Has Women's Participation in Local Government Been Strengthened? A Legal and Political Analysis in Riau Province?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.vol9i1.4540Keywords:
Women’s participation, Village Consultative Body, Local Government, DemocracyAbstract
This research delves into the critical role of women within the Village Consultative Body in Siak, Indonesia, with the aim of bolstering their involvement in local community empowerment endeavors. Employing a comprehensive sociological-legal research approach and drawing from a diverse array of data sources—ranging from primary field research to secondary and tertiary literature—the study offers profound insights into the multifaceted dynamics of women's roles within these bodies. Despite strides made in recent years towards gender equality, the study reveals persistent limitations hindering women's full participation in the Village Consultative Body. Cultural norms, deeply ingrained in societal structures, often perpetuate traditional gender roles, constraining women's agency in decision-making processes. Additionally, disparities in education levels and limited access to resources further marginalize women's involvement. However, amidst these challenges, the study illuminates the invaluable contributions of women to community development within the Village Consultative Body. Their participation not only brings diverse perspectives to the decision-making table but also fosters the development of better human resources within the community. In light of these findings, the study advocates for concerted efforts to bolster women's engagement in local governance structures. This includes initiatives aimed at challenging and reshaping entrenched cultural norms that inhibit women's agency, as well as addressing systemic barriers to education and resource access. Furthermore, recognizing the vital role of women in community development, the study underscores the need for targeted interventions to support and empower women within the Village Consultative Body. In conclusion, the research underscores the imperative of addressing the multifaceted challenges faced by women in their pursuit of equality and active participation in local developmental processes. By fostering an environment that values and amplifies women's voices and contributions, local governance structures can become more inclusive, responsive, and effective in addressing the diverse needs of their communities.
Downloads
References
Acemoglu, Daron, and Alexander Wolitzky. “A Theory of Equality before the Law.” The Economic Journal 131, no. 636 (2021): 1429–65.
Alawiyah, T. Perempuan Dan Masyarakat Pembelajaran. (Jakarta: Legasi, 2022).
Alfiyah, Nur Inna, and Dwi Listia Rika Tini. “The Role of Women Village Heads in Decision Making Process in Lembung Timur Village.” Journal of Local Government Issues (LOGOS) 4, no. 2 (2021): 90–105.
Anwar, S. D. Perencanaan dan Pengangggaran Yang Responsif Gender (PPRG) Daerah. (Jakarta: Kementrian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Anak, 2013).
Arvonne, S Fraser. “Becoming Human: The Origins and Development of Women’s Human Rights.” In Equality and Non-Discrimination under International Law. (London: Routledge, 2017), pp. 215-268.
Blossfeld, Hans-Peter, and Kathleen Kiernan. The New Role of Women: Family Formation in Modern Societies. (London: Routledge, 2019).
Bock, Bettina B. “Gender Mainstreaming and Rural Development Policy; the Trivialisation of Rural Gender Issues.” Gender, Place & Culture 22, no. 5 (2015): 731–45.
Boehnke, Mandy. “Gender Role Attitudes around the Globe: Egalitarian vs. Traditional Views.” Asian Journal of Social Science 39, no. 1 (2011): 57–74.
Boserup, Ester, Nazneen Kanji, Su Fei Tan, and Camilla Toulmin. Woman’s Role in Economic Development. (London: Routledge, 2013).
Braun, Michael. “Using Egalitarian Items to Measure Men’s and Women’s Family Roles.” Sex Roles 59, no. 9 (2008): 644–56.
Bustelo, María. “Three Decades of State Feminism and Gender Equality Policies in Multi-Governed Spain.” Sex Roles 74 (2016): 107–20.
Casinowsky, Gunilla Bergström. “Working Life on the Move, Domestic Life at Standstill? Work‐related Travel and Responsibility for Home and Family.” Gender, Work & Organization 20, no. 3 (2013): 311–26.
Cépeda, Paola, Hadas Kotek, Katharina Pabst, and Kristen Syrett. “Gender Bias in Linguistics Textbooks: Has Anything Changed since Macaulay & Brice 1997?” Language 97, no. 4 (2021): 678–702.
Cook, Sarah and Steve Macaulay. Perfect Empowerment. (Jakarta: PT Elex Media Komputindo, 1997).
Cornwall, Andrea. “Women’s Empowerment: What Works?” Journal of International Development 28, no. 3 (2016): 342–59.
Dalla Costa, Mariarosa, and Selma James. “The Power of Women and the Subversion of the Community.” Class: The Anthology, 2017, 79–86.
Emslie, Carol, and Kate Hunt. “‘Live to Work’or ‘Work to Live’? A Qualitative Study of Gender and Work–Life Balance among Men and Women in Mid‐life.” Gender, Work & Organization 16, no. 1 (2009): 151–72.
Epstein, Cynthia F. Woman’s Place: Options and Limits in Professional Careers. Univ of California Press, 2022.
Fahrian, Ion, Ridwan Melay, and Marwoto Saiman. “Bab Al-Qawa’id: Kesultanan Siak Dibawah Pemerintahan Sultan Sultan Syarif Hasyim Abdul Jalil Syarifuddin 1889-1908.” Riau University, n.d.
