ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB KECELAKAAN KERJA KONSTRUKSI

Bambang Endroyo(1), . Tugino(2),


(1) Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES)
(2) Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES)

Abstract

Since two decades later, accident rate in construction work has been higher than the rate in any other industry. Referring to that, attention to the safety  must be improved to depress the accident rate. The effort to find out an accident causation needs complete understanding about how and why the accident happened. Therefore, it is very important both to develop the theory of accident causation and to do research in the field. Regarding the old theory,  occupational accident is an effect of a poor worker action. The new theory pointed that the accident caused by organizational and management factors. Therefore, till now, the development of theory about construction safety still relevant to be studied. The studies may regard to: (1) organizational/ management, that is participation the owner, designer, and contractor in  accident mitigation and  (2) time/phase of the project, from conception to execution, even demolition. Here in after, the results of the case study  to the accidents would be a valuable knowledge’s which very useful for  construction accident mitigation.

Sejak dua dasawarsa terakhir ini, angka kecelakaan kerja konstruksi masih selalu lebih tinggi dibanding sektor industri lainnya. Oleh karena itu, perhatian akan keselamatan harus  ditingkatkan untuk lebih menekan angka kecelakaan. Usaha untuk menemukan faktor-faktor penyebab kecelakaan konstruksi memerlukan pemahaman yang lengkap tentang bagaimana dan mengapa peristiwa seperti itu  terjadi. Untuk itu diperlukan pengembangan teori-teori penyebab kecelakaan dan penelitian-penelitian lapangan yang lebih mendalam. Teori lama mengatakan bahwa kecelakaan kerja diakibatkan oleh tindakan pekerja yang buruk. Teori baru menunjuk bahwa kecelakaan kerja bersumber kepada faktor-faktor organisasi dan manajemen. Oleh karena itu, sampai saat ini pengembangan teori tentang keselamatan kerja konstruksi masih sangat relevan untuk dikaji. Pengkajian/pengembangan yang dilakukan dapat berkenaan dengan: (1) organisasi/ manajemen, yaitu partisipasi owner, perencana dan kontraktor dalam pencegahan kecelakaan, dan (2) waktu/tahapan proyek, yaitu sejak konsepsi sampai ke pelaksanaan, bahkan  pembongkaran (demolition). Akhirnya, hasil-hasil studi kasus terhadap kecelakaan-kecelakaan dapat  menjadi suatu pengetahuan yang sangat berguna bagi pencegahan kecelakaan konstruksi selanjutnya.

Keywords

accident; safety; health; job; activity; construction; kecelakaan; keselamatan; kesehatan; kerja; konstruksi

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