Reduksi Bullying di Sekolah dengan Konsep Karep Suryomentaram
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Abstract
Permasalahan bullying merupakan permasalahan yang sudah lama terjadi dan terjadi diberbagai Negara di dunia. Sampai saat ini permasalahan bullying di sekolah masih merupakan masalah yang sering muncul bahkan bentuk perilakunya juga bertambah misalnya cyber bullying. Di Indonesia masalah ini juga menjadi hal yang masih selalu ada di sekolah dan berbagai upaya telah banyak dilakukan dalam mengatasi bullying. Beberapa upaya penanganan menggunakan pendekatan dan teori dari Barat sehingga perlu ada terobosan menggunakan teori asli Indonesia. Konsep karep dari Suryomentaram menjadi salah satu alternative untuk mereduksi bullying. Guru BK maupun guru kelas dapat menggunakan konsep mawas diri dan junggringan dalam memahami karep pelaku, korban dan saksi dari kasus bullying. Prinsip utama dalam pelaksanan pemahaman karep ini adalah kandha-takon. Guru BK maupun peneliti perlu mengaplikasikan konsep memahami karep dengan mawas diri dan junggringan tersebut agar menemukan format yang efektif dan efisien.
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How to Cite
Widiharto, C. (2022). Reduksi Bullying di Sekolah dengan Konsep Karep Suryomentaram. Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling: Theory and Application, 11(Special Ed), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.15294/ijgc.v11i2.60834
References
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Amini, Y. S. J. (2008). Bullying: Mengatasi Kekerasan di Sekolah dan Lingkungan Sekitar Anak (A. Nusantara (ed.)). PT Grasindo.
Bosworth, K., Espelage, D. L., & Simon, T. R. (1999). Factors Associated with Bullying Behavior in Middle School Students. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 19(3), 341–362. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431699019003003
Buhs, E. S., Ladd, G. W., & Herald, S. L. (2006). Peer exclusion and victimization: Processes that mediate the relation between peer group rejection and children’s classroom engagement and achievement? Journal of Educational Psychology, 98(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.98.1.1
Cheng, Y.-Y., Chen, L.-M., Ho, H.-C., & Cheng, C.-L. (2011). Definitions of school bullying in Taiwan: A comparison of multiple perspectives. School Psychology International, 32(3), 227–243. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034311404130
Dake, J. a., Price, J. H., Telljohann, S. K., & Funk, J. B. (2003). Teacher Perceptions and Practices Regarding School Bullying Prevention. Journal of School Health, 73(9), 347–355. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2003.tb04191.x
Ediyono, S., Rondli, W. S., Lazzavietamsi, F. A., Ito, A. I., & Rafzan, R. (2018). The Conception of Building an Independent Soul Citizen according to Ki Ageng Suryomentaram. 251(Acec), 238–241. https://doi.org/10.2991/acec-18.2018.56
Feist, J., & Feist, G. . (2010). Teori Kepribadian. Theories of Personality. Salemba Humanika.
Frey, K. S., Hirschstein, M. K., Edstrom, L. V., & Snell, J. L. (2009). Observed reductions in school bullying, nonbullying aggression, and destructive bystander behavior: A longitudinal evaluation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 101(2), 466–481. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013839
Gularso, D., Sugito, & Zamroni. (2019). What Kind of Relationship Is between Ki Ageng Suryomentaram and Ki Hadjar Dewantara? : Two Figures of Indonesian Education. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1254(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1254/1/012003
Husky, M. M., Delbasty, E., Bitfoi, A., Carta, M. G., Goelitz, D., Koç, C., Lesinskiene, S., Mihova, Z., Otten, R., & Kovess-Masfety, V. (2020). Bullying involvement and self-reported mental health in elementary school children across Europe. Child Abuse and Neglect, 107(June), 104601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104601
Jayani, D. H. (2019). PISA: Murid Korban “Bully” di Indonesia Tertinggi Kelima di Dunia. Databoks Katadata. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublishembed/113940
Kamal, F., & Wahyuningrum, Z. I. (2017). Aktualisasi Ajaran Ki Ageng Suryomentaram Sebagai Basis Pendidikan Karakter. Pancar, 1(2), 9–20.
Kholik, A., & Himam, F. (2015). Konsep Psikoterapi Kawruh Jiwa Ki Ageng Suryomentaram. Jurnal Psikologi UGM, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.7349
Mayasari, A., Hadi, S., & Kuswandi, D. (2019). Tindak Perundungan di Sekolah Dasar dan Upaya Mengatasinya. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 1, No. 3, 399–406. http://journal.um.ac.id/index.php/jptpp/
Mufrihah, A. (2016). Perundungan Reaktif di Sekolah Dasar dan Intervensi Berbasis Nuansa Sekolah. Jurnal Psikologi, 43(2), 135. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.15441
Murray-Harvey, R., & Slee, P. (2006). Australian and Japanese School Student’ Experience of School Bullying and Victimization: Associations with Stress, Support and School Belonging. International Journal on Violence and School.
Olweus, D. (1997). Bully / victimproblems in school. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 7(4), 495–510.
