Respon Kecambah Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Asal Bengkalis, Riau Terhadap Cekaman Garam
(1) Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Riau, Kampus Bina Widya, Jl. HR Soebrantas, Panam, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia
(2) Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Riau, Kampus Bina Widya, Jl. HR Soebrantas, Panam, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia
(3) Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Riau, Kampus Bina Widya, Jl. HR Soebrantas, Panam, Pekanbaru 28293, Riau, Indonesia
Abstract
Varietas padi yang tahan terhadap cekaman garam sangat diperlukan untuk mengatasi masalah cekaman garam di wilayah pesisir pantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis respon pertumbuhan akar dan tajuk serta pertambahan biomassa akar dan tajuk dari enam varietas padi pada fase kecambah. Varietas padi lokal yang digunakan berasal dari Kecamatan
Bantan, Kabupaten Bengkalis, yaitu Amat Candu, Sadani, Solok, dan Yamin. Dua varietas pembanding yang digunakan adalah IR64 yang tidak tahan dan Indragiri yang tahan terhadap cekaman garam. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan dua faktor dan tiga kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi NaCl, yaitu 0 mM, 15 mM, 30 mM, dan 45 mM. Faktor kedua adalah varietas padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di antara empat varietas lokal yang diuji, varietas Amat Candu memberikan respon pertumbuhan dan biomassa akar paling baik sehingga dapat digolongkan ke dalam varietas padi yang moderat terhadap cekaman garam; sedangkan tiga varietas padi lainnya, yakni Solok, Sadani, dan Yamin tergolong tidak tahan cekaman garam. Pertumbuhan akar kecambah padi pada perlakuan cekaman garam 30 mM merupakan karakter yang dapat membedakan ketahanan terhadap cekaman garam. Oleh karena itu pertumbuhan akar kecambah pada cekaman garam 30mM disarankan untuk digunakan dalam penapisan varietas padi untuk ketahanan terhadap cekaman garam.
Salt tolerant rice varieties is needed to overcome the problem of salt stress on coastal areas. This study aimed to analyze the roots and canopy growth of six rice varieties at germination stage. Four local rice varieties used derived from District of Bantan, Bengkalis, i.e. Amat Candu, Sadani, Solok, and Yamin. Two control varieties, IR64 and Indragiri, were used as salt sensitive and salt tolerance, respectively. The study was conducted using a randomized block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was concentration of NaCl, i.e. 0 mM, 15 mM, 30 mM, and 45 mM. The second factor was the rice variety. The results showed that among four local varieties tested, Amat Candu varieties had best root growth and biomass; therefore it can be classified into a moderate tolerance to salt stress; while three others, i.e. Solok, Sadani, and Yamin classified as salt sensitive varieties. Seedling root growth at 30 mM salt stress treatment could differentiate the salt resistance salt. Hence, the growth of seedling root on salt stress 30 mM is recommended for use in rice varieties screening for resistance to salt stress.
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