Water, Globalization, and Liberalization Impact of The Decision of Indonesian Constitutional Court Number 85/PUU-XI/2013 Concerning Water Resources Perspective of The Welfare State
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May 4, 2020
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Abstract
Privatization, liberalization and globalization of water resources in Indonesia has become a complicated problem. In one hand, it will increase the economic values and investment but in the other hands it is contrary with the 1945 Constitution. Indonesian Water Resources Act has raised polemics and complaints from many parties, so that the proposed judicial review to the Constitutional Court. Finally, the Court cancelled this Act. This research is intended to analyse and describe the implementation of Water Resources Act that has been cancelled by the Court in the context of Friedman Theory, especially in Semarang City. The research emphasized and highlighted that the exploitation of water resources, as well as privatization and liberalization is not allowed by the 1945 Constitution.
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Shoviani, A., & Rodiyah, R. (2020). Water, Globalization, and Liberalization. Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, 5(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v5i1.34017
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References
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Cavaliere, A., Maggi, M., & Stroffolini, F. (2017). Water losses and optimal network investments: Price regulation effects with municipalization and privatization. Water Resources and Economics 18(1), 1-19.
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Nonet, P. (1999). For Jurisprudential Sociology. International Journal Law & Society. University of California, Berkeley
Nonet, P., & Selznick, P. (2001). Law and Society Transition: Toward Responsive Law, in Satya Arinanto, Political Law 2. Jakarta: Collection of Law Political Lecture Papers, FH UIEU Postgraduate Program.
Nonet, P., & Selznick, P. (2013). Responsive Law, trans. Raisul Muttaqien, Bandung: Nusa Media.
Parsons, W. (2002). From Muddling Through to Muddling Up-Evidence Based Policy Making and the Modernisation of British Government. Public Policy and Administration 17(3), 43-60. https://doi.org/10.1177/095207670201700304.
Parker, C. (2008). The Pluralization of Regulation. Theoretical Inquiries in Law 9(2), 349-369. https://www7.tau.ac.il/ojs/index.php/til/article/view/687/646.
Petrova, V. (2006). At the Frontiers of the Rush for Blue Gold: Water Privatization and the Human Right to Water. Brooklyn Journal of International Law 31(1), 577-625.
Pierson, P. (2010). The New Politics of The Welfare State. International Journal of Public Policy 18(1), 245-316.
Praja, J.S. (2011). Legal Theory and Its Application. Bandung: CV Setia Loyal.
Rasyidi, L. (2012). Legal Philosophy. Bandung: Remadja Karya.
Rodiyah, R. (2012). Aspek Demokrasi Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah dalam Perspektif Socio-Legal. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 41(1), 144-152. doi:10.14710/mmh.41.1.2012.144-152.
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Rodiyah, R. (2016). Ideologi Kiblat Pembaharuan Hukum Indonesia. Seminar Nasional Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang 2(1), 65-78.
Rokhmad, A. (2012). Progressive Law of Thought Satjipto Rahardjo in Perspective of Maslahah Theory. Thesis, Semarang: Postgraduate IAIN Walisongo Semarang.
Saifullah, S. (2013). Reflections on Legal Sociology. Bandung: Aditama.
Salim, HS & Nurbani, E.S. (2013). Penerapan Teori Hukum pada Penelitian Disertasi dan Tesis. Jakarta: PT. Raja GrafindoPersada.
Salman, S.O., & Susanto, A.F. (2010). Legal Theory: Remembering, Collecting, and Reopening, Bandung: Refika Aditama.
Setiyono, B. (2012). Bureaucracy in Political and Administrative Perspectives. Bandung: Nuansa.
Shohibuddin, M. (2016). Peluang dan Tantangan Undang-Undang Desa dalam Upaya Demokratisasi Tata Kelola Sumber Daya Alam Desa: Perspektif Agraria Kritis. MASYARAKAT: Jurnal Sosiologi 21(1), 1-33.
Spicker, P. (2000). The Welfare State. A General Theory. London: SAGE Publications.
Sriyono, E. (2015). Tantangan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air (PSDA) Sesudah Dibatalkannya Undang-Undang RI No. 7 Tahun 2004 tentang Sumber Daya Air (UU SDA). Proceedings Seminar Nasional Teknik Sipil UMS 5(1), 208-213. https://publikasiilmiah.ums.ac.id/handle/11617/6437.
Subarsono, A.G. (2011). Analisis Kebijakan Publik. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Suwandoko, S., & Rodiyah, R. (2018). The Implementation of Bureaucratic Reform Pillars in Increasing Taxpayer Compliance at Semarang Tax Service Office. JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) 3(1), 5-28. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v3i01.23244
Tjokroamidjojo, B., & Mustopadidjaya, M. (2009). Development Policy and Administration Development Theory and Application. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Vinata. R.T. (2016). Power of Sharing Sumber Daya Kelautan Republik Indonesia. Legality: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 24(2), 213-223.
Wahab, S.A. (2011). Analisis Kebijakan: Dari Formulasi Ke Penyusunan Model Model Implementasi Kebijakan Publik. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Widodo, J. (2001). Etika Birokrasi dalam Pelayanan Publik. Malang: Citra Media.
