Improving Prospective Primary School Teachers’ Skill in Playing Gamelan Degung: An Action Research in Indonesia
(1) Faculty of Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
(2) Faculty of Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
(3) Faculty of Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
Abstract
Prospective primary school teachers had low skill in playing gamelan degung (Indonesian Gamelan). To improve skills in playing gamelan degung correctly, prospective primary school teachers need to be taught techniques of ringing, muffling (menengkep), and memorizing the compositions. Therefore, this research seeks to improve students in playing gamelan degung. The action research report presented in this article exemplified the work of the involved collaborative team in making reflective-critical steps to change the students’ ability from their initial state of being unable to play gamelan degung properly to be able to play gamelan composition properly. The results of the action had shown changes in the ability of students in playing gamelan degung with 97.6% skill change level of the students and 57.15% success rate of students improving from the inept category to the adept category in playing gamelan degung. As a result, the skills of prospective primary school teachers in playing gamelan degung can be improved through some development steps in action research.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adelman, C. (1993). Kurt Lewin and the origins of action research. Educational action research, 1(1), 7-24.
Ben-Tal, O., & Salazar, D. (2014). Rethinking the musical ensemble: A model for collaborative learning in higher education music technology. Journal of Music, Technology & Education, 7(3), 279-294.
Burdeva, T. (2005). The Competence Of Music Teachers At The Elementary Schools. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 3(8), 4-6.
Butler, D. (1992). The musician’s guide to perception and cognition (Vol. 1): Macmillan Reference USA.
Butler, D. L., & Schnellert, L. (2012). Collaborative inquiry in teacher professional development. Teaching and teacher education, 28(8), 1206-1220.
Creswell, J. W. (2015). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research, Enhanced Pearson eText with Loose-Leaf Version--Access Card Package. Pearson Education, Inc.
Darrow, A.-A. (2008). Music and Literacy. General Music Today, 21(2), 32-34. doi:10.1177/1048371308316411
Djohan. (2003). Psikologi Musik. Yogyakarta: Buku Baik.
Douglas, S., & Willatts, P. (1994). The relationship between musical ability and literacy skills. Journal of Research in reading, 17(2), 99-107.
Duerksen, G. L. (1972). Teaching instrumental music.
Feldman, A. (1999). The role of conversation in collaborative action research. Educational action research, 7(1), 125-147.
Fernández-DÃaz, E., Calvo, A., & RodrÃguez-Hoyos, C. (2014). Towards a collaborative action research in Spain to improve teaching practice. Educational Action Research, 22(3), 397-410.
Ferrance, E. (2000). Action research: LAB, Northeast and Island Regional Education Laboratory at Brown University.
Gardner, H. (1973). The arts and human development: New York: Wiley.
Goldsworthy, D. (1997). Teaching gamelan in Australia: Some perspectives on cross-cultural music education. International Journal of Music Education(1), 3-14.
Gromko, J. E. (2004). Predictors of Music Sight-Reading Ability in High School Wind Players. Journal of Research in Music Education, 52(1), 6-15. doi:10.2307/3345521
Hardman, K. (2015). Minimalism Meets Gamelan: An Analysis of Diana Blom and Emma Stacker’s Gong Agong (2006). MALAYSIAN MUSIC JOURNAL, 4(2), 20-36.
Hargreaves, D. J. (1986). The Developmental Psychology of Music. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Hendricks, C. C. (2012). Improving schools through action research: A reflective practice approach: Pearson Higher Ed.
Henley, J. (2015). Musical Learning and Desistance from crime: the case of a ‘Good Vibrations’ Javanese gamelan project with young offenders. Music education research, 17(1), 103-120.
Hood, M. M. (2010). Gamelan Gong Gede: Negotiating Musical Diversity in Bali’s Highlands. Musicology Australia, 32(1), 69-93.
Hopkins, D. (2008). A teacher’s guide to classroom research Fourth edition: Open University Press.
Houlahan, M., & Tacka, P. (2015a). Kodaly in the Fifth Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the 21st Century: Oxford University Press.
Houlahan, M., & Tacka, P. (2015b). Kodály in the First Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the 21st Century: Oxford University Press.
Houlahan, M., & Tacka, P. (2015c). Kodály in the Fourth Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the 21st Century: Oxford University Press.
