Analyzing Utilization Of Mental Health Services for National Health Insurance Participants in Indonesia
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
Utilization of mental health services In Indonesia is still low, while the need for mental care is relatively high. Poor mental conditions will affect individuals in deploying their abilities or potential, leading to any daily pressure that is difficult to cope with. Prior to National Health Insurance (JKN), financing for mental health services was based on fee for service (out of pocket). Currently, the government is trying to grant access to mental health services with the JKN system in primary, secondary, and tertiary services. Implementing the JKN policy is expected to escalate the community's access to mental health. Since JKN was implemented in 2014, no one has seen how JKN participants actively participate in mental health services. This study will reveal how the participants utilized JKN mental health services in 2020. This quantitative study used a nested case-control design to take secondary data on BPJS Health Sample Data for 2015-2020. The bivariate analysis results using the chi-square test point out a significant relationship between age, marital status, FLHF type, participant segmentation, and the utilization of mental health services. Meanwhile, the multivariate analysis using the logistic regression test results demonstrates that age is the most influential independent variable in utilizing JKN mental health services, specifically the unproductive age group (p-value < 0.001).
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
References
Adeponle, A. B. (2009). Prospective Study of Psychiatric Follow-up Default and Medication Compliance after Discharge at a Psychiatric Hospital in Nigeria ProsAdeponle, A.B., Baduku., Adelekan., Suleiman., & A. (2009) ‘Prospective Study of Psychiatric Follow-up Default and Medica. Community Mental Health Journal, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-008-9155-6
Andersen, Ronald M, Pamela L Davidson, and Sebastian E Baumeister. 2013. “Improving Acces to Care.” In Primary Care Mental Health, 33-69. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781911623038.028.
Angst, J., A. Gamma, D. Clarke, V. Ajdacic-Gross, W. Rossler, & D. Regier. (2010). "Subjective Distress Predicts Treatment Seeking for Depression, Bipolar, Anxiety, Panic, Neurasthenia and Insomnia Severity Spectra." Acta Psychatrica Scandinavica 122 (6). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111): pp. 488–98. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2010.01580.x.
Burnett-Zeigler, Inger, Kara Zivin, Khairul Islam, and Mark A. Ilgen. 2012. “Longitudinal Predictors of First Time Depression Treatment Utilization among Adults with Depressive Disorder.” Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 47 (10): 1617-25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-011-0465-6.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. 2018. “Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RISKESDAS) 2018.” https://doi.org/10.1360/zd-2013-43-6-1064.
BPJS. 2017. “INFOBPJS Kesehatan”
Choi, N. G., & McDougall, G. (2009). Unmet needs and depressive symptoms among low-income older adults. Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 52(6), 567-583
Clement S, Schauman O, Graham T, Maggioni F, Evans-Lacko S, Bezborodovs N, et al. What is the impact of mental health-related stigma on help-seeking? A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies. Psychol Med. 2015; 45(1):11–27. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291714000129 PMID: 24569086
Conner, K. O., Lee, B., Mayers, V., Robinson, D., Reynolds III, C. F., Albert, S., & Brown, C. (2010a). Attitudes and beliefs about mental health among African American older adults suffering from depression. Journal of Aging Studies, 24(4), 266–277.
Detels, Roger, Martin Gulliford, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, and Chorh Chuan Tan, eds. 2015. “Global Public Health: The Practice of Public Health.” In 3, 6th ed., 909. New York: Oxford University Press.
Drew N, Funk M, Tang S, Lamichhane J, Cha´vez E, Katontoka S, et al. Human rights violations of people with mental and psychosocial disabilities: An unresolved global crisis. Lancet. 2011; 378 (9803):1664–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61458-X PMID: 22008426
Graham, Annette, Penelope Hasking, Joanne Brooker, David Clarke, and Graham Meadows. (2017). “ Mental Health Service Use among Those with Depression: An Exploration Ising Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Service Use." Journal of Affective Disorders 208 (July 2016). Elsevier. 170–76. https://doi.org/10.1016.j.jad.2016.08.074
Huang, Z.J., Wong, F.Y., Ronzio, C.R. & Yu, S.M. (2007). Depressive Symptomatology and Mental Health Help-Seeking Patterns of U.S.- and Foreign-Born Mothers. Matern Child Health J, 11: pp. 257–267
Iza, Miren, Mark Olfson, Donna Vermes, Marcela Hoffer, Shuai Wang, and Carlos Blanco. 2013. "Probability and Predictors of First Treatment Contact for Anxiety Disorders in the United States." The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 74 (11): 1093-1100. https://doi.org/10.4088/JPC.13M08361.
Keliat, B. A. (1996). Peran Serta Keluarga Dalam Perawatan Klien Gangguan Jiwa. Jakarta: EGC.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2013). Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013. Jakarta.
Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2018). Hasil Utama Riskesdas Tahun 2018. Jakarta.
Roberts, T., Georgina Miguel Esponda, D. K., Rahul Shidhaye, & Vikram Patel. (2018). "Factors Associated with Health Service Utilisation for Common Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review." BMC Psychiatry, pp. 1–20.
Stigma Thornicroft G. and discrimination limit access to mental health care. Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc. 2008; 17(1):14–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1121189x00002621 PMID: 18444452
WHO. 1948. “Constition of The World Health Organization.”
--------. 2017. “Depression and other Common Mental Disorders Global Health Estimates.” Geneva. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/254610