Widodo, J. (2004). Membangun Birokrasi Berbasis Kinerja. Malang: Banyumedia.
Williams, M. (2007). Privatization and the Human Rights to Water: Challenges for the New Century. Michigan Journal of International Law 28(1), 469-579.
Winarno, B. (2014). Public Policy (Process Theory and Case Study). Yogyakarta: Center of Academic Publishing Service (CAPS).
Zain, M. (2017). Politics of Law on the State Control of Oil and Gas in Indonesia: Gas Liberalization and the Hesitancy of Constitutional Court. JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies), 1(1), 69-86. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v1i01.16569
Arifin, J. (2018). Religious Courts within the Frame of Legal Reform in Indonesia. Jakarta: Kencana.
Ausness, R. (1986). Water Rights, the Public Trust Doctrine and the Protection of Instream Uses. University of Illinois Law Review 1986(2), 407-249.
Ali, A. (2015). Revealing Legal Theory and Judicial Theory, including Interpretation of the Law (Legisprudence). Jakarta: Pradnya Paramita.
Badjuri, A., & Yuwono, T. (2010). Public Policy: Concepts and Strategies. Semarang: UNDIP.
Blackmun, H.A. (1994). The Supreme Court and the Law of NationsVolume. Yale Law International Journal 39(1), 104-155.
Bluemel, E.B. (2004). The Implications of Formulating a Human Right to Water. Ecology Law Quarterly 31(3), 957-1006. SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=1367759.
Cavaliere, A., Maggi, M., & Stroffolini, F. (2017). Water losses and optimal network investments: Price regulation effects with municipalization and privatization. Water Resources and Economics 18(1), 1-19.
Chandranegara, I.S. (2016). Purifikasi Konstitusional Sumber Daya Air Indonesia. Jurnal Rechts Vinding: Media Pembinaan Hukum Nasional, 5(3), 359-379. https://rechtsvinding.bphn.go.id/ejournal/index.php/jrv/article/view/150
Chandranegara, I.S. (2016). Genealogy of Checks and Balances Formula on the Constitution. Proceedings The 2nd International Multidisciplinary Conference 2(November), 1010-1022. https://jurnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/IMC/article/view/1301
Cotterrell, R. (1992). The Politics of Jurisprudence, A Critical Introduction to Legal Philosophy. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Crotty, S.N., & O’Toole Jr, L.J. (2004). Public Management and Organizational Performance: The Case of Law Enforcement Agencies. International Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory 12(1), 1–18 .
Cross, F.B. (1999). The Relevance of Law in Human Rights Protection. International Journal Review of Law and Economics 19(1), 87–98.
Costa, P. (2006). The Rule of Law: History, Theory, and Criticism. New York: Springer.
Fadjar, A.M. (2006). Hukum Konstitusi & Mahkamah Konstitusi. Yogyakarta: Citra Media.
Faur, D.L. (2010). Regulation and Regulatory Governance. Working Paper No. 1 (February). http://levifaur.wiki.huji.ac.il/images/reg.pdf.
Friedrich, C.J. (1968). Constitutional Government and Democracy. Harvard: Blaisdell Publishing.
Friedman, L.M. (1984). American Law: An Introduction. New York: W.W. Norton and Company.
Gearey, M. (2016). Participation or exploitation: How can concepts of community and privatization coalesce around water efficiency approaches?. British Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 6(3), 2231-4784.
Ghishray, S. (2007). Searching for Human Rights to Water amidst Corporate Privatization in India: Hindustan Coca-Cola Pvt. Ltd. V. Perumatty Grama Panchayat. Georgetown International Environmental Law Review 19(4), 643- 672.
Gleick, P.H. (1998). The Human Right to Water. Water Policy 1(1998), 487-503. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.487.6590&rep=rep1&type=pdf
Haber, H. (2011). Regulating-for-Welfare: A Comparative Study of Regulatory Welfare Regimes in the Israeli, British, and Swedish Electricity Sectors. Law and Policy 33(1), 116-148. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9930.2010.00332.x
Islamy, M.I. (2009). Prinsip-prinsip Perumusan Kebijakan Negara. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Kasim, H., & Anindyajati, T. (2016). Constitutional Perspectives Regarding the Position of State and Private Sector in Water Resources Management Based on the 1945 Constitution. Jurnal Konstitusi 13(2), 455-479.
Larson, R.B. (2013). The New Right in Water. Washington and Lee Law Review 70(2), 2181-2267. https://scholarlycommons.law.wlu.edu/wlulr/vol70/iss4/10/
Majone, G. (1997). From the Positive to the Regulatory State: Causes and Consequences of Changes in the Mode of Governance. Journal of Public Policy, 17(2), 139-167. Retrieved May 3, 2020, from www.jstor.org/stable/4007608
Marcuzzo, M.C. (2010). Keynes and the Welfare State. http://www.ie.ufrj.br/eventos/seminarios/pesquisa/texto_02_12.pdf
Montesquieu, C.S.B. (2001). The Spirit of Law. Canada: Batoche Books.
