Properti Psikometri Beck Hopelessness Scale pada Populasi Non-Klinis Indonesia
(1) Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Padjadjaran
(2) Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Padjadjaran
(3) Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Padjadjaran
Abstract
Teori hopelessness dari Beck telah dibuktikan memiliki struktur yang berbeda di populasi non-klinis. Hal ini diasumsikan karena konsep hopelessness tidak terlalu kuat pada populasi non-klinis. Penelitian pada populasi non-klinis dibutuhkan agar kita dapat memahami konstruk ini lebih lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau properti psikometri dari Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) pada populasi non-klinis di Indonesia. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah convenience sampling (N = 295) dan instrumen yang digunakan adalah translasi BHS dengan skala likert 6 skala. Properti psikometri ditinjau melalui analisis reliabilitas, daya diskriminasi, dan validitas. Reliabilitas internal consistency menunjukkan bahwa alat ukur ini memiliki reliabilitas yang tinggi (α = 0.918) dengan daya diskriminasi item berada di rentang 0.39 – 0.78. Confirmatory factor analysis menunjukkan bahwa model hierarchical (second-order) 3 faktor fit, dan mengonfirmasi teori hopelessness dari Beck (3 faktor 18 item). 2 item dari dimensi future expectations dieliminasi karena berkontribusi terhadap dimensi lain. Hasil penelitian ini mendukung hipotesis bahwa alat ukur ini memiliki properti psikometri yang baik dan dapat digunakan untuk mengukur hopelessness pada populasi umum (non-klinis) di Indonesia.
Previous researches have proved that the structure of Beck’s theory of hopelessness in non-clinical populations is different from clinical populations. The underlying assumption is that the concept of hopelessness is not as well established in non-clinical populations. Research in non-clinical populations is needed for further understanding about this construct, thus the aim of this study was to explore the psychometric properties of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) in Indonesian non-clinical sample. The samples were collected using convenience sampling (N = 295) and the instrument used was the translation of BHS using a 6-point Likert-scale. The psychometric properties were examined through reliability, item discriminant, and validity analyses. Internal consistency reliability exhibited satisfactory reliability (α = 0.918) and item discriminant analysis through corrected total-item correlation ranged from 0.39 – 0.78. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that hierarchical (second-order) 3-factors model fit the data, thus confirming Beck’s theory of hopelessness (3 factors 18 items). 2 items from future expectations factor were eliminated because of cross-loadings. The findings support our hypothesis that this instrument has a good psychometric property and thus can be used to measure hopelessness in non-clinical populations in Indonesia.
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