Capability of Vitamin E as a Radioprotector in Suppressing DNA Damage Determined with Comet Assay
(1) Center for Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology, Indonesia
(2) Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sceinces, National Institute of Sciences and Technology, Indonesia
(3) Center for Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology, Indonesia
(4) Center for Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology, Indonesia
(5) Center for Technology of Radiation Safety and Metrology
Abstract
Radiation has a potent to damage cells. Radiation may act directly or indirectly on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that results in the degeneration of tissues and necrotic, and thereby it needs a potent radioprotector to prevent these damages. Vitamin E is natural product known as an antioxidant which has potential as radioprotector. This research aimed to determine the capability of vitamin E with emphasized on the searching for its optimal concentration as radioprotector of DNA damage. This study used blood samples of healthy person irradiated with gamma rays at a dose of 6 Gy as the lethal dose to lymphocytes. The cocentrations of vitamin E from 0 to 0.8 mM was added into blood 15 minutes before irradiation. Isolation of lymphocytes was done using gradient centrifugation method. Evaluation on the capability of this compound in suppressing DNA damage was done by using alkaline Comet assay and data analysis was done using CaspLab program. The results show that addition of vitamin E could suppres these DNA damages and 0.8 mM of vitamin could reduce DNA damage up to 94.2%. We conclude that vitamin E effectively suppresed DNA damages induced by radiation. This information may benefit to the patient from negative impacts of radiotherapy.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Azzam, E. I., Jay-Gerin, J. P. & Pain, D. (2012). Ionizing radiation-induced metabolic oxidative stress and prolonged cell injury. Cancer Letter, 327(0), 48–60.
Borek, C. (2008). Dietary antioxidants and phytochemicals in radioprotection and therapy, in : Herbal Radiomodulators: Applications in Medicine, Homeland Defence and Space (Rajesh Arora ed.). pp. 141-143.
Bump, E. A. (1998). Introduction, In: Radioprotectors: chemical, biological, and clinical perspectives (Edward A. Bump and Kamal Malaker). CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 3-10.
Chung, D. M., Kim, J. H. & Kim, J. K. (2015). Evaluation of MTT and Trypan Blue assays for radiation-induced cell viability test. International Journal of Radiation Research, 13(1), 331-335.
Citrin, D., Cotrim, A. P., Hyodo, F., Baum, B. J., Krishna, M. C., & Mitchell, J. B. (2010). Radioprotectors and mitigators of radiation-induced normal tissue injury. Oncologist, 15(4), 360-371.
Dumont, F., Le Roux, A., & Bischoff, P. (2010). Radiation countermeasure agents: an update. Expert opinion on therapeutic patents, 20(1), 73-101.
Ghosh, S. P., Kulkarni, S., Hieber, K., Toles, R., Kao, T. C., Hauer-Jensen, M. (2009). Gamma-tocotrienol, a tocol antioxidant as a potent radioprotector. International journal of radiation biology, 85(7), 598-606.
Gomes , C. C., de Moraes Ramos-Perez F. M., da Cruz Perez, D. E., Novaes P. D., Bóscolo F. N., & de Almeida, S. M. (2013). Radioprotective effect of vitamin E in parotid glands: a morphometric analysis in rats. Brazilian Dental Journal, 24(3), 183-187.
Hall, E. J. & Giaccia, A. J. (2006). Radiobiology for the Radiologist. Sixth Edition. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; pp. 5-15.
Liu, S. Z. (2010). Biological effects of low level exposures to ionizing radiation: theory and practice. Human & experimental toxicology, 29(4), 275-281.
Mahdy, A. M. (1991). Vitamin E as A chemical radioprotector for controlling the radiation induced changes in the levels of protein and urea in the serum of irradiated rats. Isotope and Radiation Research, 23(2), 117-123.
Maurya, D. K., Devasagayam, T. P. A., & Nair, C. K. K. (2006). Some novel approaches for radioprotection and the beneficial effect of natural products. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 44(2), 93-114.
Nair, C. K., Devi, P. U., Shimanskaya, R., Kunugita, N., Murase, H., Gu, Y. H. & Kagita, T. V. (2003). Water soluble vitamin E (TMG) as a Radioprotector. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 41(12), 1365-1371.
Niki, E. (2014). Role of vitamin E as a lipid-soluble peroxyl radical scavenger: in vitro and in vivo evidence. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 66, 3-12.
Olive P. L. & Banáth, J. P. (2006). The comet assay: a method to measure DNA damage in individual cells, Nature protocols, 1(1), 23-29.
Palozza, P., Simone, R., Picci, N., Buzzoni, L., Ciliberti, N., Natangelo, A. (2008). Design, synthesis, and antioxidant potency of novel alpha-tocopherol analogues in isolated membranes and intact cells. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 44(7), 1452-1464.
Panda, S. K., Kumar, S., Tupperwar, N. C., Vaidya, T., George, A., Rath, S., Bal, V. & Ravindran, B. (2012). Chitohexaose activates macrophages by alternate pathway through TLR4 and blocks endotoxemia. PLoS Pathog, 8(5), e1002717.
Rahman, M. M., Islam, M. B., Biswas, M. & Alam, A. H. M. K. (2015). In vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of different parts of Tabebuia pallida growing in Bangladesh. BMC research notes, 8(1), 621.
Satyamitra, M., Kulkarni, S., Ghosh, S. P., Mullaney, C. P., Condliffe, D., & Srinivasan, V. (2011). Hematopoietic recovey and amelioration of radiation-induced lethality by the vitamin E isoform, delta-tocotrienol. Radiation research, 175(6), 736-745
Singh, N. P., McCoy, M. T., Tice, R. R. & Schneider, E. L. (1988). A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Experimental cell research, 175(1), 184-191.
Singh, P. K., Wise, S. Y., Ducey, E. J., Fatanmi, O. O., Elliott, T. B., & Singh, V. K. (2012). Alpha-tocopherol succinate protects mice against radiation-induced gastrointestinal injury. Radiation research, 177(2), 133-145.
Singh, V. K., Ducey, E. J., Brown, D. S., & Whitnall, M. H. (2012). A review of radiation countermeasure work ongoing at the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute. International journal of radiation biology, 88(4), 296-310.
Singh, V. K., Singh, P. K., Wise, S. Y., Posarac, A. & Fatanmi, O. O. (2013). Radioprotective properties of tocopherol succinate against ionizing radiation in mice. Journal of Radiation Research 54(2), 210–220.
Speit, G. & Hartmann, A. (2005). The comet assay: a sensitive genotoxicity test for the detection of DNA damage. Molecular toxicology protocols. 291, 85–95.
Tetriana, D., Mailana, W., Kurnia, I., & Syaifudin, M. (2015). Preliminary Study on the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of XRCC1 Gene Identificationto Improve the Outcomes of Radiotherapy for Cervical Cancer. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 7(2), 79-86.
Vasilyeval, I. N. & Bespalov, V. G. (2015). Release of Extracellular DNA after Administration of Radioprotective Combination of α-Tocopherol and Ascorbic Acid. Radiatsionnaia biologiia, radioecologiia, 55(5), 495-500.
Weiss, J. F. & Landauer, M. R. (2009). History and development of radiation-protective agents. International journal of radiation biology, 85(7), 539-573.
Yassa V. F., Girgis, S. M., & Abumourad I. M. K. (2011). Potential protective effects of vitamin E on diazinon-induced DNA damage and some haematological and biochemical alterations in rats. Journal of Mediterranean Ecology 11, 31-39.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.