Physical Wastewater from Assalaya Sugarcane Factory: Reality and Perception
Abstract
Wastewater physical examination is acknowledged as one of the fundamental parameters for identifying water quality and alleviating the environmental ramifications caused by waste. This study aims to analyze water quality and determine possible consequences on the White Nile River by performing waste analysis generated by Assalaya factory located in Assalaya province, White Nile state, Republic of Sudan. Samples collected included Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Turbidity, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Odor, Color, temperature, and conductivity. This study employed questionnaires to recognize community perceptions. Data analysis revealed that the river had been significantly contaminated. The highest recorded concentrations for TDS, Turbidity, TSS, Odor, and Color were 1186 ppm, 28500 NTU, 2333 Mg/l, unacceptable,840 TCU,1830 µS/cm and 37.5 â°C, respectively. These results are not recommended by the international standard for water quality (WHO) approved range. Hence, to avoid the aftermath of the factory wastewater, this study recommends some actions to promote biological treatments. The stakeholders should inevitably follow the environmental water policy and establish the medication near the river. The government should independently administrate this manner. On the other hand, the factory should obey global transformation towards their production schemes such as Eco-friendly, Green-economy, and Sustainability concept in line with social, economic, and ecology sectors.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ali, E. M., Shabaan-Dessouki, S. A., Soliman, A. R. I., & El Shenawy, A. S. (2014). Characterization of Chemical Water Quality in the Nile River, Egypt. Int J Pure App Biosci, 2(3), 35-53.
Azizullah, A., Khattak, M. N. K., Richter, P., & Häder, D. P. (2011). Water Pollution in Pakistan and Its Impact on Public Health—A Review. Environment International, 37(2), 479-497.
Bechara, R., Gomez, A., Saint-Antonin, V., Schweitzer, J. M., & Maréchal, F. (2016). Methodology for the Design and Comparison of Optimal Production Configurations of First and First and Second Generation Ethanol With Power. Applied Energy, 184, 247-265.
Bhatnagar, A., & Sillanpää, M. (2010). Utilization of Agro-Industrial and Municipal Waste Materials as Potential Adsorbents for Water Treatment—A Review. Chemical Engineering Journal, 157(2-3), 277-296.
Capelli, L., Sironi, S., Del Rosso, R., Céntola, P., Rossi, A., & Austeri, C. (2011). Odour Impact Assessment in Urban Areas: Case Study of the City of Terni. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 4, 151-157.
El Shakour, E. H. A., & Mostafa, A. (2012). Water Quality Assessment of River Nile at Rosetta Branch: Impact of Drains Discharge. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 12(4), 413-423.
Estrada, J. M., Kraakman, N. J. R., Lebrero, R., & Muñoz, R. (2015). Integral Approaches to Wastewater Treatment Plant Upgrading for Odor Prevention: Activated Sludge and Oxidized Ammonium Recycling. Bioresource Technology, 196, 685-693.
Ewaid, S. H., & Abed, S. A. (2017). Water Quality Index for Al-Gharraf River, Southern Iraq. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 43(2), 117-122.
Fachinelli, N. P., & Pereira Jr, A. O. (2015). Impacts of Sugarcane Ethanol Production in the Paranaiba Basin Water Resources. Biomass and Bioenergy, 83, 8-16.
González-Mariño, I., Gracia-Lor, E., Rousis, N. I., Castrignanò, E., Thomas, K. V., Quintana, J. B., ... & Castiglioni, S. (2016). Wastewater-Based Epidemiology to Monitor Synthetic Cathinones Use in Different European Countries. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(18), 10089-10096.
Gorde, S. P., & Jadhav, M. V. (2013). Assessment of Water Quality Parameters: A Review. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 3(6), 2029-2035.
Halder, J. N., & Islam, M. N. (2015). Water Pollution and Its Impact on the Human Health. Journal of Environment and Human, 2(1), 36-46.
Hayes, J. E., Stevenson, R. J., & Stuetz, R. M. (2017). Survey of the Effect of Odour Impact on Communities. Journal of Environmental Management, 204, 349-354.
Hess, T. M., Sumberg, J., Biggs, T., Georgescu, M., Haro-Monteagudo, D., Jewitt, G., ... & Marin, F. (2016). A Sweet Deal? Sugarcane, Water and Agricultural Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Global Environmental Change, 39, 181-194.
