Struktur Mikroanatomi Hati dan Kadar Kolesterol Total Plasma Darah Tikus Putih Strain Wistar Pasca Suplementasi Minyak Lemuru dan Minyak Sawit

Abstract

Mengkonsumsi minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit secara terus menerus, diduga dapat menyebabkan kerusakan mikroanatomi hati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur mikroanatomi hati dan kadar kolesterol total plasma darah tikus putih strain Wistar paska suplementasi minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental, dengan rancangan acak lengkap. Penelitian menggunakan 25 ekor tikus usia ± 3 bulan. Masing-masing diberi minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru sebanyak 0%+0%, 5%+5%, 10%+10%, 15%+15%, dan 20%+20% secara per oral selama 28 hari. Data kadar kolesterol total plasma darah, berat badan tikus dan berat hati tikus dianalisis secara kuantitatif menggunakan ANAVA satu arah, dengan tingkat kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru bersifat toksik terhadap hati dan dapat menurunan kadar kolesterol total plasma darah. Sifat toksik minyak lemuru dan minyak sawit terhadap hati dapat dilihat dari adanya perubahan struktur mikroanatomi hati, makroskopis hati tikus, dan berat hati tikus. Kerusakan struktur mikroanatomi hati yang ditemukan berupa kerusakan sel hati (nekrosis hati) serta melebarnya sinusoid. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru mengakibatkan kerusakan mikroanatomi berupa nekrosis sel hati, sehingga mempengaruhi makroskopis hati (perubahan tekstur dan warna), berat hati, dan mempengaruhi berat badan tikus.

Consuming lemuru oil and palm oil continuously could be expected to cause damage to the liver micro-anatomy. This study aimed to determine the micro-anatomy structure of liver and blood plasma total cholesterol level of white rats Wistar strain by post-oil supplementation of lemuru and palm oil. This research was experimental, with a completely randomized design. The research used 25 mice aged ± 3 months. Each was given a palm oil and lemuru oil as much as 0%+0%, 5%+5%, 10%+10%, 15%+15%, and 20%+20% orally for 28 days. Blood plasma levels of total cholesterol, body weight of rats and mice liver weight quantitatively analyzed using one-way ANOVA, with an error rate of 5%. The results showed that the palm oil and lemuru oil was toxic to the liver and decreased the blood plasma total cholesterol levels. Toxicological properties lemuru oil and palm oil to the liver can be seen from the change in the micro-anatomy structure of heart, liver macroscopic rat, and mouse liver weight. Micro-anatomy structural damage on liver cells were found in the form liver necrosis as well as the widening of the sinusoid. The conclusion of this study was the provision of palm oil and lemuru oil was caused damage to microscopic liver cell necrosis form, thus affecting the macroscopic liver (changes in texture and color), a heavy heart, and affect the body weight of rats.