ANEMIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN ANAK MALNUTRISI

Siti Zulaekah(1), Setiyo Purwanto(2), Listyani Hidayati(3),


(1) Prodi Gizi Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadyah Surakarta, Indonesia
(2) Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Muhammadyah Surakarta, Indonesia
(3) Prodi Gizi Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadyah Surakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

AbstrakDi Indonesia masalah gizi kurang atau malnutrisi masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama. Masalah penelitian adalah apakah ada perbedaan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan antara anak malnutrisi yang anemia dan tidak anemia. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis perbedaan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan antara anak malnutrisi yang anemia dan tidak anemia. Lokasi penelitian di Kelurahan Semanggi dan Kelurahan Sangkrah, Kecamatan Pasar Kliwon, Kota Surakarta. Data sosial ekonomi yang dikumpulkan adalah pendapatan keluarga ,umur ayah, umur ibu, dan jumlah anak. Data karakteristik anak meliputi kadar Hb anak, data pertumbuhan anak (berat badan, tinggi badan dan nilai Z-Score BB/U), dan perkembangan anak (motorik kasar, motorik halus, dan perkembangan bahasa). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi anemia pada anak malnutrisi sebesar 25%. Anak malnutrisi yang anemia mempunyai berat badan, tinggi badan, dan Z-Score BB/U yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan anak malnutrisi yang tidak anemia. Skor perkembangan motorik kasar, motorik halus, dan perkembangan bahasa anak malnutrisi yang anemia lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan anak yang tidak anemia. Simpulan penelitian, tidak terdapat beda nyata laju pertumbuhan dan tingkat perkembangan antara anak malnutrisi yang anemia dengan yang tidak anemia.

 

In Indonesia, lack of nutrition or malnutrition remains one of the major public health prob-lems. Research problem was whether difference growth and development between malnutri-tion child with anemic and without anemic. The purpose to analyze the differences growth and development between malnutrition child with anemic and without anemic. Research location Semanggi and Sangkrah Village, Pasar Kliwon District, Surakarta City. Socio-eco-nomic data collected were family income, father’s age, mother’s age, and number of children. Data child characteristics include hemoglobin level of children, child growth data (weight, height, and the Z-Score value of W/A), and child development (gross motor, fine motor, and language development). The result showed that the prevalence of anemia in malnourished children as 25%. Child malnutrition anemia have weight, height, and Z-Score W/A lower than the malnourished children without anemic. Score gross motor development, fine mo-tor, and language development child malnutrition with anemic lower than children without anemic. The conclusions, there was no significant growth and development difference of malnutrition children with anemic or not.

Keywords

Anemia; Malnutrision; Growth; Development

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