Mertokusumo, S. (2012). Teori Hukum. Yogyakarta: Cahaya Atma Pustaka.
Mertokusumo, S. (2015). Penemuan Hukum: Suatu Pengantar. Yogyakarta: Liberty.
Nonet, P. (1999). For Jurisprudential Sociology. International Journal Law & Society. University of California, Berkeley
Nonet, P., & Selznick, P. (2001). Law and Society Transition: Toward Responsive Law, in Satya Arinanto, Political Law 2. Jakarta: Collection of Law Political Lecture Papers, FH UIEU Postgraduate Program.
Nonet, P., & Selznick, P. (2013). Responsive Law, trans. Raisul Muttaqien, Bandung: Nusa Media.
Parsons, W. (2002). From Muddling Through to Muddling Up-Evidence Based Policy Making and the Modernisation of British Government. Public Policy and Administration 17(3), 43-60. https://doi.org/10.1177/095207670201700304.
Parker, C. (2008). The Pluralization of Regulation. Theoretical Inquiries in Law 9(2), 349-369. https://www7.tau.ac.il/ojs/index.php/til/article/view/687/646.
Petrova, V. (2006). At the Frontiers of the Rush for Blue Gold: Water Privatization and the Human Right to Water. Brooklyn Journal of International Law 31(1), 577-625.
Pierson, P. (2010). The New Politics of The Welfare State. International Journal of Public Policy 18(1), 245-316.
Praja, J.S. (2011). Legal Theory and Its Application. Bandung: CV Setia Loyal.
Rasyidi, L. (2012). Legal Philosophy. Bandung: Remadja Karya.
Rodiyah, R. (2012). Aspek Demokrasi Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah dalam Perspektif Socio-Legal. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 41(1), 144-152. doi:10.14710/mmh.41.1.2012.144-152.
Rodiyah, R., Waspiah, W., & Setiawan, A. (2015). Acceleration Model in Obtaining Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) On Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Semarang City Central Java. International Journal of Business, Economics and Law 6(4), 18-26
Rodiyah, R. (2016). Ideologi Kiblat Pembaharuan Hukum Indonesia. Seminar Nasional Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang 2(1), 65-78.
Rokhmad, A. (2012). Progressive Law of Thought Satjipto Rahardjo in Perspective of Maslahah Theory. Thesis, Semarang: Postgraduate IAIN Walisongo Semarang.
Saifullah, S. (2013). Reflections on Legal Sociology. Bandung: Aditama.
Salim, HS & Nurbani, E.S. (2013). Penerapan Teori Hukum pada Penelitian Disertasi dan Tesis. Jakarta: PT. Raja GrafindoPersada.
Salman, S.O., & Susanto, A.F. (2010). Legal Theory: Remembering, Collecting, and Reopening, Bandung: Refika Aditama.
Setiyono, B. (2012). Bureaucracy in Political and Administrative Perspectives. Bandung: Nuansa.
Shohibuddin, M. (2016). Peluang dan Tantangan Undang-Undang Desa dalam Upaya Demokratisasi Tata Kelola Sumber Daya Alam Desa: Perspektif Agraria Kritis. MASYARAKAT: Jurnal Sosiologi 21(1), 1-33.
Spicker, P. (2000). The Welfare State. A General Theory. London: SAGE Publications.
Sriyono, E. (2015). Tantangan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Air (PSDA) Sesudah Dibatalkannya Undang-Undang RI No. 7 Tahun 2004 tentang Sumber Daya Air (UU SDA). Proceedings Seminar Nasional Teknik Sipil UMS 5(1), 208-213. https://publikasiilmiah.ums.ac.id/handle/11617/6437.
Subarsono, A.G. (2011). Analisis Kebijakan Publik. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Suwandoko, S., & Rodiyah, R. (2018). The Implementation of Bureaucratic Reform Pillars in Increasing Taxpayer Compliance at Semarang Tax Service Office. JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies) 3(1), 5-28. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v3i01.23244
Tjokroamidjojo, B., & Mustopadidjaya, M. (2009). Development Policy and Administration Development Theory and Application. Jakarta: LP3ES.
Vinata. R.T. (2016). Power of Sharing Sumber Daya Kelautan Republik Indonesia. Legality: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 24(2), 213-223.
Wahab, S.A. (2011). Analisis Kebijakan: Dari Formulasi Ke Penyusunan Model Model Implementasi Kebijakan Publik. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Widodo, J. (2001). Etika Birokrasi dalam Pelayanan Publik. Malang: Citra Media.
Widodo, J. (2004). Membangun Birokrasi Berbasis Kinerja. Malang: Banyumedia.
Williams, M. (2007). Privatization and the Human Rights to Water: Challenges for the New Century. Michigan Journal of International Law 28(1), 469-579.
Winarno, B. (2014). Public Policy (Process Theory and Case Study). Yogyakarta: Center of Academic Publishing Service (CAPS).
Zain, M. (2017). Politics of Law on the State Control of Oil and Gas in Indonesia: Gas Liberalization and the Hesitancy of Constitutional Court. JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies), 1(1), 69-86. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v1i01.16569