The Contribution of Hemoglobin Levels to Students’ Physical Fitness Quantitative research
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Abstract
This study was based on the low students’ physical fitness. This is due to various factors, one of which is the level of hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood. This study aims to determine the contribution of hemoglobin levels to students’ physical fitness. This research is classified into the type of quantitative research using a correlational research design that aims to investigate how far the relationship of variables obtained relates to other variables based on the magnitude of correlation coefficient. This study will see the relationship between hemoglobin levels as an independent variable (X) with physical fitness as the dependent variable (Y). The samples of this study were 56 active students. The instrument used to measure Hemoglobin levels is the sahli method, and to measure physical fitness is used Multi Stage Fitness Test (MSFT). The results of this study indicate that hemoglobin (Hb) levels have a significant relationship with students’physical fitness, where hemoglobin levels contribute 9.72% to students’ physical fitness.
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References
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Chen, W., Mason, S., Hammond-Bennett, A., & Zalmout, S. (2016). Manipulative skill competency and health-related physical fitness in elementary school students. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 5(4), 491–499. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2015.03.007
Depkes RI. (2010). Kesehatan Remaja Problem dan Solusinya. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Ekblom, B., & Berglund, B. (1991). Effect of erythropoietin administration on mammal aerobic power. Scandinavian Journal Medicine & Science in Sports, 1(2), 88–93. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.1991.tb00276.x
Faatih, M. (2017). Penggunaan Alat Pengukur Hemoglobin di Puskesmas, Polindes dan Pustu. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan, 1(1), 32–39. Retrieved from http://ejournal2.litbang.kemkes.go.id:81/index.php/jpppk/article/view/424
Fox EL, Bower RW, F. M. (1988). The Physiological Basic of Physical Education and Athletics. 4th edition. Philadelphia: Sauders College Publishing.
Gandasoebrata, R. (2017). Penuntun laboratorium klinik. Jakarta: Dian Rakyat.
Gropper SS, Simmons KP, Gaines A, Drawdy K, Saunders D, Ulrich P, C. L. . (2009). The freshman 15—a closer look. Journal of American College Health, 58(3), 223–231. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448480903295334.
Gusril. (2004). Perkembangan Motorik pada Masa Anak-Anak. Jakarta: DepartemGusril. (2004). Perkembangan Motorik pada Masa Anak-Anak. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan Nasional.en Pendidikan Nasional.
Haskell WL, K. M. (2000). Methodologic issues in measuring physical activity and physical fitness when evaluating the role of dietary supplements for physically active people. Am J Clin Nutr. ;72(2 Suppl):541S-50S.
Hoffbrand, A. V. & M. H. (2013). Essential haematology.Ed 6. Jakarta: EGC.
Hu, M., & Lin, W. (2012). Effects of exercise training on red blood cell production: implications for anemia. Acta Haematologica, 127(3), 156–164. https://doi.org/10.1159/000335620
Laughlin MH, Davis MJ, Secher NH, van Lieshout JJ, Arce-Esquivel AA, Simmons GH, Bender SB, Padilla J, Bache RJ, Merkus D, D. D. C. P. (2012). Peripheral circulation. Comprehensive Physiology, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c100048
Laura Kosasi, Fadil Oenzil, &, & Yani, A. (2014). Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin pada Mahasiswa Anggota UKM Pandekar Universitas Andalas. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 3(2). Retrieved from http://scholar.unand.ac.id/1640/
Mairbäurl H. (2013). Red blood cells in sports: effects of exercise and training on oxygen supply by red blood cells. Frontiers in Physiology, 4, 81–87. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2013.00332
Murray RK, Granner DK, R. V. (2003). Biokimia Harper Edisi ke-25. Jakarta: EGC.
Mustaqim, E. Y. (2013). Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin (Hb) dengan Kebugaran Jasmani pada Siswa Ekstrakurikuler Sepak Bola. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 1(3), 637–640. Retrieved from http://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-pendidikan-jasmani/article/view/4698
Otto, J. M., Montgomery, H. E., & Richards, T. (2013). Haemoglobin concentration and mass as determinants of exercise performance and of surgical outcome. Journal of Extreme Physiology & Medicine, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-7648-2-33.
