Reformulation of the Criminal Justice System for Children in Conflict Based on Pancasila Justice
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Dec 20, 2022
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Abstract
The writing of this paper aims to examine the policy of the criminal justice system for children in conflict with the law and reformulation of the criminal justice system for children in conflict with the Pancasila justice. The main problem in writing this paper is that why it is considered important to reform the criminal justice system for children in conflict with the law based on Pancasila justice? This study uses secondary data by analyzing the laws of the juvenile justice system in Indonesia and comparing them to the laws and regulations regarding the juvenile justice system in Greece and Yoslavia. The results of the study found that the age requirement for criminal responsibility for children is too low, namely 12 (twelve) years and the terms of diversion, that the threat of criminal acts that can be carried out by diversion and not repetition of criminal acts is not in line with the aim of diversion, namely to prosper and achieve the best interests of children such as recommended by the Convention on the Right of the Child and The Beijing Rules. Therefore, it is important to reformulate/reformulate immediately regarding these diversion requirements. The conclusion of this paper emphasizes the importance of reformulating the criminal justice system for children in conflict with the law (the criminal child) based on Pancasila justice.
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Rasdi, R., Pujiyono, P., Rochaeti, N., & Rehulina, R. (2022). Reformulation of the Criminal Justice System for Children in Conflict Based on Pancasila Justice. Lex Scientia Law Review, 6(2), 479-518. https://doi.org/10.15294/lesrev.v6i2.58320
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References
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Anwar, Mashuril, and M Ridho Wijaya. “Fungsionalisasi Dan Implikasi Asas Kepentingan Terbaik Bagi Anak Yang Berkonflik dengan Hukum: Studi Putusan Pengadilan Tinggi Tanjung Karang.” Undang: Jurnal Hukum 2, No. 2 (2020): 265–92. https://doi.org/10.22437/ujh.2.2.265-292.
Aradhana, Abdiel Abraar Arya, and Charles Sahalatua Pangaribuan. “Cyberbullying in Media Social: A Mainstreaming the Victim Protection Principles in Indonesian Criminal Justice System”. Indonesia Media Law Review 1, No. 2 (2022): 99-122. https://doi.org/10.15294/imrev.v1i2.60587.
Arief, Hanafi, and Ningrum Ambarsari. "Penerapan Prinsip Restorative Justice dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana di Indonesia." Al-Adl: Jurnal Hukum 10, No. 2 (2018): 173-190.
Atilola, Olayinka, Gbonjubola Abiri, and Bolanle Ola. “Psychiatric Morbidity among Adolescents and Youth Involved with the Juvenile Justice System in Sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic Scoping Review of Current Studies and Research Gaps.” International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 73, No. November (2020): 101633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2020.101633.
DITJENPAS. “Ditjen PAS - SDP Publik,” n.d. http://sdppublik.ditjenpas.go.id/.
Erdianti, Ratri Novita, and Sholahuddin Al-Fatih. “Fostering as an Alternative Sanction for Juveniles in the Perspective of Child Protection in Indonesia”. JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) 4, No. 1 (2019): 119-128. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v4i01.29315.
Fauzan, Uzair, and Heru Prasetyo. Teori Keadilan,Dasar-Dasar Filsafat Politik Untuk Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan Sosial Nagara. (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2019).
Gray, Patricia. “‘Child Friendly’ International Human Rights Standards and Youth Offending Team Partnerships.” International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice 45 (2016): 59–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2015.11.001.
Gxubane, Thulane. “Facilitation of Residential Diversion Programmes for Youth Sex Offenders in South Africa.” Southern African Journal of Social Work and Social Development 31, No. 2 (2019). https://doi.org/10.25159/2415-5829/4448.
Ikbal, Muhammad. “Implementation of Discretion Perspective of Penal Policy (Study of Yogyakarta Police Department)”. JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) 3, No. 1 (2018): 75-92. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v3i01.23208.
Karmilia, Rise, and Dani Kurniawansyah. "Kebijakan Sistem Pemidanaan Dalam Upaya Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Anak Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana." Journal of Juridische Analyse 1, No. 1 (2022): 1-13.
Latif, Yudi. "Pancasila Sebagai Norma Fundamental Negara". Paper Seminar Nasional Dies 73 FH UGM) 18 February 2019.
L. Tanya, Bernard, and Theodoro Yosep Parera. Pancasila Bingkai Hukum Indonesia. (Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing, 2015).
Marbun, Rocky. “Grand Design Politik Hukum Pidana dan Sistem Hukum Pidana Indonesia Berdasarkan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945.” Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) 1, No. 3 (2014): 558–77. https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v1n3.a8.
Marbun, Rocky. Politik Hukum Pidana dan Sistem Hukum Pidana di Indonesia. (Malang: Setara Press, 2019).
Merzagora, Isabella, Alberto Amadasi, Alberto Blandino, and Guido Travaini. “The Expert and the Foreigner: Reflections of Forensic Transcultural Psychopathology on a Total of 86 Reports by Experts on Criminal Liability.” International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 57 (2018): 24–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2017.12.005.
