Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) Application for Safety Risk Assessment Design of “X†Bakery
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Companies in the food sector have 8 production process lines including: receiving raw materials, storing, making dough, baking, frying, cooling, packaging, and distributing. Potential hazards can include: slipping, stuck in a mixer machine, crushed in a dough press machine, crushed in a packing machine, head hit by an elevator, short circuit, fire, explosion, leak, hot oil splash, the potential danger of ergonomics, heat stress, and respiratory disorders. This study aimed to design a risk assessment to minimize the incidence of workplace accidents. This type of research is research and development with a semi-quantitative approach. The informants were determined as many as 2 people with a purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used observation sheets, interview sheets, and FMEA worksheets. Product design is validated by an expert team. The results show 23 potential hazards in 8 production processes. The highest hazard potential is slip (RPN = 140) and the lowest is explosion (RPN = 10). So that it requires administrative control, engineering, inspection, repairs to electrical installations and gas pipes, and using personal protective equipment.
ABSTRAK
Perusahaan di bidang makanan terdapat 8 alur proses produksi antara lain: Penerimaan bahan baku, penyimpanan, pembuatan adonan, pemanggangan, penggorengan, pendinginan, pengemasan, dan pendistribusian. Potensi bahaya dapat berupa: terpeleset, terjepit mesin mixer, terjepit mesin penggiling, terjepit mesin packing, kepala terbentur lift, arus pendek listrik, kebakaran, ledakan, kebocoran, percikan minyak panas,bahaya ergonomi, heat stress, dan gangguan saluran pernapasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat perancangan penilaian risiko untuk meminimalisir kejadian kecelakaan kerja. Jenis penelitian ini adalah research and develompent dengan pendekatan semi kuantitatif. Informan yang ditetapkan sebanyak 2 orang dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar observasi, lembar wawancara, dan FMEA worksheet. Desain produk dilakukan validasi oleh tim pakar. Hasil menunjukkan 23 potensi bahaya tersebar di 8 proses produksi. Potensi bahaya tertinggi adalah terpeleset (RPN=140) dan terendah adalah ledakan (RPN=10). Sehingga diperlukan pengendalian administratif, rekayasa teknik, inspeksi secara ruitn, perbaikan terhadap instalasi listrik dan pipa gas, serta menggunakan alat pelindung diri.
Kata Kunci : Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Potensi Bahaya, Penilaian Risiko.
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
References
Andiyanto, S., Sutrisno, A., & Punuhsingon, C. 2015. Penerapan Metode FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) untuk Kuantifikasi dan Pencegahan Risiko Akibat Terjadinya Lean Waste. Jurnal Online Poros Teknik Mesin, 6(1): 45-57.
Anugrah, N. R., Fitria, L., & Desrianty, A. 2015. Usulan Perbaikan Kualitas Produk Menggunakan Metode Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) dan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) di Pabrik Roti Bariton. Reka Integra, 5(1): 146-157.
Apriyan, J., Setiawan, H., & Ervianto, W. I. 2017. Analisis Risiko Kecelakaan Kerja pada Proyek Bangunan Gedung dengan Metode FMEA. Jurnal Muara Sains, Teknologi, Kedokteran, dan Ilmu Kesehatan, 1(1):115-123.
Destari, N., Widjasena, B., & Wahyuni, I. 2017. Analisis Implementasi Promosi K3 dalam Upaya Pencegahan Kecelakaan Kerrja di PT X (Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Y Semarang). Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (e-Journal), 5(1):397-404.
Firdaus, R. 2011. Perbaikan Proses Produksi Muffler dengan Metode FMEA pada Industri Kecil di Sidoarjo. Teknologia, 5(1):83-88.
Food and Drink Federation (FDF) and Dairy U.K. 2011. Sharing Health & Safety Key Performance Indicators Within the Food Industry. London: Food and Drink Federation (FDF) and Dairy U.K.
Health and Safety Authority. 2014. Summary of Workplace Injury, Illness and Fatality Statistic 2013-2014. Dublin: Health and Safety Authority.
Iswanto, A. 2013. Aplikasi Metode Taguchi Analysis dan Failure Metode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) untuk Perbaikan Kualitas Produk di PT XYZ. E-Jurnal Teknik Industri, FT USU, 2(1):13-18.
Khakzad, N., Yuan, Z., Khan, F., & Amyotte, P. 2015. Dust Explosions: A Threat to The Process Industries. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 1(98): 57-71.
Ozilgen, S. 2012. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) for confectionery manufacturing in developing countries: Turkish delight production as a Case Study. Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 32(3): 505-514.
Pratama, A., Asih, E. W., & Wisnubroto, P. 2016. Analisis Penyebab Kecacatan Wreapper pada Mesin Single Flowrap (SFW) Menggunakan Metode Failure Mode Effect and Analysis (FMEA) & Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) pada PT. Nestle Indonesia. Jurnal Rekavasi, 4(1):1-9
Ramli, S. 2010. Pedoman Praktis Sistem Manajemen Risiko Dalam Perpektif K3 OHS Risk Management. Jakarta: Dian Rakyat.
Simorangkir, H. 2015. Peningkatan Efektifitas Mesin Blowing berdasarkan Evaluasi Overall Equipment Effectiveness dan FMEA pada Industri Manufaktur Plastik. Jurnal Departemen Teknik Industri Universitas Sumatera Utara, 2(1):8-17.
Statistic on Workers In Australia. 2014. Number, Frequency Rate and Incidence Rate Of Serious Claims By Industry (2009-10 to 2013-14), Australia: Safe Work Australia.
Susilo, J.L., & Kaho, R. Victor. 2011. Manajemen Risiko Berbasis ISO 31000 Untuk Industri Nonperbankan. PPM Manajemen.
Syauqi, Q. A., & Susanty, A. 2016. Analisis Potensi Kecelakaan Kerja pada CV Automotive Workshop dengan Metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis. Industrial Engineering Online Journal, 5(4) : 1-12