul pada orangtua yang memiliki anak berkebutuhan khusus atau difabel, dapat menurun dengan strategi coping stress. Sumber-sumber yang dapat berperan menjadi fasilitator sebagai coping stress terbagi menjadi dua tipe, yaitu sumber coping internal dan sumber coping eksternal.Kemampuan coping internal inilah yang belum dikuasai oleh orangtua dan menjadi permasalahan yang harus segera ditangani.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas stress management training untuk menurunkan stres pengasuhan ibu yang memiliki anak difabel. Mengunakan pendekatan eksperimental One Group Pre Test Post Test Design,pelatihan manajemen stres pengasuhan meliputi empat hal :(1). Mengatur Gaya Hidup dan Pikiran Sehat; (2). Strategi Modifikasi Perilaku; dan (3). Teknik Relaksasi. Hasil yang diperoleh melalui perbandingan mean sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan, terdapat perbedaan mean, dimana mean saat pre test sebesar 70,4667 sedangkan mean post test sebesar 43,1333. Hal tersebut menunjukkan ada penurunan tingkat stres pengasuhan paska diberi pelatihan manajemen stres.

 

Kata Kunci : stress-management training, stres pengasuhan, difabel

 

Abstract. Parenting stress that appears to parents who have children with special needs or disabilities, can decrease with stress coping strategies. Sources that can act as facilitators as stress coping are divided into two types, namely internal coping sources and external coping sources. This internal coping ability is not yet mastered by parents and becomes a problem that must be addressed immediately. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of stress management training to reduce the stress of parenting mothers who have children with disabilities. Using the experimental approach of the One Test Pre Test Post Design, stress management parenting training covers four things: (1). Manage Healthy Lifestyle and Mind; (2). Behavior Modification Strategy; and (3). Relaxation Technique. The results obtained through comparison of mean before and after treatment, there are mean differences, where the mean at pre test is 70.4667 while the mean post test is 43.13. This shows that there is a decrease in the stress level of post-care given stress management training.

Keywords

stress-management training, stres pengasuhan, difabel

Full Text:

PDF

References

Ahern, L.S. (2004). Psychometric Properties of The Parenting Stress Index. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29, 615-625.

Blaon, A. Y., Calkins, S. D., Keane, S. P., & O'Brien, M. (2010). Contributions of Child's Physiology& Maternal Behavior to Children's Trajectories of Temperamental Reactivity. Developmental Psychology, 46(5), 1089–1102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0020678.

Boyd, B. A. (2002). Examining The Relationship Between Stress and Lack of Social Support in Mothers Of Children With Autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 17(4), 208-215. doi:10.1177/10883576020170040301

Burack, J. A. (2012). The Oxford Handbook of Intellectual Disability & Development. Diakses kembali dalam Kristiana, I.F.

Cook, T. D; Campbell, D. T. (1979). Quasi-Experimentation: Design & Analysis Issues for Field Settings. Houghton Mifflin Company: Boston.

Deater-Deckard, K. (2004). Parenting Stress. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Gupta, V. B, Mehrotra, P., & Mehrotra, N. (2012). Parental Stress in Raising a Child with Disabilities in India.23(2), 41-52. Doi 10.5463/DCID.v23i2.119.

Kazdin, A. E. (1995). Conduct Disorder. In F. C. Verhulst and H. M. Koot (Eds), The Epidemiology of Child and Adolescent Psychopatology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Kristiana, I.F. (2017). Self Compassion and Parental Stress Among Mothers of Children with Cognitive Disability. Jurnal Ecopsy, 4 (1).

Kurniawan, I. N; Uyun, Q. (2013). Penurunan Stres Pengasuhan Orang Tua dan Disfungsi Interaksi Orang Tua-Anak Melalui Pendidikan Pengasuhan Versi Pendekatan Spiritual (PP-VPS). Jurnal Intervensi Psikologi, 5 (1).

Solso, R.L; Maclin, O.H; & Maclin, K. (2007). Psikologi Kognitif. Jakarta: Erlangga.

Subandi, M. A. (2002). Psikoterapi, Pendekatan Konvensional dan Kontemporer. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a  Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.