Penal Policy: Decriminalization of Election Crimes in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15294/pandecta.v19i2.8831Keywords:
Penal Policy, Decriminalization, Election Crimes, IndonesiaAbstract
Several election crime articles in Law No. 7/2017 are suspected of causing injustice to subjects who commit election infractions, particularly civil servants, village heads, and election organizers. The potential for injustice arises because the imposition of election crimes on civil servants, village heads, and election organizers causes all three to receive double jeopardy, although double jeopardy is contrary to the constitution and human rights, meaning that enacting election crimes is unfair to all three. These intrigues should be resolved immediately to achieve legal justice for all three. To answer these dynamics, further research needs to be carried out to find out where the injustice lies and the appropriate solution to overcome it. This research utilizes normative legal or doctrinal to examine injustice and find appropriate advisers. The penal policy approach is the right measure to eliminate injustice in election crime articles in Law No. 7/2017. This injustice is precisely in Articles 490, 494, and 546 of Law No. 7/2017 which regulates criminal sanctions for civil servants, village heads, and election organizers who commit election crimes. Decriminalization of Articles 490, 494, and 546 of Law No. 7/2017 needs to be applied because the application of these three articles has caused civil servants, villages, and election organizers to receive double jeopardy, while double jeopardy is contrary to the constitution and human rights so that the application of these three articles is real injustice.
References
Academic Text Of Law Number 7 Of 2017 On The General Election. Https://Berkas.Dpr.Go.Id/Akd/Dokumen/RJ1-20161117-115025-2971.Pdf. Accessed October 10, 2024.
Achmad, Dirga, And Aulia Audri Rahman. “Kontra Produktif Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 29/PUU-XXI/2023 Mengenai Batas Usia Capres-Cawapres.” Jurnal Esensi Hukum 6, No. 1 (2024): 1-14. Https://Doi.Org/10.35586/Jsh.V6i1.323.
Aji, Alan Bayu. “Inkonsistensi Mahkamah Konstitusi Tentang Pemberian Kedudukan Hukum Pemohon Dalam Putusan Nomor 90/PUU-XXI/2023 Dengan Putusan Nomor 74/PUU-XVII/2020.” Soedirman Law Review 5, No. 4 (2023): 40-56. Https://Doi.Org/10.20884/1.Slr.2023.5.4.16059.
Amrani, Hanafi. “Politik Pembaruan Hukum Pidana.” Yogyakarta: UII Press, 2019.
Andiraharja, Diyar Ginanjar. “Politik Hukum Pada Penanganan Tindak Pidana Pemilu.” Khazanah Hukum 2, No. 2 (2020): 24-31. Https://Doi.Org/10.15575/Kh.V2i1.7681.
Arief, Barda Nawawi. “Tujuan Dan Pedoman Pemidanaan.” Semarang: Badan Penerbit Magister, 2011.
Ayala, Carlos J. “Universal Declaration Of Human Rights, Article 5.” Poetry 217, No. 3 (2020): 282. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/27202814.
Bilatu, Ramlan. “Netralitas Kepala Desa Dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemilihan Bupati Tahun 2015 (Suatu Studi Tentang Undang-Undang No. 6 Tahun 2014 Di Desa Bulaemo B Kecamatan Bualemo).” Politico: Jurnal Ilmu Politik 3, No. 1 (2016).
Bland, Ben. “Politics In Indonesia: Resilient Elections, Defective Democracy.” Lowy Institute For International Policy, 2019. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/Resrep19782.
Burden, Barry C., David T. Canon, Kenneth R. Mayer, And Donald P. Moynihan. “Election Laws, Mobilization, And Turnout: The Unanticipated Consequences Of Election Reform.” American Journal Of Political Science 58, No. 1 (2014): 95–109. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/24363471.
Cahya, Fikri Z. R., Untung S. Hardjanto, And Untung D. Hananto. “Politik Hukum Undang-Undang No.7 Tahun 2017 Tentang Pemilihan Umum Mengenai Badan Pengawas Pemilu.” Diponegoro Law Journal 8, No. 1 (2019): 281-304. Https://Doi.Org/10.14710/Dlj.2019.25336.
Chandra SY, Helmi, And Shelvin Putri Irawan. 2022. “Perluasan Makna Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi”. Jurnal Konstitusi 19 (4):766-93. Https://Doi.Org/10.31078/Jk1942.
Choi, Nankyung. “Democracy And Patrimonial Politics In Local Indonesia.” Indonesia, No. 88 (2009): 131–64. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/40376488.
