Kandungan Timbal, Debu di Udara dan Daun Tanaman Peneduh di Kota Semarang

Abstract

Kota Semarang merupakan ibukota Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Gas buang kendaraan bermotor merupakan sumber utama timbal yang mencemari udara. Beberapa jalan protokol di Kota Semarang ditanami tanaman peneduh yang berfungsi untuk menjerap polutan yang ada di udara. Akumulasi timbal pada daun tanaman lebih banyak terdapat pada tanaman yang tumbuh di pinggir jalan besar yang padat kendaraan bermotor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kandungan timbal, debu dan mengetahui struktur mikroanatomi stomata daun tanaman peneduh di Kota Semarang. Pengambilan sampel debu dan penentuan kandungan debu di udara dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 19-7119.3-2005 sedangkan penentuan kandungan timbal di udara dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 6989.8:2009. Sampel daun diambil pada bagian yang sudah tua, menghadap ke jalan raya dan terdapat pada ketinggian 2-5 meter dari permukaan jalan dengan metode random sampling. Menganalisis kandungan timbal di daun dengan menggunakan metode SNI 19-2896-1992. Analisa kandungan debu di daun menggunakan metode pengurangan berat. Penetapan kadar timbal pada tanah dilakukan berdasarkan SNI 06-6992.3-2004. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil, pencemaran udara mempunyai hubungan terhadap akumulasi zat pencemar dalam daun tanaman peneduh. Semakin tinggi kandungan zat pencemar di udara, semakin banyak pula akumulasinya pada daun tanaman peneduh.

Semarang city is the capital of Central Java province. Motor vehicle exhaust is a major source of lead that pollute the air. Some of the main streets in the city of Semarang planted shade plant that serves to adsorb the pollutants in the air. Accumulation of lead in plant leaves is more prevalent in plants that grow in large roadside dense motor vehicle. This study aimed to analyze the content of lead, dust and to know the structure of the leaf stomata mikroanatomi shade plant in Semarang. Sampling of dust and determination of dust content in the air is done by SNI 19-7119.3-2005 whereas the determination of the lead content in conducted by ISO 6989.8: 2009. Leaf samples were taken at the old, facing the highway and are at a height of 2-5 meters from the road surface by the method of random sampling. Analyze the lead content in the leaves by using methods SNI 19-2896-1992. Analysis of the dust content in the leaves using the method of weight reduction. Determination of lead content in the soil is done by SNI 06-6992.3-2004. The results showed the result, air pollution has been associated with the accumulation of contaminants in plant leaves shade. The higher the content of pollutants in the air, the more accumulation on plant leaves shade.