Anomali Perubahan Muka Air Tanah di Daerah Urban
(1) "Jurusan Teknik Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknologi Lingkungan, UPN “Veteran†Yogyakarta Jl. SWK 104 Condongcatur, Yogyakarta, 55283, Telp. 0274-487208, Fax. 0274-487208 E-mail :[email protected] Home Page : http://www.upnyk.ac.id"
Abstract
Dusun Karangwuni dan Dusun Kumpulrejo, Desa Caturtunggal, Kecamatan Depok, Kabupaten Sleman, DIY memiliki anomali penurunan muka airtanah yang dapat menjadi gambaran tingkat eksploitasi yang dilakukan baik oleh masyarakat melalui sumur gali ataupun dunia usaha seperti hotel, apartemen dan mall. Pengambilan airtanah melalui sumur-sumur akan mengakibatkan terjadinya lengkung penurunan muka airtanah (depression cone). Semakin besar laju pengambilan air tanah, semakin curam lengkung penurunan permukaan airtanah yang terjadi di sekitar sumur yang dipompa sampai tercapai keseimbangan baru, jika terjadi pengisian dari daerah resapan. Oleh karena itu prinsip efisiensi air perlu dilaksanakan dengan memanfaatkan air permukaan dan air tanah secara terpadu. Data muka airtanah didapatkan dengan menggunakan pengukuran sumur gali yang diperoleh dari 21 titik sumur di lapangan. Penggambaran peta muka air tanah dangkal dilakukan menggunakan software ArcGIS. Penggambaran kontur muka air tanah dibuat menggunakan software Surfer. Anomali perubahan muka airtanah di Dusun Karangwuni dan Dusun Kumpulrejo, Desa Caturtunggal, Kecamatan Depok, Kabupaten Sleman, Yogyakarta dihasilkan dari analisis perbandingan antara kontur muka air tanah normal dengan muka air tanah yang telah mengalami penurunan. Dari Hasil analisis tersebut ditemukan lengkung penurunan muka airtanah (depression cone) yang sangat jelas. Nilai kedalaman yang sebelumnya berkisar antara 5 – 6 meter turun menjadi 9 – 11 meter membentuk lengkungan yang semakin curam. Penurunan itu tersebar di hampir semua bangunan kos, bangunan hotel dan apartemen.
Abstract
Karangwuni Backwoods and Kumpulrejo Backwoods, Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region have anomalous groundwater decrease that can be the reflection of exploitation conducted by the community through dug wells or business sector such as hotels, apartments and malls. Groundwater retrieval through wells will bring about the formation of groundwater depression cone. The greater the rate of groundwater retrieval, the steeper the curvature of the groundwater depression cone occurs around the well being pumped until a new equilibrium is reached, in case of suplied from the recharge area. Therefore the principle of water efficiency utilization needs to be implemented. Groundwater level data is obtained from 21 dug wells in the field. A shallow groundwater depiction is drawn using ArcGIS software. The distribution of groundwater contours is created using Surfer software. The anomaly of groundwater decrease in Karangwuni and Kumpulrejo Backwoods, Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta is resulted from comparative analysis between the normal groundwater contour and the decreased groundwater level. From the results of the analysis, there is a very obvious curve of groundwater depression cone. The previous depth value ranges from 5 to 6 meters dropped to 9 - 11 meters forming a steeper curve. The decline was spread across all hotels and apartments.
Abstract
Karangwuni Backwoods and Kumpulrejo Backwoods, Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region have anomalous groundwater decrease that can be the reflection of exploitation conducted by the community through dug wells or business sector such as hotels, apartments and malls. Groundwater retrieval through wells will bring about the formation of groundwater depression cone. The greater the rate of groundwater retrieval, the steeper the curvature of the groundwater depression cone occurs around the well being pumped until a new equilibrium is reached, in case of suplied from the recharge area. Therefore the principle of water efficiency utilization needs to be implemented. Groundwater level data is obtained from 21 dug wells in the field. A shallow groundwater depiction is drawn using ArcGIS software. The distribution of groundwater contours is created using Surfer software. The anomaly of groundwater decrease in Karangwuni and Kumpulrejo Backwoods, Caturtunggal Village, Depok District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta is resulted from comparative analysis between the normal groundwater contour and the decreased groundwater level. From the results of the analysis, there is a very obvious curve of groundwater depression cone. The previous depth value ranges from 5 to 6 meters dropped to 9 - 11 meters forming a steeper curve. The decline was spread across all hotels and apartments.
Keywords
groundwater retrieval; anomaly; depression cone
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