Chroust, Anton-Hermann. “The Philosophy Of Law Of Gustav Radbruch.” The Philosophical Review 53, No. 1 (1944): 23–45. Https://Doi.Org/10.2307/2181218.
Constitutional Court Decision Number 91/PUU-XVIII/2020.
Constitutional Court Decision Number 03-03/PHPU.DPD-XXII/2024.
De Graaf, H. J. “The Indonesian Declaration Of Independence: 17th Of August 1945.” Bijdragen Tot De Taal-, Land- En Volkenkunde 115, No. 4 (1959): 305–27. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/27860204.
Ellis, Mark. “The Right To Fair Trials Under International Law.” Proceedings Of The Annual Meeting (American Society Of International Law) 111 (2017): 79–88.
Engisch, Karl. “GUSTAV RADBRUCH ALS RECHTSPHILOSOPH.” Archiv Für Rechts- Und Sozialphilosophie 38, No. 3 (1950): 305–16. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/23677842.
Fadillah, Nor. “Analisis Metode Penafsiran Mahkamah Konstitusi Dalam Perumusan Putusan Nomor 91/PUU-XVIII/2020 Terkait Pengujian Formil Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja.” Lex Renaissance 7, No. 4 (2023): 726-44. Https://Doi.Org/10.20885/JLR.Vol7.Iss4.Art4.
Fahmi, Khairul. “Sistem Penanganan Tindak Pidana Pemilu.” Jurnal Konstitusi 12, No. 2 (2015): 265-283. Https://Doi.Org/10.31078/Jk1224.
Fuadi, Abdul Basid. “Politik Hukum Pengaturan Keserentakan Pemilu.” Jurnal Konstitusi 18, No. 3 (2022): 702-23. Https://Doi.Org/10.31078/Jk18310.
Gough, Jamie. “Why The Labour Party Lost The British 2019 General Election: Social Democracy Versus Neoliberalism And The Far Right.” Class, Race And Corporate Power 8, No. 2 (2020). Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/48644421.
Government Regulation Number 53 Of 2010 On The Discipline Of Civil Servants.
Government Regulation Number 42 Of 2004 On Developments Of Corps Spirit And Code Of Ethics Of Civil Servants.
Hakiki, Yuniar Riza, And Zaqil Widad. “Konstitusionalitas Sistem Proporsional Terbuka Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi.” In Prosiding Seminar Hukum Aktual: Dinamika Dan Tantangan Pemilu 2024, 15-29. 2024.
Hosen, Nadirsyah. “Religion And The Indonesian Constitution: A Recent Debate.” Journal Of Southeast Asian Studies 36, No. 3 (2005): 419–40. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/20072669.
Jain, S. N. “Doctrinal And Non-Doctrinal Legal Research.” Journal Of The Indian Law Institute 17, No. 4 (1975): 516–36. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/43953840.
Junger-Tas, Josine. “Sentencing In The Netherlands: Context And Policy.” Federal Sentencing Reporter 7, No. 6 (1995): 293–99. Https://Doi.Org/10.2307/20639820.
Keudel, Oleksandra. “Transforming Patronal Democracy Bottom-Up: Two Logics Of Local Governance In Ukraine.” In Ukraine’s Patronal Democracy And The Russian Invasion: The Russia-Ukraine War, Volume One, Edited By Bálint Madlovics And Bálint Magyar, 373–94. Central European University Press, 2023. Https://Doi.Org/10.7829/Jj.3985461.17.
Kennedi, John. “Kebijakan Hukum Pidana (Penal Policy) Dalam Sistem Penegakan Hukum Di Indonesia.” Yogyakarta: Penerbit Pustaka Pelajar, 2017.
Lanang Rakayoga, Gusti. “Displin Pegawai Negeri Sipil Berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tahun 2010 Ditinjau Dari Aspek Hukum Kepegawaian Di Indonesia.” Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum Dan Keadilan 2, No. 5 (2014): 325-37. Https://Doi.Org/10.12345/Ius.V2i5.173.
Law Number 7 Of 2017 On The General Election.
Law Number 12 Of 2011 On The Establishment Of Laws And Regulations.
Law Number 15 Of 2019 On The Amendment Of Law Number 12 Of 2011 On The Establishment Of Laws And Regulations.
Law Number 13 Of 2022 On The Second Amendment Of Law Number 12 Of 2011 On The Establishment Of Laws And Regulations.
Law Number 6 Of 2014 On Village
Mahfud MD, Moh. “Politik Hukum Di Indonesia.” Depok: Rajawali Pers, 2018.
