SELEKSI IN VITRO EKSPLAN SETENGAH BIJI KEDELAI VARIETAS TAHAN TANAH KERING MASAM MENGGUNAKAN KANAMISIN
(1) Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
(2) Jurusan Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi yang optimal untuk seleksi in vitro kedelai varietas tahan tanah kering masam dan mengetahui respon pertumbuhan kedelai varietas tahan tanah kering masam terhadap berbagai konsentrasi antibiotik kanamisin. Jenis eksplan yang digunakan adalah setengah biji. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua faktor yaitu konsentrasi kanamisin (0 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 150 mg/L, dan 200 mg/L), dan varietas kedelai yang tahan tanah kering masam (Gepak kuning, Tanggamus, Gema, Grobogan, dan Burangrang). Parameter yang diukur adalah hari muncul tunas, jumlah eksplan yang tumbuh tunas, jumlah tunas yang tumbuh dan jumlah eksplan yang hidup. Data dianalisis menggunakan Anava dua jalur dan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi kanamisin optimal berdasarkan LD50 (Lethal Dosis 50%) untuk setiap varietas memiliki sensitivitas yang berbeda. Varietas Gema, Gepak Kuning dan Tanggamus pada 150 mg/L, varietas Grobogan pada 100 mg/L, sedangkan varietas Burangrang sensitif pada konsentrasi 200 mg/L. Semakin meningkatnya konsentrasi kanamisin menyebabkan penurunan jumlah eksplan hidup, jumlah tunas dan eksplan yang membentuk tunas, serta penundaan munculnya tunas.
This research aimed to determine the optimal concentration for in vitro selection of dry acid soil resistance soybean variety and evaluate the growth response of dry acid soil resistance soybean variety to various concentrations of the kanamycin antibiotic. The half-seed explants were used. The research used completely randomized design with two factors: the concentration of kanamycin (0 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 150 mg/L, and 200 mg/L), and soybean varieties which are resistant to dry acid soil (Gepak kuning, Tanggamus, Gema, Grobogan, and Burangrang). Parameters measured were: the emerging shoot day, number of explants emerging shoots, number of shoots, and the number of survive explants. Data were analyzed used two-way ANOVA and Duncan test. The result of research showed that optimal concentration of kanamycin based on LD50 (Lethal Dose 50%) in each variety were different. Gema, Gepak Kuning, and Tanggamus variety were 150 mg/L,Grobogan vaiety in 100 mg/L, while Burangrang variety has its sensitivity on consentration 200 mg/L. The increasing of kanamycin concentration caused a decrease in the number of survive explants, the number of shoots, and explants forming shoots, and delaying of shoots emerging.
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