Rigby, K. (2002). New Perspectives on Bullying. Jessica Kingsley Publishers Ltd.
Schwartz, D., Gorman, A. H., Nakamoto, J., & Toblin, R. L. (2005). Victimization in the Peer Group and Children’s Academic Functioning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 97(3), 425–435. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.97.3.425
Shoham, D. A., Wang, Z., Lindberg, S., Chu, H., Brubaker, L., Brady, S. S., Coyne-Beasley, T., Fitzgerald, C. M., Gahagan, S., Harlow, B. L., Joinson, C., Low, L. K., Markland, A. D., Newman, D. K., Smith, A. L., Stapleton, A., Sutcliffe, S., & Berry, A. (2020).
School Toileting Environment, Bullying, and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in a Population of Adolescent and Young Adult Girls: Preventing Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Consortium Analysis of Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Urology, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.060
Smith, P. K., Cowie, H., Olafsson, R. R., & Liefooghe, A. P. (2002). Definitions of bullying: A comparison of terms used, and age and gender differences, in a Fourteen–Country international comparison. Child Development, 73(4), 1119–1133. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00461
Smith, P. K., Talamelli, L., Cowie, H., Naylor, P., & Chauhan, P. (2004). Profiles of non-victims , escaped victims , continuing victims and new victims of school bullying. 565–581.
Soedjatmiko, S., Nurhamzah, W., Maureen, A., & Wiguna, T. (2016). Gambaran Bullying dan Hubungannya dengan Masalah Emosi dan Perilaku pada Anak Sekolah Dasar. Sari Pediatri, 15(3), 174. https://doi.org/10.14238/sp15.3.2013.174-80
Sugiarto, R. (2015). Psikologi Raos, Saintifikasi Kawruh Jiwa Ki Ageng Suryomentaram. Pustaka Ifada.
Sumbodo, H., & Koentjoro, K. (2019). Ngudari Reribet: Mulur-Mungkret dan Tatag Janda Muda Ditinggal Mati dalam Perspektif Ki Ageng Suryomentaram. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP), 4(2), 158. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.46362
Widiharto, C. A. (2020). Peran Guru dan Sekolah dalam Reduksi Bullying di Sekolah. In M. Widjanarko (Ed.), MEMBUMIKAN PSIKOLOGI: IMPLEMENTASI DI MASYARAKAT (pp. 45–57). Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata.
Wolke, D., Woods, S., Stanford, K., & Schulz, H. (2001). Bullying and victimization of primary school children in England and Germany: Prevalence and school factors. British Journal of Psychology, 92(4), 673–696. https://doi.org/10.1348/000712601162419
Yen, C. F., Yang, P., Wang, P. W., Lin, H. C., Liu, T. L., Wu, Y. Y., & Tang, T. C. (2014). Association between school bullying levels/types and mental health problems among Taiwanese adolescents. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 55(3), 405–413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.06.001
Zubair, A. C. (2016). “Wasis Lantip Waskita” Tataran Etika Epistemik Jawa: Reinterpretasi Dan Relevansi Gagasan Ki Ageng Suryomentaram. Etika Respons, 21(02), 1–34. http://ojs.atmajaya.ac.id/index.php/ppe/article/view/902
Amini, Y. S. J. (2008). Bullying: Mengatasi Kekerasan di Sekolah dan Lingkungan Sekitar Anak (A. Nusantara (ed.)). PT Grasindo.
Bosworth, K., Espelage, D. L., & Simon, T. R. (1999). Factors Associated with Bullying Behavior in Middle School Students. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 19(3), 341–362. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431699019003003
Buhs, E. S., Ladd, G. W., & Herald, S. L. (2006). Peer exclusion and victimization: Processes that mediate the relation between peer group rejection and children’s classroom engagement and achievement? Journal of Educational Psychology, 98(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.98.1.1
Cheng, Y.-Y., Chen, L.-M., Ho, H.-C., & Cheng, C.-L. (2011). Definitions of school bullying in Taiwan: A comparison of multiple perspectives. School Psychology International, 32(3), 227–243. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034311404130
Dake, J. a., Price, J. H., Telljohann, S. K., & Funk, J. B. (2003). Teacher Perceptions and Practices Regarding School Bullying Prevention. Journal of School Health, 73(9), 347–355. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1746-1561.2003.tb04191.x
Ediyono, S., Rondli, W. S., Lazzavietamsi, F. A., Ito, A. I., & Rafzan, R. (2018). The Conception of Building an Independent Soul Citizen according to Ki Ageng Suryomentaram. 251(Acec), 238–241. https://doi.org/10.2991/acec-18.2018.56
Feist, J., & Feist, G. . (2010). Teori Kepribadian. Theories of Personality. Salemba Humanika.