Muladi, Muladi. Hak Asasi Manusia, Politik dan Sistem Peradilan Pidana. (Semarang: Badan Penerbit UNDIP, 2002).
Muladi, Muladi and Diah Sulistyani. Kompleksitas Perkembangan Tindak Pidana dan Kebijakan Kriminal. (Bandung: Alumni, 2016).
Mutiara Nelson, Febby. Sistem Peradilan Pidana dan Penanggulangan Korupsi di Indonesia. (Depok: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2020).
Najih, Mokhammad. “Indonesian Penal Policy: Toward Indonesian Criminal Law Reform Based on Pancasila”. JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) 3, No. 2 (2018): 149-174. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v3i02.27510.
Nawawi Arief, Barda. Kebijakan Formulasi Ketentuan Pidana dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan. (Semarang: Badan Penerbit Undip, 2016).
Nawawi Arief, Barda. Beberapa Masalah Perbandingan Hukum Pidana. (Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2003).
Nawawi Arief, Barda. Bunga Rampai Kebijakan Hukum Pidana :Perkembangan Penyusunan Konsep KUHP Baru. (Jakarta: Prenada Media Group, 2017).
Nawawi Arief, Barda. Kapita Selekta Hukum Pidana. (Semarang: Badan Penerbit Undip, 2019).
Nawawi Arief, Barda. Pembangunan Sistem Hukum Nasonal Indonesia. (Semarang: Pustaka Magister, 2012).
Nawawi Arief, Barda. Tujuan dan Pedoman Pemidanaan: Perspektif Pembaharuan dan Perbandingan Hukum Pidana. (Semarang: Badan Penerbit Undip, 2017).
Nurdjana, IGM. Sistem Hukum Pidana dan Bahaya Laten Korupsi,Perspektif Tegaknya Keadilan Melawan Mafia Hukum. (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2010).
Peter, Mahmud Marzuki. Penelitian Hukum. (Jakarta: Kencana, 2021).
Prakoso, Abintoro. Hukum Perlindungan Anak. (Yogyakarta: LaksBang Pressindo, 2016).
Pujiyono, Pujiyono. Rekonstruksi Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia. (Semarang: Pustaka Magister, 2012).
Purwati, Ani. Keadilan Restoratif & Diversi Dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Tindak Pidana Anak. (Surabaya: Jakad Media Publishing, 2020).
Rasdi, Rasdi. “Criminal Justice System Model to Protect Rights of Children in Coflict with Law.” South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law 9, No. 4 (2016): 24–29.
Rasdi, Rasdi. Kebijakan Pidana Pengawasan dalam Hukum Pidana Anak di Indonesia. (Semarang: Unnes Press, 2013).
Rasdi, Rasdi. Perlindungan Berkonflik dengan Hukum. (Semarang: BPFH UNNES, 2021).
Rasdi, Rasdi and Saru Arifin. “Model of Diversion and Its Implementation In The Criminal Justice System.” International Journal of Business, Economics and Law 11, No. 4 (2016): 88.
Rasjidi, Lili, and Liza Sonia Rasjidi. Dasar-Dasar Filsafat Dan Teori Hukum. (Bandung: Citra Aditya Bhakti, 2019).
Ravena, Dey, and Kristian. Kebijkan Kriminal. (Jakarta: Kencana, 2017).
Sambas, Nandang. Pembaharuan Sistem Pemidanaan Anak di Indonesia. (Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu, 2010).
Sibisi, Muntuwenkosi, and Ajwang’ Warria. “Challenges Experienced by Probation Officers Working with Children in Conflict with the Law in the Johannesburg Metro Region (South Africa).” Children and Youth Services Review 113, No. March (2020): 104949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104949.
Soekanto, Soerjono, and Sri Mamudji. Penelitian Hukum Normatif Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. (Depok: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2018).
Suadi, H Amran. Filsafat Hukum: Refleksi Fulsafat Pancasila, Hak Asasi Manusia dan Etika. (Jakarta: Prenada Media Group, 2019).
Suteki, Suteki and Galang Taufani. Metodologi Penelitian Hukum (Filsafat,Teori dan Praktek). (Depok: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2018).
Syakirin, Ahmad. "Formulasi/Model Sistem Pemidanaan Anak di Indonesia." Mimbar Yustitia 2, No.2 (2018): 121-141.
Wahyudi, Setyo. Implementasi Ide Diversi dalam Pembaharuan System Peradilan Pidana Anak di Indonesia. (Yogyakarta: Genta Publishing, 2014).
Yuliawati, Irma. “Comparison of Rechterlijk Pardon Concept on 2019 Criminal Code Draft and Article 70 Law Number 11 of 2012 Concerning Juvenile Criminal Justice System”. Journal of Law and Legal Reform 2, No. 4 (2021): 603-622. https://doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v2i4.48368.