Analysis of Psychological Aspects of Taekwondo Athletes in Training Phase
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Abstract
Maximum performance must be accompanied by structured and systematic training activities. In the training process, we know that four aspects must be considered, namely technical, physical, tactical, and psychological. This psychological aspect is often neglected in the training process, and Taekwondo (TKD) is no exception. A taekwondo athlete needs a variety of psychological components, including motivation, mental, self-confidence, concentration, anxiety, and others. All these psychological components must be following their respective portions, not less or even excess. The purpose of this study was to describe the psychological aspects of taekwondo athletes during training. The research method used in this study is a survey method with a research design using an ex post facto approach. The research instrument used is the Psychological Aspects in Training Phase Questionnaire (PATPQ) questionnaire which contains eight psychological aspects with 50 statements. The results showed as follows: aspects of motivation (82% = very high), mental toughness (81% = very high), self-confidence (76% = high), concentration (73% = high), fighting power (72% = high ), emotional control (66% = high) and anxiety (53% = moderate). So it can be concluded that the psychological aspects of taekwondo athletes in the training phase are still not optimal, but have led to the best performance as the training process goes on.
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References
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Sulastri, A., Salasa, S., Rahmi, U., & Andriyani, Y. D. (2019). Injury Incident Rate Impact toward Adversity Quotient of Female Futsal Athletes. January. https://doi.org/10.2991/icsshpe-18.2019.45
Supriyanto, A. (n.d.). Psikologi Olahraga (T. Setiawan (ed.); Pertama, Vol. 148, pp. 148–162). UNY Press.
Uray, G. (2016). Pentingnya Perhatian Dan Konsentrasi Dalam Menunjang Penampilan Atlet. Peforma Olahraga, 1, 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24036/jpo71019
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Weiss, E. R., & Miller, J. G. (2019). Training the body and mind: Examining psychological correlates of Taekwondo. International Journal of Martial Arts, November. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337569437
Zandi, H. G., & Mohbi, M. (2016). Evaluating Psychological Traits of Taekwondo Athletes Competing in World Classes and League superior. Journal of Educational and Social Research, December 2017. https://doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2016.v6n2p133
Ziv, G., & Lidor, R. (2013). Psychological preparation of competitive judokas - A review. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 12(3), 371–380.
Acharya, J. (2002). Effect of Concentration Training on Attentional Style as a function of Skill in Soccer. Academy of Management Journal, 5(3), 1–4.
Buning, M. M., & Thompson, M. A. (2018). Coaching Behaviors and Athlete Motivation: Female Softball Athletes’ Perspectives. Sport Science Review, 24(5–6), 345–370. https://doi.org/10.1515/ssr-2015-0023
Collins, D. (2016). Motivation in Sport and Exercise. In The Sport Psychologist (Vol. 7, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.7.3.331
Costa, D. de O., Oliveira, L. dos S., de Sena, E. A., de Lima, F. F., & Silva, A. S. (2018). Pre-competition physical, physiological and psychosocial states of taekwondo athletes. Journal of Physical Education (Maringa), 29(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.4025/jphyseduc.v29i1.2913
Cowden, R. G. (2017). Mental Toughness and Success in Sport: A Review and Prospect. The Open Sports Sciences Journal, 10(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.2174/1875399x01710010001
Dimyati, Herwin, & Hastuti, T. A. (2013). Karakteristik Psikologis Atlet di Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan Pelajar (PPLP). Jurnal Psikologi, 40(2), 143–158. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.6973
Effendi, H. (2016). Peranan psikologi olahraga dalam meningkatkan prestasi atlet. Nusantara (Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial), 1, 23–30.
Espejel, P., & Walle. (n.d.). Pre Competitive Anxiety and Self Confidence in Pain American Gymnasts. Science of Gymnastic Journal, 5(I), 39–48.
Fadli, Z., & Ansho, K. (2019). Survey Tentang Aspek-Aspek Psikologis Atlet Sepak Takraw Putra Sumut Dalam Menghadapi Pekan Olahraga Swilayah Viii Tahun 2011 Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan, 18(1), 31–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24114/jik.v18i1.14305
Fernández, M. M., Brito, C. J., Miarka, B., & Díaz-de-Durana, A. L. (2020). Anxiety and Emotional Intelligence: Comparisons Between Combat Sports, Gender and Levels Using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale and the Inventory of Situations and Anxiety Response. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(February), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00130
Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2012). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education (8th Ed.). Mc Graw Hill.