Maroni. “Pengantar Politik Hukum Pidana.” Bandar Lampung: Penerbit Aura, 2016.
Mietzner, Marcus. “Political Conflict Resolution And Democratic Consolidation In Indonesia: The Role Of The Constitutional Court.” Journal Of East Asian Studies 10, No. 3 (2010): 397–424. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/23418865.
Muchtar, Ichsan Ariansyah, And Andi Safriani. “Tindak Pidana Pemilu Yang Dilakukan Oleh Kepala Desa Di Kabupaten Takalar.” ALDEV 2, No. 3 (2020): 270-75. Https://Doi.Org/10.24252/Aldev.V2i3.12617.
Naibaho, Nathalina, Et Al. “Criministrative Law: Developments And Challenges In Indonesia.” Indonesia Law Review 11, No. 1 (2021): 1-14. Doi:10.15742/Ilrev.V11n1.647.
Nawawi, Juanda, Muhammad Tamar, And Indrayani. “Kode Etik Aparatur Sipil Negara.” KRITIS: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik 5, No. 1 (2019): 1-6.
Norden, Lawrence, Christopher R. Deluzio, And Gowri Ramachandran. “A Framework For Election Vendor Oversight: Safeguarding America’s Election Systems.” Brennan Center For Justice, 2019. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/Resrep28489.
Prasetyo, Teguh. “Kriminalisasi Dalam Hukum Pidana.” Bandung: Nusa Media, 2010.
Pukelsheim, Friedrich, And Kai-Friederike Oelbermann. “Reform Of The European Electoral Law.” Zeitschrift Für Staats- Und Europawissenschaften (ZSE) / Journal For Comparative Government And European Policy 12, No. 4 (2014): 549–59. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/26165598.
Putuhena, M. Ilham F. “Politik Hukum Perundang-Undangan: Mempertegas Reformasi Legislasi Yang Progresif.” Jurnal Rechtsvinding 2, No. 3 (2013): 375-395. Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.33331/Rechtsvinding.V2i3.66.
Rahayu, Susi Dian. “Modus Kelalaian Kerja Dalam Proses Pemilu.” Jurnal Etika & Pemilu 4, No. 1 (2018): 27-39.
Ramadhani, Farid Maulana. “Pelanggaran Kampanye Pemilihan Umum Perspektif Fikih Jinâyah.” Al-Daulah: Jurnal Hukum Dan Perundangan Islam 11, No. 1 (2021): 39-54. Https://Doi.Org/10.33086/Daulah.V11i1.1691.
Sapii, Rahmat Bijak Setiawan, Andre Hartian Susanto, And Axcel Deyong Aponno. “Kekosongan Hukum Peraturan Penyelesaian Sengketa Proses Pemilu: Hambatan Pemilu Demokratis Dan Berintegritas Rezim Orde Baru.” JAPHTN-HAN 1, No. 1 (2022): 1-17. Https://Doi.Org/10.55292/Japhtnhan.V1i1.3.
Siahaan, Maruarar. “Integrasi Konstitusional Kewenangan Judicial Review Mahkamah Konstitusi Dan Mahkamah Agung.” Jurnal Konstitusi 17, No. 4 (2021): 729-52. Https://Doi.Org/10.31078/Jk1742.
Singal, Gian Marvin. “Akibat Hukum Bagi Kepala Desa Yang Tidak Melaksanakan Tugas Dan Kewajibannya Sesuai Dengan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Yang Berlaku.” Lex Crimen 10, No. 13 (2021): 155-63.
Solomon, Peter H. “Criminalization And Decriminalization In Soviet Criminal Policy, 1917-1941.” Law & Society Review 16, No. 1 (1981): 9–43. Https://Doi.Org/10.2307/3053548.
Sudrajat, Tedi, And Sri Hartini. “Rekonstruksi Hukum Atas Pola Penanganan Pelanggaran Asas Netralitas Pegawai Negeri Sipil.” MIMBAR HUKUM 29, No. 3 (2017): 445-60. Https://Doi.Org/10.22146/Jmh.26233.
Sulaiman, Baihaki, And Yoyoh Rohaniah. “Analisis Pemilu Dengan Sistem Proporsional Terbuka.” Petanda: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi Dan Humaniora 4, No. 2 (2022): 85-105. Https://Doi.Org/10.32509/Petanda.V4i2.3319.
Sunstein, Cass R. “On The Expressive Function Of Law.” University Of Pennsylvania Law Review 144, No. 5 (1996): 2021–53. Https://Doi.Org/10.2307/3312647.
