Adaptation and Validation of The Work-Family Balance Scale
(1) Psychology Doctoral Program, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University
(2) Psychology Doctoral Program, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University
(3) Psychology Doctoral Program, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University
Abstract
The need for the availability of work-family balance measuring instruments in the Indonesian context is becoming an increasingly urgent thing, along with the increasing interest in research on the field of work and family. This study aims to test adapting and validating the Work-Family Balance Scale developed by Carlson, et al., (2009) into the Indonesian context. The trial was conducted on 104 women who worked as policewomen. A series of adaptation processes have been carried out, ranging from translation, equivalence testing, validation, and reliability testing. Validity of content was tested through the Content Validity Index (CVI) by involving several expert reviewers, and the validity of constructs, using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Based on this trial process, it is known that the WFB construct meets all Goodness of Fit criteria (RMSEA ≤ 0.08; SRMR ≤ 0.05; NF ≥ 0.9; CFI ≥ 0.9). In addition, Construct Reliability (CR) values > 0.87 and Average Variance Extracted (AVE) > 0.53. Thus, the WFB Scale can be used as a valid and reliable measuring tool to measure work-family balance in the Indonesian context.
Keywords: adaptation; validation; work-family balance; scale
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Anwar, H., (2010). Hubungan antara otonomi kerja, orientasi peran gender keluarga dengan keseimbangan kerja-keluarga, kepuasan kerja dan kepuasan keluarga pada perempuan yang berperan ganda (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Gadjah Mada).
Bianchi, S.M., & Milkie, M.A., (2010). Work and family research in the first decade of the 21st century. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 705-725. Doi.10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00726.x
Carlson, D.S., Kacmar, K.M., Wayne, J.H., & Grzywacz, J.G. (2006). Measuring the positive side of the work–family interface: Development and validation of a work–family enrichment scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68, 131-164. Doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2005.02.002
Carlson, D., Grzywacz, J., & Zivnuska, S. (2009). Is work–family balance more than conflict and enrichment? Human Relations, 62, 1459–1486. Doi: 10.1177/0018726709336500
Ferdinand (2014), SEM dalam Penelitian Manajemen, Edisi 5. Penerbit UNDIP
Ferguson, M., Carlson, D., Zivnuska, S., & Whitten, D. (2012) Support at work and home: The path to satisfaction through balance. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 299–307. Doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2012.01.001
Fisher-McAuley, G., Stanton, J., Jolton, J., & Gavin, J. (2003). Modeling the relationship between work life balance and organizational out comes. In Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial Organizational Psychology. Orlando, 1–26
Frone, MR, Russell, M., & Cooper, ML (1997). Relation of work– family conflict to health outcomes: A four-year longitudinal study of employed parents. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70, 325–335. Doi:10.1111/j.2044-8325.1997.tb00652.x
Frone, M.R. (2003), Work Family Balance, Handbook of occupational health psychology. Washington DC: American Psychological Association.
Ghozali, I., Fuad., (2014) Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Teori, Konsep dan Aplikasi dengan Program Lisrel 9.10. Edisi 4. Badan Penerbit Undip, Semarang.
Greenhaus, J.H. & Beutell, N.J., (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Journal The Academy of Management Review, 10 (1), 76-88. Doi:10.5465/amr.1985.4277352
Greenhaus, J.H., Collins, K.M, & Shaw. J.D. (2003). The relation between work-family balance and quality of life. Journal of Vocational Behavior 63, 510-531. Doi:10.1016/S0001-8791(02)00042-8
Greenhaus, J. H., & Allen, T. D. (2011). Work–family balance: A review and extension of the literature. In J. C. Quick & L. E. Tetrick (Eds.), Handbook of occupational health psychology, 165-183, Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
Grzywacz, J.G., & Marks, N.F. (2000). Reconceptualizing the work–family interface: An ecological perspective on the correlates of positive and negative spillover between work and family. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, 111-126. Doi:10.1037/1076-8998.5.1.111
Grzywacz, J.G, & Carlson, D.S, (2007). Conceptualizing work—family balance: Implications for practice and research. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 9(4), 455-471. Doi: 10.1177/1523422307305487
Haar, JM, Russo, M., Suñe, A., & Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2014) Outcomes of work–life balance on job satisfaction, life satisfaction and mental health: A study across seven cultures. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 361–373. Doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2014.08.010
Hair Jr, J. F., Balck, W.C., Babin, B.J., and Anderson, R.E (2010) Multivariate Data Analysis; Seventh Edition. Prentice Hall International : New York.,
Handayani, A. (2017). Model keseimbangan kerja-keluarga pada ibu bekerja (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Gadjah Mada).