Handayani, S. G. (2019). Peranan Psikologi Olahraga dalam Pencapaian Prestasi Atlet Senam Artistik Kabupaten Sijunjung. Gelanggang Olahraga: Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Dan Olahraga (JPJO), 2(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.31539/jpjo.v2i2.714
Hardiyono, B. (2020). Tingkat Kecemasan Sebelum Bertanding Dan Percaya Diri Pada Saat Bertanding Atlet Pelatda Pengprov Fpti Sumatera Selatan. Kinestetik, 4(1), 47–54. https://doi.org/10.33369/jk.v4i1.10399
Harsono. (2017). Kepelatihan Olahraga: Teori dan Metodologi. Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Jarvis, M. (2005). Sport psychology: Routledge Modular Psychology. Routledge.
Kinasih, D., Buhari, M., & Jailani. (2021). CABANG OLAHRAGA BELADIRI KALIMANTAN TIMUR. Borneo Physical Education Journal, 2, 9–20.
Komarudin. (2016). Psikologi Olahraga. Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Kostovski, Z., & Saiti, B. (2014). Comparisons of the motor dimensions in multivariate space , with young athletes and nonathletic treated with eurofit tests. June.
Masrun. (2016). Pengaruh mental toughness dan motivasi berprestasi terhadap prestasi olahraga atlet PPLP Sumbar. Jurnal Performa Olahraga, 1(1), 1–11.
Matsumoto, D., Konno, J., & Ha, H. Z. (2009). Sport Psychology in Combat Sports. Combat Sports Medicine, 41–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-354-5_3
Maulana, Z., & Khairani, M. (2017). Pebedaan Kecemasan Bertanding Pada Atlet PON Aceh Ditinjau dari Jenis Aktivitas Olahraga. Jipt, 05(01), 97–106.
Nugroho, S. (2004). PERAN EMOSI DALAM PENGAJARAN PENDlDlKANJASMANI DAN OLAHRAGA. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 3(3), 481–503. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v3i3.7601
Nusufi, M. (2016). Melatih Konsentrasi Dalam Olahraga. Jurnal Ilmu Keolahragaan, 15(2), 54–61.
Santoso, S. (2017). Complete Guide to Mastering Statistics with SPSS 24. Jakarta: PT. Elex Media Komputindo.
Setiawan, E., Patah, I. A., Baptista, C., Winarno, M. ., Sabino, B., & Amalia, E. F. (2020). Self-efficacy dan mental toughness: Apakah faktor psikologis berkorelasi dengan performa atlet? Jurnal Keolahragaan, 8(2), 158–165. https://doi.org/10.21831/jk.v8i2.33551
Stoltz, P. G. (2000). Adversity Quotient: Mengubah Hambatan Menjadi Peluang (Cet.6). Gramedia.
Sukadiyanto. (2015). Perbedaan Reaksi Emosional Antara Olahragawan Body Contact dan Non Body Contact. Jurnal Psikologi UGM, 33(1), 50–62. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.7085
Sulastri, A., Salasa, S., Rahmi, U., & Andriyani, Y. D. (2019). Injury Incident Rate Impact toward Adversity Quotient of Female Futsal Athletes. January. https://doi.org/10.2991/icsshpe-18.2019.45
Supriyanto, A. (n.d.). Psikologi Olahraga (T. Setiawan (ed.); Pertama, Vol. 148, pp. 148–162). UNY Press.
Uray, G. (2016). Pentingnya Perhatian Dan Konsentrasi Dalam Menunjang Penampilan Atlet. Peforma Olahraga, 1, 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24036/jpo71019
Wardani, W. S. K., & Saidiyah, S. (2016). Daya Juang Mahasiswa Asing. Psympathic : Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 3(2), 213–224. https://doi.org/10.15575/psy.v3i2.1111
Weiss, E. R., & Miller, J. G. (2019). Training the body and mind: Examining psychological correlates of Taekwondo. International Journal of Martial Arts, November. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337569437
Zandi, H. G., & Mohbi, M. (2016). Evaluating Psychological Traits of Taekwondo Athletes Competing in World Classes and League superior. Journal of Educational and Social Research, December 2017. https://doi.org/10.5901/jesr.2016.v6n2p133
Ziv, G., & Lidor, R. (2013). Psychological preparation of competitive judokas - A review. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 12(3), 371–380.