Paradisis, G. P., Zacharogiannis, E., Mandila, D., Smirtiotou, A., Argeitaki, P., & Cooke, C. B. (2014). Multi-Stage 20-m Shuttle Run Fitness Test, Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Velocity at Maximal Oxygen Uptake. Journal of Human Kinetics, 41, 81–87. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2014-0035
Pramodya W, Juwita., Rahfiludin, M. Zen., & Fatimah P, S. (2015). Perbedaan Aktivitas Fisik, Kadar Hb, dan Kesegaran, Jasmani (Studi pada Siswi Kek dan Tidak Kek di SMA N 1 Grogol Kabupaten Kediri). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro, 3(3). Retrieved from https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm/article/view/12147
Saputro, Dwi Aries & Junaidi, S. (2015). Pemberian Vitamin C pada Latihan Fisik Maksimal dan Perubahan Kadar Hemoglobin dan Jumlah Eritrosit. Journal of Sport Sciences and Fitness, 4(3). Retrieved from https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jssf/article/view/7379
Sartono, Wiryatun Lestariana, & T. S. (2007). Hubungan Konsumsi Makanan dan Kadar Hemoglobin (Hb) dengan Prestasi Belajar Siswa SLTP Kota Palembang. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia, 4(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17459
Schmidt, W., & Prommer, N. (2010). No Title. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 38(2), 68–75. https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e3181d4957a
Sepriadi, S. (2017a). Kontribusi Status Gizi dan Kemampuan Motorik Terhadap Kesegaran Jasmani Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 5(2), 194–206. https://doi.org/dx.doi.org/10.21831/jk.v5i2.15147
Sepriadi, S. (2017b). PENGARUH MOTIVASI BEROLAHRAGA DAN STATUS GIZI TERHADAP TINGKAT KEBUGARAN JASMANI. Jurnal Penjakora, 4(1). Retrieved from https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/PENJAKORA/article/view/11755
Sepriadi, S., Hardiansyah, S., & Syampurma, H. (2017). Perbedaan Tingkat Kesegaran Jasmani Berdasarkan Status Gizi. Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia, 7(1), 24–24. Retrieved from https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/miki/article/view/10934
Sugiyono. (2011). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D. Jakarta: Alfabeta.
Sukamti, E. R., Zein, M. I., & Budiarti, R. (2016). Profil Kebugaran Jasmani dan Status Kesehatan Instruktur Senam Aerobik di Yogyakarta. Jurnal Olahraga Prestasi, 12(2). Retrieved from https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/jorpres/article/view/11875
Suryabrata, S. (2000). Pengembangan alat ukur psikologis. Yogyakarta: Andi Offset.
Syaiful Arif & Pudjijuniarto. (2017). Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin (Hb) dengan Kebugaran Jasmani pada Tim Sepakbola Putra Usia 18 Tahun Elfaza FC Surabaya. Jurnal Kesehatan Olahraga, 5(3). Retrieved from http://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-kesehatan-olahraga/article/view/22120
Szygula, Z. (1990). Erythrocytic system under the influence of physical exercise and training. Sports Medicine, 10(3), 181–197. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199010030-00004
Thomsen JJ, Rentsch RL, Robach P, Calbet JA, Boushel R, Rasmussen P, Juel C, L. C. (2007). Prolonged administration of recombinant human erythropoietin increases submaximal performance more than maximal aerobic capacity. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 101(4), 481–486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0522-8
Zufrianingrum, H. (2016). Hubungan Antara Kadar Hemoglobin Dan Kapasitas Vital Paru Dengan Daya Tahan Kardiorespirasi Siswa Yang Mengikuti Ekstrakurikuler Bolabasket Di SMP Negeri 1 Jetis Kabupaten Bantul. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Kesehatan Dan Rekreasi, 1(1). Retrieved from https://eprints.uny.ac.id/31826/
Almatsir, S. (2005). Prinsip Dasar Ilmu Gizi. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Annas, M. (2011). Hubungan Kesegaran Jasmani, Hemoglobin, Status Gizi, dan Makan Pagi terhadap Prestasi Belajar. Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia, 1(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15294/miki.v1i2.2034
Bakta M I. (2006). Hematologi klinik ringkas. Jakarta: EGC.
