Peranan Keterlibatan Ayah terhadap Self-Esteem pada Pria Emerging Adulthood
(1) Jurusan Psikologi, Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia
(2) Jurusan Psikologi, Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia
Abstract
Tahap perkembangan emerging adulthood merupakan masa seorang bertransisi dari remaja ke dewasa. Pada tahap perkembangan ini, eksplorasi identitas kembali dilakukan dalam tiga aspek spesifik yaitu cinta, pekerjaan, dan pandangan akan hidup. Ekplorasi identitas ini perlu dilakukan dengan menjaga rasa optimisme dan harapan para emerging adults bagi masa depan karena eksplorasi yang menyimpang seperti perilaku-perilaku beresiko dapat terjadi juga. Rasa optimisme dan harapan sendiri berkorelasi secara positif dengan self-esteem. Sebaliknya, perilaku-perilaku beresiko berkorelasi secara negatif dengan self-esteem. Salah satu faktor self-esteem sendiri menurut literatur adalah dukungan dan keterlibatan orang tua. Menurut salah satu penelitian, seorang emerging adult pria akan lebih melihat dirinya dari bagaimana hubungannya dengan ayahnya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana pengaruh keterlibatan ayah terhadap self-esteem pada pria di tahap perkembangan emerging adulthood. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 104 partisipan berkarakteristik pria berusia 18-25 tahun yang masih memiliki ayah kandung. Desain penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan alat ukur Skala Keterlibatan Ayah (SKA) dan Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan melakukan uji regresi linear sederhana terhadap kedua variabel. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan di antara kedua variabel (R2=.049, b= .051, p= .02; p<.05). Maka, dapat disimpulkan bahwa keterlibatan ayah memiliki pengaruh terhadap self-esteem pria di tahap perkembangan emerging adulthood.
Emerging adulthood is a stage where an individual is transitioning from adolescence to adulthood. On this stage of development, the exploration if identity is again carried out in three specific aspects that are love, work, and worldview. The identity explorations need to be done by maintaining a sense of optimism and hope of emerging adult’s future because, deviant exploration such as risk behaviors can also occur. Sense of optimism and hope correlates positively with self-esteem, on the contrary, risk behaviors correlate negatively with self-esteem. One of the factors of self-esteem itself, according to the literature is the support and the involvement of parents. According to one study, an emerging adult male will see himself more on how he relates with his father. Therefore, this study aims to look at how father involvement can influence self-esteem on men in emerging adulthood stage. This research was conducted to 104 participants characterized by men aged 18-25, who still have biological father. The design of this research is quantitative with Skala Keterlibatan Ayah (SKA) and Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) as the survey instruments. Hypothesis testing is done by performing a simple linear regression test on the two variables. The results of the hypothesis test showed that there was a significant effect between the two variables (R2=.049, b= .051, p= .02; p<.05). Thus, it can be concluded that father involvement has an influence on male self-esteem in the developmental stage of emerging adulthood.
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