PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN PENDUDUK PERKOTAAN MELALUI PELATIHAN PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat model pengentasan kemiskinan penduduk perkotaan melalui pelatihan mengolah sampah menjadi material fungsional baru. Penelitian tindakan (action reserach) dilakukan di Kota Semarang. Populasi penelitian adalah penduduk miskin, pengambilan sampel digunakan metode snowball. Data sekunder dari berbagai institusi terkait dan data primer diungkap menggunakan angket, wawancara, dan observasi. Data dianalisis secara keruangan berdasarkan Peta Sebaran Penduduk Miskin dan digunakan Tabel Silang.Pelatihan menggunakan Model Deduktif dan Induktif secara on the job karena penduduk miskin perkotaan belum berpengalaman mengolah sampah menjadi kompos. Analisis usaha membuat kompos didapatkan nilai B/C sebesar 1,098 yang bermakna usaha efisien dan menguntungkan. Pengolahan 1 container truck sampah volume bruto 3-5 ton didapatkan produk kompos sebagai material fungsional baru (MFB) sebesar 0,3 ton per daur.  Harga jual senilai Rp. 250.000,00 berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan pendapatan Rp. 35.000 per hari mampu mengentaskan penduduk miskin ke posisi tidak miskin. Implikasi model pelatihan merupakan tindakan solutif yang edukatif dan mudah dijalankan karena penduduk diberi bekal keterampilan hidup yang berpeluang mengentaskan kemiskinan di perkotaan

The purposes of this research to create a model of urban poverty population through waste treatment training to obtain new functional materials. This action research was conducted in Semarang. The research population was the poor residents, using snowball sampling technique. Secondary data was sourced from related institutions and the primary data was exposed by questionnaire, interview, and observation. The data was analyzed in spatial based on the Distribution Map of the Poor and used Crossing-Table. The training was using Deductive and Inductive Models are used on the job because the poor are inexperienced to process waste into compost. Analysis of effort to make compost obtained value of B/C of 1.098 which means efficient and profitable. One truck container 3-5 tons gross volume of product obtained new functional materials (NFM) of 0.3 tonnes worth selling. 250,000.00 affect the increase in revenue to Rp. 35,000 per day from the sale of compost is able to alleviate the poor to non-poor position. Implications of the model training is educational and solution-action easy to implement because residents was given the opportunity of life skills provision alleviate the poverty urban areas.