The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Mental Health (Children, Adolescents, Young Adults) and Mental Health Service: Systematic Review
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Abstract
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in young age groups (children, adolescents, and young adults) has a higher prevalence than individuals at other stages of the lifecycle (adults and the elderly). The implementation of mental health services faces more barriers to professional care than in the pre-pandemic period. This study aims to identify the effect of sociodemographic and Public Health Measures on the mental health of young age groups and mental health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review without meta-analysis was performed on seven databases. The selection procedure followed the flow diagram of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Inclusion criteria included all types of research that looked at the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and mental health services. There are 44 included articles and the quality assessment shows that the study was evaluated as 80% and 100% quality criteria met. During the implementation of Public Health and Social Measures, the young age group experienced mental health problems, including stress, depression, anxiety, sleeping disorder, eating disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder related to socioeconomic status, academic, and social factors. This systematic review proves that the COVID-19 pandemic affects the mental health of the young age group and mental health services.
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How to Cite
Purnawati, E., Saraswati, L., Wurjanto, M., & Yuliawati, S. (2022). The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Mental Health (Children, Adolescents, Young Adults) and Mental Health Service: Systematic Review. Unnes Journal of Public Health, 11(2), 179-197. https://doi.org/10.15294/ujph.v11i2.53472
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Fitzpatrick O, Carson A, Weisz JR. Using Mixed Methods to Identify the Primary Mental Health Problems and Needs of Children, Adolescents, and Their Caregivers during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2021 Jan 1;(Preprints):1–12.
García-González J, Ruqiong W, Alarcon-Rodriguez R, Requena-Mullor M, Ding C, Ventura-Miranda MI. Analysis of Anxiety Levels of Nursing Students Because of e-Learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare. 2021 Mar 1;9(3):252.
Garvey AM, Jimeno García I, Otal Franco SH, Mir Fernández C. The Psychological Impact of Strict and Prolonged Confinement on Business Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic at a Spanish University. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 10;18(4):1710.
Ghazawy ER, Ewis AA, Mahfouz EM, Khalil DM, Arafa A, Mohammed Z, et al. Psychological impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on the university students in Egypt. Health Promot Int. 2020 Dec 25;
Gittings L, Toska E, Medley S, Cluver L, Logie CH, Ralayo N, et al. ‘Now my life is stuck!’: Experiences of adolescents and young people during COVID-19 lockdown in South Africa. Glob Public Health. 2021 Jun 3;16(6):947–63.
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Gulliver AKMGHC. Perceived barriers and facilitators to mental health help-seeking in young people: a systematic review Amelia. BMC Psychiatry. 2010;113(10):9.
Hong Q, Pluye P, Fàbregues S, Bartlett G, Boardman F, Cargo M, et al. Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT), Version 2018. User guide. McGill. 2018. p. 1–11.
Hou J, Yu Q, Lan X. COVID-19 Infection Risk and Depressive Symptoms Among Young Adults During Quarantine: The Moderating Role of Grit and Social Support. Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 8;11:577942.
Islam A, Barna SD, Raihan H, Khan NA, Hossain T. Depression and anxiety among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: A web-based cross-sectional survey. PLoS One. 2020 Aug;15(8).
Kecojevic A, Basch CH, Sullivan M, Davi NK. The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on mental health of undergraduate students in New Jersey, cross-sectional study. Vickers K, editor. PLoS One. 2020 Sep 30;15(9):e0239696.
Khan AH, Sultana MS, Hossain S, Hasan MT, Ahmed HU, Sikder MT. The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health & wellbeing among home-quarantined Bangladeshi students: A cross-sectional pilot study. J Affect Disord. 2020 Dec;277:121–8.
Khan S, Huremović D. Psychology of the Pandemic. In: Huremović D, editor. Psychiatry of Pandemic: A Mental Health Response to Infection Outbreak [Internet]. Manhasset, NY: Springer Nature Switzerland AG; 2019. p. 37–44. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15346-5
Kılınçel Ş, Kılınçel O, Muratdağı G, Aydın A, Usta MB. Factors affecting the anxiety levels of adolescents in home‐quarantine during COVID‐19 pandemic in Turkey. Asia-Pacific Psychiatry. 2021 Jun 11;13(2).
Kowal M, Coll-Martín T, Ikizer G, Rasmussen J, Eichel K, Studzińska A, et al. Who is the Most Stressed During the COVID-19 Pandemic? Data From 26 Countries and Areas. Appl Psychol Heal Well-Being [Internet]. 2020;12(4):946–66. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/aphw.12234
Li W, Wang Z, Wang G, Ip P, Sun X, Jiang Y, et al. Socioeconomic inequality in child mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: First evidence from China. J Affect Disord. 2021;287:8–14.
Li X, Fu P, Fan C, Zhu M, Li M. COVID-19 Stress and Mental Health of Students in Locked-Down Colleges. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jan 18;18(2):771.
Liu CH, Zhang E, Wong GTF, Hyun S, Hahm H “Chris.” Factors associated with depression, anxiety, and PTSD symptomatology during the COVID-19 pandemic: Clinical implications for U.S. young adult mental health. Psychiatry Res. 2020 Aug;290:113172.
Liu R, Chen X, Qi H, Feng Y, Xiao L, Yuan X-F, et al. The proportion and associated factors of anxiety in Chinese adolescents with depression during the COVID-19 outbreak. J Affect Disord. 2021;284:114–9.
Ma Z, Zhao J, Li Y, Chen D, Wang T, Zhang Z, et al. Mental health problems and correlates among 746 217 college students during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2020 Nov 13;29:e181.
Mathes BM, Norr AM, Allan NP, Albanese BJ, Schmidt NB. Cyberchondria: Overlap with health anxiety and unique relations with impairment, quality of life, and service utilization. Psychiatry Res [Internet]. 2018 Mar;261:204–11. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165178117318437
McKune SL, Acosta D, Diaz N, Brittain K, Beaulieu DJ-, Maurelli AT, et al. Psychosocial health of school-aged children during the initial COVID-19 safer-at-home school mandates in Florida: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2021 Dec 29;21(1):603.
Mekonen EG, Workneh BS, Ali MS, Muluneh NY. The Psychological Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Graduating Class Students at the University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia. Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2021 Feb;Volume 14:109–22.
Mensi MM, Capone L, Rogantini C, Orlandi M, Ballante E, Borgatti R. COVID‐19‐related psychiatric impact on Italian adolescent population: A cross‐sectional cohort study. J Community Psychol. 2021 Jul 29;49(5):1457–69.
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