Suparto, And Despan Heryansyah. “Keadilan Pemilu Dalam Perkara Pidana Pemilu: Studi Terhadap Putusan Pengadilan.” Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM 29, No. 2 (2022): 347-70. Https://Doi.Org/10.20885/Iustum.Vol29.Iss2.Art6.
Suranto, Suranto, Nasrullah Nasrullah, And Tanto Lailam. “Model Rekrutmen Penyelenggara Pemilu Yang Independen Dan Berintegritas Di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta”. Jurnal Konstitusi 17, No. 1 (2020): 054-079. Https://Doi.Org/10.31078/Jk1713.
Syam, Fauzi, Helmi, And Fitria. “PENGUJIAN KEPUTUSAN PEMBERHENTIAN TIDAK DENGAN HORMAT SEBAGAI PNS KARENA MELALUKAN TINDAK PIDANA KEJAHATAN JABATAN DI PERADILAN TATA USAHA NEGARA.” Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure 20, No. 1 (2020): 49-70. Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.30641/Dejure.2020.V20.49-70
Takács, Judit, And Tamás P. Tóth. “Liberating Pathologization? The Historical Background Of The 1961 Decriminalization Of Homosexuality In Hungary.” The Hungarian Historical Review 10, No. 2 (2021): 267–300. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/27115451.
The Honorary Council Of Election Organizers Regulation Number 2 Of 2017 On The Code Of Ethics And The Code Of Conduct Of Election Organizers.
The Indonesian Constitution Of 1945.
Ward, Ian. “Radbruch’s ‘Rechtsphilosophie’: Law, Morality And Form.” ARSP: Archiv Für Rechts- Und Sozialphilosophie / Archives For Philosophy Of Law And Social Philosophy 78, No. 3 (1992): 332–54. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/23679995.
Warburton, Eve, And Edward Aspinall. “Explaining Indonesia’s Democratic Regression: Structure, Agency And Popular Opinion.” Contemporary Southeast Asia 41, No. 2 (2019): 255–85. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/26798854.
Watson, Alan. “Comparative Law And Legal Change.” The Cambridge Law Journal 37, No. 2 (1978): 313–36. Http://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/4506104.
Wibowo, Syahir H., R. Farhan, And Wan Adrian Rizky Akbar. “Pelanggaran Kode Etik Lembaga Penyelenggara Pemilu Pada Pelaksanaan Pilkada Kabupaten Kebumen Tahun 2020.” UNES Law Review 6, No. 1 (2023): 658-66. Https://Doi.Org/10.31933/Unesrev.V6i1.795.
Yani, Ahmad. “Penataan Pemilihan Kepala Desa Dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Di Indonesia”. Jurnal Konstitusi 19, No. 2 (2022): 456-78. Https://Doi.Org/10.31078/Jk1929.
Zucca, Lorenzo. “The Constitution Of Criminal Law.” The University Of Toronto Law Journal 70 (2020): 27–43. Https://Www.Jstor.Org/Stable/26909376.
Zulaiha, Aida Ratna, And Sari Angraeni. “Menerapkan Biaya Sosial Korupsi Sebagai Hukuman Finansial Dalam Kasus Korupsi Kehutanan.” Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi 2, No. 1 (2018): 1-24. Https://Doi.Org/10.32697/Integritas.V2i1.136
Downloads
Published
Article ID
8831Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Azil Maskur, Pujiyono, Irma Cahyaningtyas, Wildan Azkal Fikri, Faikar Sir Zadataqi (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0) is an open-access license that facilitates the sharing and adaptation of creative works while ensuring proper attribution and preserving the same freedoms for derivative works. This license is designed to be user-friendly and applicable globally, making it a popular choice for a wide range of content, from academic articles to creative arts.
At its core, the Attribution component of the CC BY-SA 4.0 license requires users to give appropriate credit to the original creator of the work. This includes providing a clear citation, linking to the license, and indicating any modifications made. The attribution must be done in a way that does not imply endorsement by the creator of the new use or its creator. This ensures that the original authors are acknowledged for their contributions while allowing their work to be freely used and disseminated.
The ShareAlike aspect of the license mandates that any derivative works or adaptations created from the original must be licensed under the same CC BY-SA 4.0 terms. This means that new works based on the original content must also be freely available and shareable under the same conditions. This provision helps to promote a culture of collaboration and continuous improvement, as it ensures that all adaptations remain accessible to the public and contribute to the collective pool of knowledge and creativity.
