RANDOM WRONGFUL CONVICTION AND EXONERATION, RARE COMPENSATION: A NEED FOR A COMPENSATION STATUTE IN BANGLADESH
Abstract
It is extremely difficult, not impossible, to determine the number of wrongful conviction in Bangladesh, mainly for the lack of initiative by the government and want of awareness among general people, advocates, rights groups, judges and others. It can undoubtedly be said that in Bangladesh many unjustly convicted are spending their lives in prison with intolerable sufferings and some of them have been released without any compensation. By analyzing the judicial decisions of the High Court Division of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh, the paper tries to highlight the frequency of wrongful conviction and exoneration in Bangladesh. This study also focuses the sufficiency of the present statute or tort law for compensating the unjustly convicted persons and highlights how better compensation can be ensured to the wrongfully convicted individuals in Bangladesh after consulting the statutes and States` practices of USA, UK, Canada, Australia, and India
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Alabama Code, Title 29, Section 29-2-159. Available at: https://www.lawserver.com/law/state/alabama/al-code/alabama_code_29-2-159. Accessed on July 2, 2019.
Apurbo, R. S. (2018). Development of Tort Law in Bangladesh and Recent Case Decisions. Bangladesh Law Digest. available at: http://bdlawdigest.org/tort-law-in-bangladesh.html
Babloo Chauhan @ Dabloo v. State Government of NCT of Delhi, 247 (2018) DLT 31.
Beverage vs RawshanAkhte and others,2010, 39 CLC (HCD) [7279]
Bernhard, A. (2009). A Short Overview of the Statutory Remedies for the Wrongfully Convicted: What Works, What Doesn`t and Why. Public Interest Law Journal. Vol. 18(2)
Borchard, M. E. (2013). European System of State Indemnity for Errors of Criminal Justice. Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology 3(5)
Borchard, E. (1941). State Indemnity for Errors of Criminal Justice. Faculty Scholarship Series Paper. Yale Law School. 21(2)
Criminal Justice Act. 1988. Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/33/section/133 (last accessed on December 5, 2018)
Catherine MasudVs. Md. Kashed Mia and others. (2016). Transferred Misc case 1 of 2016. the High Court Division, the Supreme Court of Bangladesh. Available at: http://supremecourt.gov.bd/resources/documents/937942_T_Misc_Case_01_2016.pdf
Entitlement to Compensarion-The Legal Framework (2015). Ontario Ministry of the Attorney Genera. Available at: https://www.attorneygeneral.jus.gov.on.ca/english/about/pubs/truscott/section5.php#footnote1 (accessed on April 2018)
Gutman S. J. (2017). An Emperical Reexamination of State Statutory Compensation for the Wrongfully Convicted. Missouri Law Review. Vol. 82.
Innocence Canada. David Milgaard Story. Available at: https://www.innocencecanada.com/ (Accessed on June 27, 2019)
Innocence Project 25 Anniversary. (2017). Compensating the Wrongfully Convicted. Available at: https://www.innocenceproject.org/compensating-wrongly-convicted/ (accessed on April 2018)
Jones, J. A. (2012). Wrongful Conviction in the American Judicial Process: History, Scope, and Analysis. Inquiries Journal/Student Pulse, 4(08). Retrieved from http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/a?id=682
Kahn, S. D. (2010). Presumed Guilty until Proven Innocent: The Burden of Proof in Wrongful Convictions Claims under the State Compensation Statute. University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform. 44(1).
Kaplan, I. Adam. (2009). The Case for Comparative Fault in Compensating the Wrongfully Convicted. UCLA Law Review. Vol. 56
Khan, A. R. (2017). A Good Precedent. Dhaka tribune. December 5, 2017. Available at: https://www.dhakatribune.com/opinion/2017/12/05/a-good-precedent
Lincoln, R. and Morrison, C. (2006). Rights of the wrongfully convicted. The National Legal Eagle: Vol. 12 (2), Article 2. Available at: https://epublications.bond.edu.au/nle/vol12/iss2/2
Mississippi Code. (2013). Compensation to Victim of Wrongful Conviction and Imprisonment. MS Code § 11-44-7 (2013) . Available at: https://law.justia.com/codes/mississippi/2013/title-11/chapter-44/section-11-44-7/. Accessed on July 2, 2019.
Moles, R. N. and Sangha B. (2008). Networked Knowledge; The Steven Truscott Homepage. Available at: http://netk.net.au/TruscottHome.asp#TopOfPage (accessed on April 2018)
Mostaghel, D. (2011). Wrongly Incarcerated, Randomly Compensated- How to Fund Wrongful Conviction Compensation Statutes. Indiana Law Review. 44 (503).
Norris, R. (2012). Assessing Compensation Statutes For The Wrongly Convicted. Criminal Justice Policy Review 23(3) 352 –374 [DOI: 10.1177/0887403411409916]
Report No. 227. (2018). Wrongful Prosecution (Miscarriage of Justice): Legal Remedies. Law Commission of India.
Rafiqul Islam alias Rafiquev. The State. (1996). HCD. The Supreme Court of Bangladesh. Available at: http://www.supremecourt.gov.bd/resources/documents/365505_CrlAppeal1938of1996.pdf
Sarkar, A. (2016). Justice Stumbles at Every Step. The Daily Star. May 26, 2016. Available at: https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/justice-stumbles-every-step-1229578
The Constitution of the People`s Republic of Bangladesh. (1972). Adopted November 4, 1972. Available at: http://bdlaws.minlaw.gov.bd/pdf_part.php?id=367
The Supreme Court of Bangladesh, High Court Division, Judgments and Orders, Death Reference No. 4 of 2007. Available at http://www.supremecourt.gov.bd/resources/documents/342481_DeathRef157of2005.pdf last accessed on December 20, 2018.
The High Court Division, the Supreme Court of Bangladesh. Criminal Appeal No. 3504 of 2003. Md. RafiqueUllahv. the State. Available at: http://www.supremecourt.gov.bd/resources/documents/355586_CrlAppeal3504of2003.pdflat accessed on December 27. 2018.
The Star. (2016). Innocence Canada Becoming Shadow of its Former Self. Available at: https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2016/10/21/innocence-canada-becoming-shadow-of-its-former-self.html (accessed on April 2018).
The Independent. (2016). Give Bhola Man Tk. 50 Lac as Compensation: HC. 26 May 2016. Available at: http://www.theindependentbd.com/arcprint/details/45096/2016-05-26. last accessed on January 2019.
The Daily Observer. (2016). HC for compensation to Satkhira'sJaved Ali. May 25, 2016. Available at: http://www.observerbd.com/2016/05/25/153013.php.
The Human Rights Act. 2004. A 2004-5. Australian Capital Territory. Effective from 2 March 2017 available at: file:///C:/Users/Dell/Downloads/2004-5.pdf (last accessed on December 5, 2018)
Utah Code, Post Conviction Remedies Act. 78B. Judicial Code. Section. 78B-9-405. Available at: https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title78B/Chapter9/78B-9-S405.html?v=C78B-9-S405_1800010118000101. Last accessed on July 2, 2019.
West's North Carolina General Statutes Annotated. State Prison System. Sec. § 148-82. Available at: https://www.innocenceproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/nc_statute5.pdf.
Zdenkowski, G. (1993). Remedies for Miscarriage of Justice: Wrongful Imprisonment. Current Issues in Criminal Justice. 5(1).
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.