Febrian, Ranggi Ade, Andriyus Andriyus, and Mendra Wijaya. “Regional Government Innovation Development Strategy in Indonesia,” 2021.
Firdaus, Emilda. “Bentuk Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia.” Jurnal Konstitusi 1, no. 01 (2008).
Fitriana, Dhea. “Penyelenggaraan Fungsi Badan Permusyawaratan Kampung (BAPEKAM) Di Kampung Rantau Bertuah Kecamatan Minas Kabupaten Siak.” Universitas Islam Riau, 2022.
Ford, Lynne. Women and Politics: The Pursuit of Equality. (London: Routledge, 2018).
Fraile, Marta. “Do Women Know Less about Politics than Men? The Gender Gap in Political Knowledge in Europe.” Social Politics 21, no. 2 (2014): 261–89.
Godwin, Ihemeje. “The Need for Participation of Women in Local Governance: A Nigerian Discourse.” International Journal of Educational Administration and Policy Studies 5, no. 4 (2013): 59–66.
Hakim, Moh, and Riza Taufiqul. “Efektifitas Penegakan Hukum Undang-Undang No 23 Tahun 2004 Tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Studi Kasus Di Kabupaten Ponorogo).” IAIN Ponorogo, 2023.
Hasbullah, Rizan, Febri Yuliani, and Hasim As’ ari. “Ambiguity and Conflict in the Implementation of Policies for Determining Traditional Villages in Siak Regency.” Publica: Jurnal Pemikiran Administrasi Negara 14, no. 2 (2022): 180–88.
Haug, Michaela. “Men, Women, and Environmental Change in Indonesia: The Gendered Face of Development among the Dayak Benuaq.” Advances in Southeast Asian Studies 10, no. 1 (2017): 29–46.
Hillman, Ben. “The Limits of Gender Quotas: Women’s Parliamentary Representation in Indonesia.” Journal of Contemporary Asia 48, no. 2 (2018): 322–38.
Holli, Anne Maria. “Strong Together? A Comparative Study of the Impact of the Women’s Movement on Policy-Making in Finland.” In Women’s Citizenship and Political Rights. (New York: Springer, 2006), pp. 127-153.
Hora, Endale Alemu. “Factors That Affect Women Participation in Leadership and Decision Making Position.” Asian Journal of Humanity, Art and Literature 1, no. 2 (2014).
Indah, Indah. “Peran-Peran Perempuan dalam Masyarakat.” Academica 5, no. 2 (2013).
Ismail, Ismail, Yusuf Hidayat, and Ahmad Yunani. “Effectiveness of Village Fund Management in Community Empowerment.” International Journal Political, Law, and Social Science 3, no. 1 (2022).
Kabullah, Muhammad Ichsan, Wewen Kusumi Rahayu, and Rifki Dermawan. “Women’s Representation on Forest Transfer Policy in Siak Regency.” In ICGCS 2021: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Gender, Culture and Society, ICGCS 2021, 30-31 August 2021, Padang, Indonesia, 111. European Alliance for Innovation, 2022.
Kiamba, Josephine M. “Women and Leadership Positions: Social and Cultural Barriers to Success.” Wagadu Volume 6 Journal of International Women’s Studies Volume 10: 1, 2009, 89.
Kumar, Pankaj. “Participation of Women in Politics: Worldwide Experience.” IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) 12, no. 77–88 (2017). https://ssrn.com/abstract=3399829.
Langer, Ana, Afaf Meleis, Felicia M Knaul, Rifat Atun, Meltem Aran, Hector Arreola-Ornelas, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Agnes Binagwaho, Ruth Bonita, and Jacquelyn M Caglia. “Women and Health: The Key for Sustainable Development.” The Lancet 386, no. 9999 (2015): 1165–1210.
Larasati, Novia Puspa Ayu. “Gender Inequality in Indonesia: Facts and Legal Analysis.” Law Research Review Quarterly 7, no. 4 (2021): 445–58.
Lucy, William. “Equality under and before the Law.” University of Toronto Law Journal 61, no. 3 (2011): 411–65.
Maani, Karjuni DT “Teori ACTORS dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat.” Jurnal Demokrasi 10, no. 1 (2011).
Mandara, Christina Geoffrey, Anke Niehof, and Hilje Van Der Horst. “Women and Rural Water Management: Token Representatives or Paving the Way to Power?” Water Alternatives 10, no. 1 (2017): 116–33.
Martin, Nuria Elena Ramos. “Positive Action in EU Gender Equality Law: Promoting Women in Corporate Decision-Making Positions.” Spanish Labour Law and Employment Relations Journal 3, no. 1–2 (2014): 20–33.
Merkle, Ortrun. “Anti-Corruption and Gender: The Role of Women’s Political Participation.” WFD Anti-Corruption and Integrity Series 4 (2022).