Frey, K. S., Hirschstein, M. K., Edstrom, L. V., & Snell, J. L. (2009). Observed reductions in school bullying, nonbullying aggression, and destructive bystander behavior: A longitudinal evaluation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 101(2), 466–481. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013839
Gularso, D., Sugito, & Zamroni. (2019). What Kind of Relationship Is between Ki Ageng Suryomentaram and Ki Hadjar Dewantara? : Two Figures of Indonesian Education. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1254(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1254/1/012003
Husky, M. M., Delbasty, E., Bitfoi, A., Carta, M. G., Goelitz, D., Koç, C., Lesinskiene, S., Mihova, Z., Otten, R., & Kovess-Masfety, V. (2020). Bullying involvement and self-reported mental health in elementary school children across Europe. Child Abuse and Neglect, 107(June), 104601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104601
Jayani, D. H. (2019). PISA: Murid Korban “Bully” di Indonesia Tertinggi Kelima di Dunia. Databoks Katadata. https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublishembed/113940
Kamal, F., & Wahyuningrum, Z. I. (2017). Aktualisasi Ajaran Ki Ageng Suryomentaram Sebagai Basis Pendidikan Karakter. Pancar, 1(2), 9–20.
Kholik, A., & Himam, F. (2015). Konsep Psikoterapi Kawruh Jiwa Ki Ageng Suryomentaram. Jurnal Psikologi UGM, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.7349
Mayasari, A., Hadi, S., & Kuswandi, D. (2019). Tindak Perundungan di Sekolah Dasar dan Upaya Mengatasinya. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 1, No. 3, 399–406. http://journal.um.ac.id/index.php/jptpp/
Mufrihah, A. (2016). Perundungan Reaktif di Sekolah Dasar dan Intervensi Berbasis Nuansa Sekolah. Jurnal Psikologi, 43(2), 135. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.15441
Murray-Harvey, R., & Slee, P. (2006). Australian and Japanese School Student’ Experience of School Bullying and Victimization: Associations with Stress, Support and School Belonging. International Journal on Violence and School.
Olweus, D. (1997). Bully / victimproblems in school. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 7(4), 495–510.
Rigby, K. (2002). New Perspectives on Bullying. Jessica Kingsley Publishers Ltd.
Schwartz, D., Gorman, A. H., Nakamoto, J., & Toblin, R. L. (2005). Victimization in the Peer Group and Children’s Academic Functioning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 97(3), 425–435. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.97.3.425
Shoham, D. A., Wang, Z., Lindberg, S., Chu, H., Brubaker, L., Brady, S. S., Coyne-Beasley, T., Fitzgerald, C. M., Gahagan, S., Harlow, B. L., Joinson, C., Low, L. K., Markland, A. D., Newman, D. K., Smith, A. L., Stapleton, A., Sutcliffe, S., & Berry, A. (2020).
School Toileting Environment, Bullying, and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in a Population of Adolescent and Young Adult Girls: Preventing Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Consortium Analysis of Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Urology, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.060
Smith, P. K., Cowie, H., Olafsson, R. R., & Liefooghe, A. P. (2002). Definitions of bullying: A comparison of terms used, and age and gender differences, in a Fourteen–Country international comparison. Child Development, 73(4), 1119–1133. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00461
Smith, P. K., Talamelli, L., Cowie, H., Naylor, P., & Chauhan, P. (2004). Profiles of non-victims , escaped victims , continuing victims and new victims of school bullying. 565–581.
Soedjatmiko, S., Nurhamzah, W., Maureen, A., & Wiguna, T. (2016). Gambaran Bullying dan Hubungannya dengan Masalah Emosi dan Perilaku pada Anak Sekolah Dasar. Sari Pediatri, 15(3), 174. https://doi.org/10.14238/sp15.3.2013.174-80
Sugiarto, R. (2015). Psikologi Raos, Saintifikasi Kawruh Jiwa Ki Ageng Suryomentaram. Pustaka Ifada.
Sumbodo, H., & Koentjoro, K. (2019). Ngudari Reribet: Mulur-Mungkret dan Tatag Janda Muda Ditinggal Mati dalam Perspektif Ki Ageng Suryomentaram. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology (GamaJoP), 4(2), 158. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajop.46362
Widiharto, C. A. (2020). Peran Guru dan Sekolah dalam Reduksi Bullying di Sekolah. In M. Widjanarko (Ed.), MEMBUMIKAN PSIKOLOGI: IMPLEMENTASI DI MASYARAKAT (pp. 45–57). Universitas Katolik Soegijapranata.
Wolke, D., Woods, S., Stanford, K., & Schulz, H. (2001). Bullying and victimization of primary school children in England and Germany: Prevalence and school factors. British Journal of Psychology, 92(4), 673–696. https://doi.org/10.1348/000712601162419
Yen, C. F., Yang, P., Wang, P. W., Lin, H. C., Liu, T. L., Wu, Y. Y., & Tang, T. C. (2014). Association between school bullying levels/types and mental health problems among Taiwanese adolescents. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 55(3), 405–413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.06.001
Zubair, A. C. (2016). “Wasis Lantip Waskita” Tataran Etika Epistemik Jawa: Reinterpretasi Dan Relevansi Gagasan Ki Ageng Suryomentaram. Etika Respons, 21(02), 1–34. http://ojs.atmajaya.ac.id/index.php/ppe/article/view/902