Briawan. (2012). Masalah Gizi Pada Remaja Wanita. Jakarta: EGC.
Chen, W., Mason, S., Hammond-Bennett, A., & Zalmout, S. (2016). Manipulative skill competency and health-related physical fitness in elementary school students. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 5(4), 491–499. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2015.03.007
Depkes RI. (2010). Kesehatan Remaja Problem dan Solusinya. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Ekblom, B., & Berglund, B. (1991). Effect of erythropoietin administration on mammal aerobic power. Scandinavian Journal Medicine & Science in Sports, 1(2), 88–93. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.1991.tb00276.x
Faatih, M. (2017). Penggunaan Alat Pengukur Hemoglobin di Puskesmas, Polindes dan Pustu. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Pelayanan Kesehatan, 1(1), 32–39. Retrieved from http://ejournal2.litbang.kemkes.go.id:81/index.php/jpppk/article/view/424
Fox EL, Bower RW, F. M. (1988). The Physiological Basic of Physical Education and Athletics. 4th edition. Philadelphia: Sauders College Publishing.
Gandasoebrata, R. (2017). Penuntun laboratorium klinik. Jakarta: Dian Rakyat.
Gropper SS, Simmons KP, Gaines A, Drawdy K, Saunders D, Ulrich P, C. L. . (2009). The freshman 15—a closer look. Journal of American College Health, 58(3), 223–231. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448480903295334.
Gusril. (2004). Perkembangan Motorik pada Masa Anak-Anak. Jakarta: DepartemGusril. (2004). Perkembangan Motorik pada Masa Anak-Anak. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan Nasional.en Pendidikan Nasional.
Haskell WL, K. M. (2000). Methodologic issues in measuring physical activity and physical fitness when evaluating the role of dietary supplements for physically active people. Am J Clin Nutr. ;72(2 Suppl):541S-50S.
Hoffbrand, A. V. & M. H. (2013). Essential haematology.Ed 6. Jakarta: EGC.
Hu, M., & Lin, W. (2012). Effects of exercise training on red blood cell production: implications for anemia. Acta Haematologica, 127(3), 156–164. https://doi.org/10.1159/000335620
Laughlin MH, Davis MJ, Secher NH, van Lieshout JJ, Arce-Esquivel AA, Simmons GH, Bender SB, Padilla J, Bache RJ, Merkus D, D. D. C. P. (2012). Peripheral circulation. Comprehensive Physiology, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1002/cphy.c100048
Laura Kosasi, Fadil Oenzil, &, & Yani, A. (2014). Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik terhadap Kadar Hemoglobin pada Mahasiswa Anggota UKM Pandekar Universitas Andalas. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 3(2). Retrieved from http://scholar.unand.ac.id/1640/
Mairbäurl H. (2013). Red blood cells in sports: effects of exercise and training on oxygen supply by red blood cells. Frontiers in Physiology, 4, 81–87. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2013.00332
Murray RK, Granner DK, R. V. (2003). Biokimia Harper Edisi ke-25. Jakarta: EGC.
Mustaqim, E. Y. (2013). Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin (Hb) dengan Kebugaran Jasmani pada Siswa Ekstrakurikuler Sepak Bola. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 1(3), 637–640. Retrieved from http://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-pendidikan-jasmani/article/view/4698
Otto, J. M., Montgomery, H. E., & Richards, T. (2013). Haemoglobin concentration and mass as determinants of exercise performance and of surgical outcome. Journal of Extreme Physiology & Medicine, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-7648-2-33.