Hill, EJ, Hawkins, AJ, Ferris, M., & Weitzman, M. (2001). Finding an extra day a week: The positive influence of perceived job flexibility on work and family life balance. Family Relations, 50, 49–58. Doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2001.00049.x
Huffman, A. H., Payne, S. C., & Casper, W. J. (2004). A comparative analysis of work-family balance on retention: Single earner versus dual earner family employees. In 19th Annual Meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Chicago.
International Test Commission. (2017). The ITC guidelines for translating and adapting tests (Second edition). International Journal of Testing, 18(2), 101-134. Doi:10.1080/15305058.2017.1398166
Jeanrie, C., & Bertrand, R. (1999). Translating tests with the international test commission’s guidelines: Keeping validity in mind. European Journal of Psychologyical Assessment, 15(3), 277– 283. Doi:10.1027/1015-5759.15.3.277
Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1993). LISREL 8: Structural equation modeling with the SIMPLIS command language. Scientific Software International.
Landolfi, A., & Lo Presti, A. (2020). A psychometric examination of the work-family balance scale. A multisample study on Italian workers. Current Psychology, 1-10. Doi;10.1007/s12144-020-00893-z
Losoncz, I. and Bortolotto, N. (2009). Work–life balance: The experiences of Australian working mothers. Journal of Family Studies 15(2): 122–138. Doi:10.5172/jfs.15.2.122.
Lu, J., Siu, O., Spector, P.E., and Shi, K. (2009). Antecedents and outcomes of a fourfold taxonomy of work‒family balance in Chinese employed parents. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 14(2): 182–192. Doi:10.1037/a00 14115.
Matysiak, A., Mencarini, L., and Vignoli, D. (2016). Work–family conflict moderates the relationship between childbearing and subjective well-being. European Journal of Population 32(3): 355–379. Doi:10.1007/s10680-016-9390-4
Marks, S.R., & MacDermid,S.M.(1996). Multiple roles and the self : A theory of role balance. Journal of Marriage & the family, 58, 417-432. Doi:10.2307/353506
Milkie, M.A., & Peltola, P. (1999). Playing all the roles: Gender and work-family balancing act. Journal of Marriage and Family, 61, 476-490. Doi:10.2307/353763
O'Driscoll, M., Brough, P., & Kalliath, T. (2006). Work-family conflict and facilitation. In F. Jones, RJ Burke, & M. Westman (Eds.), Work-life balance. A psychological perspective, 117–142. Doi:10.4324/9780203536810
Polit, D. F., Beck, T. C., & Owen, S. V. (2007). Focus on research methods: Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity ? Appraisal and recommendations. Research in Nursing & Health, 30(4), 459–467. Doi:10.1002/nur
Sperber, A. D. (2004). Translation and validation of study instruments for cross-cultural research. Gastroenterology, 126, 124–128. Doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2003.10.016
Valcour, M. (2007). Work-based resources as moderators of the relationship between hours and satisfaction with work-family balance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 6, 1512-1523. Doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.6.1512.
Voydanoff, P. (2004). The effects of work demands and resources on work to family conflict and facilitation. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 66, 398-412. Doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2004.00028.x
Wayne, J.H., Butts, M.M., Casper, W.J., and Allen, T.D. (2017). In search of balance: A conceptual and empirical integration of multiple meanings of work–family balance. Personnel Psychology 70(1): 167‒210. Doi:10.1111/peps.12132
White, JM (1999). Work-family stage and satisfaction with work-family balance. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 30, 163–175. Doi: 10.3138/jcfs.30.2.163
Zamanzadeh, V., Ghahramanian, A., Rassouli, M., Abbaszadeh, A., AlaviMajd, H., & Nikanfar, A.-R. (2015). Design and implementation content validity study: Development of an instrument for measuring patientcentered communication. Journal of Caring Sciences, 4(2), 165–178. Doi:10.15171/jcs.2015.017
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.