Mervis, Zungura, M Box, Mt Pleasant, Nyemba Eve, Mutasa Florence, and Muronza Caroline. “The Relationship between Democracy and Women Participation in Politics.” Journal of Public Administration and Governance 3, no. 1 (2013): 168–76.
Moghadam, Valentine M, and Lucie Senftova. “Measuring Women’s Empowerment: Participation and Rights in Civil, Political, Social, Economic, and Cultural Domains.” International Social Science Journal 57, no. 184 (2005): 389–412.
Moser, Caroline. Gender Planning and Development: Theory, Practice and Training. Routledge, 2012.
Muhajir, M. Darwin. Negara dan Perempuan. (Yogyakarta: Media Wacana, 2005).
Nadya Thamariskha, Nadya Thamariskha. “Penerapan Asas Persamaan Dihadapan Hukum (Equality Before The Law) Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Umum Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) di Wilayah Hukum Polres Sarolangun.” Universitas Batanghari, 2022.
Nizarli, Riza. Hukum Acara Pidana. Banda Aceh: CV Bina Nanggroe, 2012).
Parssinen, Catherine. “The Changing Role of Women.” In King Faisal and the Modernisation of Saudi Arabia. (London: Routledge, 2019), pp. 145-170.
Poerwandari, Elizabeth Kristi, Ratna Batara Munti, and Jackie Viemilawati. “Pro-Women’s Policy Advocacy Movements in Indonesia: Struggles and Reflections.” Asian Journal of Women’s Studies 24, no. 4 (2018): 489–509.
Poortman, Anne‐Rigt, and Tanja Van Der Lippe. “Attitudes toward Housework and Child Care and the Gendered Division of Labor.” Journal of Marriage and Family 71, no. 3 (2009): 526–41.
Porter, Elisabeth. “Women, Political Decision-Making, and Peace-Building.” Global Change, Peace & Security 15, no. 3 (2003): 245–62.
Prasetyo, Teguh. Hukum Pidana. (Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2011).
Purnomo, Eko Priyo, Rijal Ramdani, Rendra Setyadiharja, and Ady Muzwardi. Collaborative Governance dalam Tata Kelola Hutan Berbasis Masyarakat. Lembaga Penelitian, Publikasi, dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, 2018.
Rahayu, Ninik. “Kesetaraan Gender Dalam Aturan Hukum Dan Implementasinya Di Indonesia Gender Equality in the Rule of Law in Indonesian and Implementation.” Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia 9, no. 1 (2012): 15–32.
Rodda, Annabel. Women and the Environment. (London: Zed Books Ltd., 1991).
Rowbotham, Sheila. Women in Movement (Routledge Revivals): Feminism and Social Action. (London: Routledge, 2013).
Santoso, Lukman. “Construction of Village Autonomy Regulation in Achieving People’s Welfare: Critical Review Law Number 6 of 2014 on Villages.” Al-Daulah: Jurnal Hukum Dan Perundangan Islam 11, no. 1 (2021): 47–74.
Sapiro, Virginia. “The Gender Basis of American Social Policy.” In Welfare Law, 545–62. (London: Routledge, 2020).
Shihab, M Quraish. “ Membumikan” Al-Quran: Fungsi Dan Peran Wahyu Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat. (Jakarta: Mizan Pustaka, 2007_.
Sultana, Abeda. “Patriarchy and Women s Subordination: A Theoretical Analysis.” Arts Faculty Journal 4 (2012): 1–18.
Supandi, Ahmad. “Kesultanan Siak Sri Indra Pura: Islam Dan Perlawanan Terhadap Kolonialisme Pada Tahun 1706-1946 M,” n.d.
Tobias, Sheila. Faces of Feminism: An Activist’s Reflections on the Women’s Movement. (London: Routledge, 2018).
Triana, T. “Kesetaraan Gender dalam Kepemimpinan.” Posmetro Indragiri, 2023.
True, Jacqui. “The Political Economy of Violence against Women: A Feminist International Relations Perspective.” Australian Feminist Law Journal 32, no. 1 (2010): 39–59.
Ventura, Ana Maria, Lourdes Morillas, Maria Amélia Martins-Loução, and Cristina Cruz. “Women’s Empowerment, Research, and Management: Their Contribution to Social Sustainability.” Sustainability 13, no. 22 (2021): 12754.
Wahyudi, Very. “Peran Politik Perempuan Dalam Persfektif Gender.” Politea: Jurnal Politik Islam 1, no. 1 (2018): 63–83.
Wayan, Krisna Yuda I, and Subanda Nyoman. “Women and Cultural Patriarchy in Politics.” Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal) Vol 3, no. 3 (2020): 2158–64.
Women, U N. “Women’s Representation in Local Government: A Global Analysis.” Hämtad 27 (2021): 2001–22.
Y Lalaguna, Paloma Duran, and Ekaterina Dorodnykh. “Gender Equality and Sustainable Development.” Asian Development Perspectives (ADP) 9, no. 1 (2018): 1–11.
Downloads
Article ID
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
All writings published in this journal are personal views of the authors and do not represent the views of this journal and the author's affiliated institutions. Author(s) retain copyrights under the licence of Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0).