Paradisis, G. P., Zacharogiannis, E., Mandila, D., Smirtiotou, A., Argeitaki, P., & Cooke, C. B. (2014). Multi-Stage 20-m Shuttle Run Fitness Test, Maximal Oxygen Uptake and Velocity at Maximal Oxygen Uptake. Journal of Human Kinetics, 41, 81–87. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2014-0035
Pramodya W, Juwita., Rahfiludin, M. Zen., & Fatimah P, S. (2015). Perbedaan Aktivitas Fisik, Kadar Hb, dan Kesegaran, Jasmani (Studi pada Siswi Kek dan Tidak Kek di SMA N 1 Grogol Kabupaten Kediri). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro, 3(3). Retrieved from https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm/article/view/12147
Saputro, Dwi Aries & Junaidi, S. (2015). Pemberian Vitamin C pada Latihan Fisik Maksimal dan Perubahan Kadar Hemoglobin dan Jumlah Eritrosit. Journal of Sport Sciences and Fitness, 4(3). Retrieved from https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jssf/article/view/7379
Sartono, Wiryatun Lestariana, & T. S. (2007). Hubungan Konsumsi Makanan dan Kadar Hemoglobin (Hb) dengan Prestasi Belajar Siswa SLTP Kota Palembang. Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia, 4(1). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22146/ijcn.17459
Schmidt, W., & Prommer, N. (2010). No Title. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 38(2), 68–75. https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e3181d4957a
Sepriadi, S. (2017a). Kontribusi Status Gizi dan Kemampuan Motorik Terhadap Kesegaran Jasmani Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Keolahragaan, 5(2), 194–206. https://doi.org/dx.doi.org/10.21831/jk.v5i2.15147
Sepriadi, S. (2017b). PENGARUH MOTIVASI BEROLAHRAGA DAN STATUS GIZI TERHADAP TINGKAT KEBUGARAN JASMANI. Jurnal Penjakora, 4(1). Retrieved from https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/PENJAKORA/article/view/11755
Sepriadi, S., Hardiansyah, S., & Syampurma, H. (2017). Perbedaan Tingkat Kesegaran Jasmani Berdasarkan Status Gizi. Media Ilmu Keolahragaan Indonesia, 7(1), 24–24. Retrieved from https://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/miki/article/view/10934
Sugiyono. (2011). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D. Jakarta: Alfabeta.
Sukamti, E. R., Zein, M. I., & Budiarti, R. (2016). Profil Kebugaran Jasmani dan Status Kesehatan Instruktur Senam Aerobik di Yogyakarta. Jurnal Olahraga Prestasi, 12(2). Retrieved from https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/jorpres/article/view/11875
Suryabrata, S. (2000). Pengembangan alat ukur psikologis. Yogyakarta: Andi Offset.
Syaiful Arif & Pudjijuniarto. (2017). Hubungan Kadar Hemoglobin (Hb) dengan Kebugaran Jasmani pada Tim Sepakbola Putra Usia 18 Tahun Elfaza FC Surabaya. Jurnal Kesehatan Olahraga, 5(3). Retrieved from http://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-kesehatan-olahraga/article/view/22120
Szygula, Z. (1990). Erythrocytic system under the influence of physical exercise and training. Sports Medicine, 10(3), 181–197. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199010030-00004
Thomsen JJ, Rentsch RL, Robach P, Calbet JA, Boushel R, Rasmussen P, Juel C, L. C. (2007). Prolonged administration of recombinant human erythropoietin increases submaximal performance more than maximal aerobic capacity. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 101(4), 481–486. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-007-0522-8
Zufrianingrum, H. (2016). Hubungan Antara Kadar Hemoglobin Dan Kapasitas Vital Paru Dengan Daya Tahan Kardiorespirasi Siswa Yang Mengikuti Ekstrakurikuler Bolabasket Di SMP Negeri 1 Jetis Kabupaten Bantul. Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Kesehatan Dan Rekreasi, 1(1). Retrieved from https://eprints.uny.ac.id/31826/