DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN SOSIAL DALAM PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN PERSONAL SOSIAL, BAHASA DAN MOTORIK PADA BALITA DI KABUPATEN BANYUMAS
(1) Jurusan Kesehatan Masyarakat, FKIK Unsoed Purwokerto
(2) Jurusan Kesehatan Masyarakat, FKIK Unsoed Purwokerto
(3) Jurusan Kesehatan Masyarakat, FKIK Unsoed Purwokerto
Abstract
Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh peran keluarga dan dukungan sosial dalam proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan balita di Kabupaten Banyumas.Penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik pre and post test design pada satu kelompok, dan sampel diambil secara purposive (34 orangtua balita). Lokasi penelitian di RW 3, Desa Rempoah, Baturraden, Banyumas. Tahap I, dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi keluarga dalam melakukan stimulasi tumbuh kembang balita, membentuk panduan stimulasi dan video stimulasi untuk balita, melatih kader kesehatan/relawan untuk pendampingan stimulasi tumbuh kembang balita. Tahap II, dilakukan dengan implementasi model; (1) memberikan pelatihan stimulasi tumbuh kembang balita dengan media video dan modul, (2) demonstrasi dan pendampingan stimulasi menggunakan alat permainan edukatif, (3) implementasi dengan kunjungan rutin setiap 2 minggu sekali selama 5 bulan. Instrumen: kuesioner pra-skrining perkembangan dari Depkes, lembar observasi dan alat pengukuran antropometri (BB, PB, LILA, dan LK). Hasil penelitian adalah peran keluarga dan dukungan sosial mempengaruhi proses tumbuh kembang, uji paired t test menunjukkan model pemberdayaan berdampak terhadap pertumbuhan balita baik pada indikator berat badan, panjang/tinggi badan, lingkar kepala, lingkar lengan (masing-masing dengan p value 0,00). Pemberdayaan keluarga terbukti mampu meningkatkan perkembangan balita, baik pada indikator personal sosial, bahasa, motorik halus, motorik kasar (masing-masing dengan p value 0,00). Kesimpulan adalah peningkatan peran keluarga dan dukungan sosial dapat memberikan efek positif terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan personal sosial, bahasa, motorik pada balita.
Identifying the effect of family role and social support in growth and development process of toddler in Distric Banyumas. Research was done by using pre and posttest design technique to a cluster, sample was taken by purposive sampling (34 parents of toddler). Research located in RW 3 Rempoah Village, Baturraden, Banyumas. Phase 1, done by identifying the families in growth stimulation toddlers, creating stimulation manual and video stimulation for toddlers, training the health cadres / volunteers in order to mentor the growth and development stimulation of toddlers. Phase II, done by model implementation; (1) giving growth stimulation training toddler with video and media modules, (2) demonstrate and stimulation mentoring using educational toys; (3) implementation with regular visits for 5 month in every 2 weeks. Instruments : pra-skrining development questionnaire from department of Health, observation paper and Anthropometric measurement tools (Body Weight, Body Length, Upper Arm Circumference, and Head Circumference). Family role and social support effect the growth and development process. The test of Pair T-test indicate empowerment model impacts in toddlers growth both in body weight, body length, upper arm circumference, head circumference (each with p value 0,00). Family empowerment proven to improve toddlers development, both in social personal indicator, language, fine and gross motor (each with p value 0,00). CONCLUSION. Family role and social support enhancement can give positive effect on personal growth and development on social, language, and motor on toddlers.
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