Kale, V. S. (2016). Consequence of Temperature, pH, Turbidity and Dissolved Oxygen Water Quality Parameters. International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology, 3(8), 186-190.
Kasmi, M. (2018). Biological Processes As Promoting Way for Both Treatment and Valorization of Dairy Industry Effluents. Waste and biomass valorization, 9(2), 195-209.
Kushwaha, J. P. (2015). A Review on Sugar Industry Wastewater: Sources, Treatment Technologies, and Reuse. Desalination and Water Treatment, 53(2), 309-318.
Mohsin, M., Safdar, S., Asghar, F., & Jamal, F. (2013). Assessment of Drinking Water Quality and Its Impact on Residents Health in Bahawalpur City. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(15), 114-128.
Pavithra, K. G., & Jaikumar, V. (2019). Removal of Colorants from Wastewater: A Review On Sources and Treatment Strategies. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 75, 1-19.
Rattan, S., Parande, A. K., Nagaraju, V. D., & Ghiwari, G. K. (2015). A Comprehensive Review on Utilization of Wastewater from Coffee Processing. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(9), 6461-6472.
Saha, N., Rahman, M. S., Ahmed, M. B., Zhou, J. L., Ngo, H. H., & Guo, W. (2017). Industrial Metal Pollution in Water and Probabilistic Assessment of Human Health Risk. Journal of Environmental Management, 185, 70-78.
Sahu, O. (2016). Degradation of Colour and Chemical Oxygen Demand of Sugar Industry Wastewater by Thermo-Chemical Combined Processes. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 6, 194-205.
Sahu, O. P., & Chaudhari, P. K. (2015). Electrochemical Treatment of Sugar Industry Wastewater: COD and Color Removal. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, 739, 122-129.
Sahu, O., Rao, D. G., Gopal, R., Tiwari, A., & Pal, D. (2017). Treatment of Wastewater from Sugarcane Process Industry by Electrochemical and Chemical Process: Aluminum (Metal and Salt). Journal of Water Process Engineering, 17, 50-62.
Salim, L. H., Elhassan, B. M., & Elawad, M. A. (2014). Physicochemical Analysis of Surface and Ground Water in Karrary Locality, Sudan. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Technol. Res, 3, 436-438.
Shahata, M. M., & Mohamed, T. A. (2015). Evaluation of the River Nile Water Quality around the New Assiut Barrage and Its Hydropower Plant. International Journal of Advanced Research, 3(9), 184-193.
Sharifinia, M., Mahmoudifard, A., Namin, J. I., Ramezanpour, Z., & Yap, C. K. (2016). Pollution Evaluation in the Shahrood River: Do Physico-Chemical and Macroinvertebrate-Based Indices Indicate Same Responses to Anthropogenic Activities?. Chemosphere, 159, 584-594.
Sikorska, A. E., Del Giudice, D., Banasik, K., & Rieckermann, J. (2015). The Value of Streamflow Data in Improving TSS Predictions–Bayesian Multi-Objective Calibration. Journal of Hydrology, 530, 241-254.
van Vliet, M. T., Franssen, W. H., Yearsley, J. R., Ludwig, F., Haddeland, I., Lettenmaier, D. P., & Kabat, P. (2013). Global River Discharge and Water Temperature Under Climate Change. Global Environmental Change, 23(2), 450-464.
Verma, A., Wei, X., & Kusiak, A. (2013). Predicting the Total Suspended Solids In Wastewater: A Data-Mining Approach. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 26(4), 1366-1372.
Wang, Q., & Yang, Z. (2016). Industrial Water Pollution, Water Environment Treatment, and Health Risks in China. Environmental Pollution, 218, 358-365.
Wu, X., Marshall, L., & Sharma, A. (2019). The Influence of Data Transformations in Simulating Total Suspended Solids Using Bayesian Inference. Environmental Modelling & Software, 104493.
Zhou, Y., Hallis, S. A., Vitko, T., & Suffet, I. H. M. (2016). Identification, Quantification and Treatment of Fecal Odors Released into The Air at Two Wastewater Treatment Plants. Journal of Environmental Management, 180, 257-263.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
