Analysis of Physical Environmental Factors Affecting the Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Magelang City

Shinta Amelia(1), Sri Ratna Rahayu(2), Yuni Wijayanti(3),




(1) Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
(2) Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia
(3) Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycrobacterium Tuberculosis which is transmitted by Tuberculosis patients with BTA (Basil Tahan Asam) (+), namely TB patients whose sputum microscopic examination found BTA bacteria. Magelang is the region with the highest pulmonary TB cases in Central Java Province for 3 consecutive years. In addition, the discovery of new cases of BTA (+) CNR also occupied the highest place for 3 consecutive years in 2015, 2016 and 2017. Even though in 2017 the number of new case finds of BTA (+) decreased drastically from the previous year, which was 284 per year. 100,000 population, but still ranked 1st CNR new cases of BTA (+).The purpose of this study was to analyze physical environmental factors that influence the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Magelang City.This study used a case control research design. The population consisted of all people who had been tested for pulmonary tuberculosis at the puskesmas. The sample consisted of 100 pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 100 non-pulmonary TB patients taken using purposive sampling technique. The instrument uses a questionnaire sheet, checklist, observation, room thermometer, hygrometer, and meter. Data analysis used Chi-square test and logistic regression test.The results of the analysis show that there is a relationship between lighting (p-value 0.043), humidity (p-value 0.045), room temperature (p-value 0.021) with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Multivariate analysis showed that room temperature was not ideal, with an OR of 0.321 which had the most influence on the incidence of pulmonary TB.The most dominant physical environmental factor is room temperature which is not ideal. From several related physical environmental factors, it is necessary to provide detailed information regarding pulmonary tuberculosis so as to maintain a clean and healthy environment.

Keywords

pulmonary tuberculosis, risk factors, physical environment

Full Text:

PDF

References

Alvaro-Meca, A., Diaz, A., miguel Diez, J. de, Resino, R., & Resino, S. (2016). Environmental Factors Related to Pulmonary Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Patients in the Combined Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) Era. PLoS ONE, 11(1), 1–14.

Azzahra, Z. (2017). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Penyakit Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Muliorejo Kecamatan Sunggal Kabupaten Deli Serdang Tahun 2017.

Dewi, N. K. S., & Yulianti, A. E. (2019). Hubungan Kualitas Fisik Rumah dengan Kejadian TBC Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan Tahun 2018. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan, 9(1), 38–55.

Fahreza, E. U., Waluyo, H., & Novitasari, A. (2012). Hubungan antara Kualitas Fisik Rumah dan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru dengan Basil Tahan Asam positif di Balai Kesehatan Paru Masyarakat Semarang. Jurnal Kedokteran Muhammadiyah, 1(2), 9–13.

GBD Tuberculosis Collaborators. (2018). The Global Burden of Tuberculosis: Results from The Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet Infect Dis, 18(3), 261–284.

Giri, N., Chavan, S., Heda, R., Israni, R., & Sethiya, R. (2019). Disease Migration, Mitigation, and Containment: Impact of Climatic Conditions & Air Quality on Tuberculosis for India. IEEE Pune Section International Conference (PuneCon), 18(20), 1–6.

Hadifah, Z., Manik, U. A., Zulhaida, A., & Wilya, V. (2017). Gambaran Penderita Tuberkulosis Paru di Tiga Puskesmas Wilayah Kerja Kabupaten Pidie Propinsi Aceh. SEL Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan, 4(1), 33–44.

Jafta, N., Barregard, L., Jeena, P. M., & Naidoo, R. N. (2017). Indoor Air Quality of Low and Middle Income Urban Households in Durban, South Africa. Environmental Research, 156(3), 47–56.

Kajal, N. C., Bhushan, B., Aggarwal, R., Gupta, S., & Duggal, S. (2015). Socio-Demographic Profile and Basal Metabolic Index Characteristics of Patients with Pulmory Tuberculosis and Their Treatment Outcome in Medical College Hospital, Amritsar, India. Jof Evolution of Med and Dent Sci, 4(20), 3462–3472.

Kemenkes RI. (2011). Pedoman Nasional Pengendalian Tuberkulosis. Jakarta: Depkes.

Mudiyono, W, N. E., & Adi, M. S. (2015). Hubungan antara Perilaku Ibu dan Lingkungan Fisik Rumah dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru Anak di Kota Pekalongan. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia, 14(2), 45–50.

Oktavia, S., Mutahar, R., & Destriatania, S. (2016). Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian TB Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kertapati Palembang. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, 7(2), 124–138.

Pradita, E. R., Suhartono, & Dewanti, N. A. (2018). Kondisi Faktor Fisik Rumah yang terkait dengan Tuberkulosis Paru di Puskesmas Bandarharjo Kota Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (E-Journal), 6(6), 94–103.

Prihartanti, D., Subagiyo, A., & Suparmin. (2017). Hubungan Lingkungan Fisik Rumah dengan Kejadian TB Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Mirit Kabupaten Kebumen Tahun 2016. Buletin Keslingmas (Buletin Kesehatan Lingkungan Masyarakat), 36(4), 386–392.

Sun, W., Gong, J., Zhou, J., Zhao, Y., Tan, J., Ibrahim, A. N., & Zhou, Y. (2015). A Spatial, Social and Environmental Study of Tuberculosis in China Using Statistical and GIS Technology. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Helath, 12(1), 1425–1448.

Supriyono, D. (2003). Lingkungan Fisik Rumah sebagai Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Penyakit TB Paru BTA Positif di Kecmatan Ciampea Kabupaten Bogor Tahun 2002. Universitas Indonesia.

WHO. (2013). Global Strategy and Targets for Tuberculosis Prevention Care and Control. Geneva: WHO.

WHO. (2016). Global Tuberculosis Report. Geneva: WHO.

Wulandari, A. A., Nurjazuli, & Adi, M. S. (2015). Faktor Risiko dan Potensi Penularan Tuberkulosis Paru di Kabupaten Kendal, Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia, 14(1), 7–13.

Zulaikhah, S. T., Ratnawati, Sulastri, N., Nurkhikmah, E., & Lestari, N. D. (2019). Hubungan Pengetahuan, Perilaku dan Lingkungan Rumah dengan Kejadian Transmisi Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Bandarharjo Semarang. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia, 18(2),81–88.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


View My Stats