EFEKTIVITAS SUBSTITUSI SITOKININ DENGAN AIR KELAPA PADA MULTIPLIKASI TUNAS KRISAN SECARA IN VITRO

Abstract

Krisan (Chrysanthemum indicum L) merupakan salah satu komoditas bunga potong yang sangat digemari di Indonesia. Keindahan warna dan variasi bentuk bunga serta tingkat kelayuan yang rendah menyebabkan krisan banyak diminati. Minimnya pengadaan dan kualitas bibit merupakan salah satu masalah yang ada di lapangan. Perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk meningkatkan jumlah dan kualitas bibit krisan agar dapat memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian eksperimental. Sampel yang digunakan berupa meristem lateral, menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAK) dengan dua faktorial. Faktor pertama konsentrasi air kelapa (5%,10%,15%,20% & 25%), sedangkan faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi benzil adenin (BA) (0 ppm, 0.5 ppm, 1 ppm & 1.5 ppm). Multiplikasi krisan diukur berdasarkan tiga parameter pengamatan: tinggi eksplan, jumlah tunas & daun. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data ANAVA dua jalan dengan uji lanjut beda nyata terkecil (BNT). BA berpengaruh signifikan terhadap jumlah tunas dan jumlah daun namun tidak signifikan terhadap tinggi tunas, air kelapa berpengaruh signifikan terhadap semua parameter pengamatan. Multiplikasi tunas yang optimal dianjurkan untuk menggunakan interaksi BA 0.5 ppm dengan 10% air kelapa

 

Chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum L ) was one of the most popular cut flower commodity in Indonesia. The popularity of this flower was caused by the beauty of various petals color and flower shape as well as high level of flower freshness. The lack of high quality seed provision was one of the problems which are currently existed. Based on that problem, it was urgent to conduct a research in order to improve the quantity and quality of chrysanthemum seedlings as well as fulfilling the market demand. This research was categorized as experimental research. The sample used in this study was lateral meristem of Chrysanthemum and the design used was a complete randomized design (RBD) with two factorials. The first factor was the concentration of coconut water (coconut endosperm) which was; 5%, 10 % , 15 % , 20 % & 25 %. While the second factor wass the concentration of benzyl adenine ( BA ) which was; 0 ppm, 0.5 ppm 1 ppm and 1.5 ppm ). Chrysanthemum multiplication was measured using three observations parameters; the height of explants, the number of shoots and leaves. Data were analyzed by using two- way ANOVA and using least significant difference (BNT) as the further test. The results of study that BA had significant effect on the number of shoots and leaves but has no significant effect on shoot height, while coconut water had significant effect on all observation parameters. In order to accelerate the multiplication of shoots and leaves of chrysanthemum, it was recommended to use the combination of BA 0.5 ppm with 10 % coconut water.