Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Matematika Model Team Assisted Individualization (TAI) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kemandirian Belajar Siswa Kelas IV SD

Suprayitno Suprayitno, Yohanes Leonardus Sukestiyarno, Isfarudi Isfarudi

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul pembelajaran model team assisted individualization (TAI) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemandirian belajar siswa kelas IV SD pada materi KPK dan FPB. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian dan pengembangan (research and development) dengan langkah yang diadopsi dari Borg dan Gall yang dimodifikasi oleh peneliti. Subjek penelitian ini meliputi 21 siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Margorejo sebagai kelas eksperimen dan 25 siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 2 Korowelanganyar Korwil Cam Bidik Kec Cepiring Kendal sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi teknik wawancara, teknik observasi, teknik dokumentasi, teknik kuisioner, dan teknik tes. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi teknik analisis kualitatif dan teknik analisis kuantitatif. Teknik analisis kualitatif yang digunakan yaitu teknik analisis interaktif. Adapun teknik analisis kuantitatif yang digunakan yaitu meliputi teknik analisis deskriptif, teknik analisis independent sample t test, teknik analisis N-Gain, dan teknik analisis one paired sample t test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul pembelajaran TAI untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemandirian kelas IV Sekolah dasar yang dikembangkan secara keseluruhan sudah dinyatakan sangat layak dengan rata-rata validitas sebesar 92%. Hasil analisis efektivitas modul juga menunjukkan bahwa modul pembelajaran TAI efektif untuk meningkatkan analisis berpikir kritis dan kemandirian pada siswa kelas IV SD. Efektifitas tercermin dari peningkatan hasil belajar siswa, nilai N-Gain, uji ketuntasan belajar siswa, uji perbedaan hasil belajar siswa, dan uji perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemandirian belajar siswa. Berdasarkan simpulan yang ada, maka modul pembelajaran berbasis model TAI akan sangat baik apabila digunakan oleh guru matematika di kelas IV SD untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kemandirian siswa.

This study aims to develop learning modules based on the team assisted individualization (TAI) model to improve critical thinking skills and learning independence of fourth grade elementary school students on KPK and FPB material. This research was conducted using a research and development approach with steps adopted from Borg and Gall which were modified by researchers. The subjects of this study included 21 fourth grade students at SD Negeri Margorejo as the experimental class and 25 fourth grade students at SD Negeri 2 Korowelanganyar Korwil Cam Bidik Kec Cepiring Kendal as the control class. Data collection techniques used in this study include interview techniques, observation techniques, documentation techniques, questionnaire techniques, and test techniques. Data analysis techniques used in this study include qualitative analysis techniques and quantitative analysis techniques. The qualitative analysis technique used is interactive analysis technique. The quantitative analysis techniques used include descriptive analysis techniques, independent sample t test analysis techniques, N-Gain analysis techniques, and one paired sample t test analysis techniques. The results showed that the TAI learning module to improve critical thinking skills and self-reliance in grade IV elementary schools which had been developed as a whole had been declared very feasible with an average validity of 92%. The results of the analysis of the effectiveness of the module also show that the TAI learning module is effective for increasing critical thinking analysis and independence in fourth grade elementary school students. Effectiveness is reflected in the increase in student learning outcomes, N-Gain scores, student learning completeness tests, tests of differences in student learning outcomes, and tests of differences in students' critical thinking skills and student learning independence. Based on the existing conclusions, the TAI model-based learning module will be very good if used by mathematics teachers in grade IV SD to improve students' critical thinking skills and independence.

Keywords

Modul; Model pembelajaran TAI; berpikir kritis; kemandirian

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