THE USE OF STUDENT TEAM – ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION PRACTICE
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
Located in junior high school (SMP) 35 Semarang, this study applied STAD in giving solution to students’ problems in reading comprehension. Those problems were written in three statements: first, what the problems in reading comprehension faced by the eighth graders of SMP 35 Semarang were; second, how to implement this strategy in the practice of reading comprehension; and third, how STAD could improve the practice of reading comprehension to the eighth graders of junior high school. The method used in this study was qualitative. The data was gained through observing, giving questionnaire, and interviewing students. The major problem was the students had low achievement and motivation which was stimulated by the lack of having effective practice. Therefore, improving their practice was the way to solve the problems. Using STAD in the practices were done in three cycles covering materials’ arrangement and behavior improvement which stimulated better condition for studying. This condition affected students’ extrinsic motivation and behavior for studying. After three cycles, this strategy helped the students have behavior improvement and higher achievement.
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
References
Brown, H.D. 2000. Principles of Language Learning and Teaching. 4th eds. New York: Longman
Dorn, L.J., and Soffos, C. 2005. Teaching for Deep Comprehension: A Reading Workshop Approach. Portland, Maine: Stenhouse Publishers.
Jacobs, G.M., Lee, G.S., and Ball, J. 1997. Learning Cooperative Learning via Cooperative Learning. Singapore: Kagan Cooperative Learning.
Jacobsen, D., Eggen, P., and Kauchak, D. 1989. Methods for Teaching (A Skills Approach). Ohio: Merrill Publishing Company.
Johnson, D. W., Johnson, R.T., and Smith, K. A. 1998. Cooperative Learning Returns To College: What Evidence Is There That It Works? Change, July/August 1998, pp. 27-35. Http://www.uprm.edu/cep/pdf_talleres/CooperativeLearning_1[1].pdf. Accessed on 31 January 2013.
Kronowitz, E.L. 2008. The Teachers Guide to Success. Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.
McNamara, D.S. 2007. Reading Comprehension Strategies (Theories, Intervention, and Technologies). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Moreillon, J. 2007. Collaborative Strategies for Teaching Reading Comprehension. Chicago: American Library Association
Norman, D.G. 2005. Using STAD in an EFL Elementary School Classroom in South Korea: Effects on Student Achievement, Motivation, and Attitudes toward Cooperative Learning. Asian EFL Journal, Master’s Research Paper. Http//www.asian-efl-journal.com/Norman_thesis_2006.pdf. Downloaded on 11 October 2012.
Pressley, M. 2000. What Should Comprehension Instruction Be the Instruction Of? Handbook of Reading Research Vol. 3. Eds David Pearson. New Jersey: Lawrence Elbaum
Snow, C. (2002). Reading for Understanding: Toward a Research and Development Program in Reading Comprehension. Arlington, VA: RAND.
Rahvard, Z.J. 2010. Cooperative Learning Strategies and Reading Comprehension. California Linguistic Notes. Volume XXXV No. 2 Spring 2010. http://hss.fullerton.edu/linguistics/cln/SP10PDF/Rahvard-Coop-ED.pdf. Accessed on 16 October 2012.
Wichadee, S. 2006. The Effects of Cooperative Learning on English Reading Skills and Attitudes of the First-Year Students at Bangkok University. Http: //www.kj.fme.vutbr.cz/lsp/soubory/lsp2006.pdf. Accessed on 16 October 2012