Houlahan, M., & Tacka, P. (2015d). Kodály in the Second Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the 21st Century: Oxford University Press.
Houlahan, M., & Tacka, P. (2015e). Kodály in the Third Grade Classroom: Developing the Creative Brain in the 21st Century: Oxford University Press.
Houlahan, M., & Tacka, P. (2015). Kodaly Today: A Cognitive Approach to Elementary Music Education: Oxford University Press.
Jaipal, K., & Figg, C. (2011). Collaborative action research approaches promoting professional development for elementary school teachers. Educational action research, 19(1), 59-72.
Jefferson, R. N. (2014). Action Research: Theory and Applications. New Review of Academic Librarianship, 20(2), 91-116. doi:10.1080/13614533.2014.921536
Kartomi, M. J. (1990). The gamelan Digul: Taylor & Francis.
Kolb, D. A. (2014). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development: FT press.
Koshy, V. (2005). Action research for improving practice: A practical guide: Sage.
Levin, B. B., & Rock, T. C. (2003). The effects of collaborative action research on preservice and experienced teacher partners in professional development schools. Journal of teacher education, 54(2), 135-149.
Marrow, A. J. (1977). The practical theorist: The life and work of Kurt Lewin: Teachers College Press.
McCarthy, B. (1987). The 4MAT system: Teaching to learning styles with right/left mode techniques: Excel, Incorporated.
McIntosh, J. (2009). Indonesians and Australians playing Javanese gamelan in Perth, Western Australia: Community and the negotiation of musical identities. The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 10(2), 80-97.
Messiou, K. (2018). Collaborative action research: facilitating inclusion in schools. Educational Action Research, 1-13. doi:10.1080/09650792.2018.1436081
Metin, M., Yılmaz, G. K., Birişçi, S., & Coşkun, K. (2011). The investigating pre-service teachers’ learning styles with respect to the gender and grade level variables. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 15, 2728-2732.
Moroni, I. (2011). Action research in the library: method, experiences, and a significant case. JLIS. it, 2(2).
Newton, P., & Burgess, D. (2008). Exploring types of educational action research: Implications for research validity. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 7(4), 18-30.
O’Neill, S. A. (2012). Becoming a music learner: Towards a theory of transformative music engagement. The Oxford handbook of music education, 1, 163-186.
Peker, M., & Mirasyedioğlu, Ş. (2008). Pre-service elementary school teachers’ learning styles and attitudes towards mathematics. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science & Technology Education, 4(1), 21-26.
Rawlings, J. R. (2015). The effect of middle school music ensemble participation on the relationship between perceived school connectedness, self-reported bullying behaviors, and peer victimization. University of Michigan,
Resna, R. W., Yusniarsih, I., & Yuliani, P. L. (2017). Study on gamelan degung as music therapy in an active labor phase on the first stage of labor by using pain intensity rating scale. International Journal of Advances in Science Engineering and Technology, 5(3), 87-89.
Roth, A. (1981). The english gamelan orchestra: Taylor & Francis.
Schafer, R. M. (1976). Creative music education: A handbook for the modern music teacher: New York: Schirmer Books.
Schmuck, R. A. (2008). Practical action research: A collection of articles: Corwin Press.
Shah, S. M., & Saidon, Z. L. (2017). Developing a graded examination for the Malay gamelan. MALAYSIAN MUSIC JOURNAL, 6(1), 14-29.
Shehan, P. K. (1984). The Effect of Instruction Method on Preference, Achievement and Attentiveness for Indonesian Gamelan Music. Psychology of Music, 12(1), 34-42.
Sorrell, N. (2007). Issues of pastiche and illusions of authenticity in gamelan-inspired composition. Indonesia and the Malay World, 35(101), 31-48.
Steptoe, S. (2001). Gamelan music in Britain. Contemporary Theatre Review, 11(2), 25-35.
Stringer, E. T. (2013). Action research: Sage Publications.
Thomas, A. (1972). The Javanese gamelan of raffles. Asian Affairs, 3(1), 58-60.
Tucker, J. L. (2007). Better Practice In Music Education: Maryland State Department of Education.
Vaino, K., Holbrook, J., & Rannikmäe, M. (2013). A case study examining change in teacher beliefs through collaborative action research. International Journal of Science Education, 35(1), 1-30.
Walters, D. L. (1989). Readings in music learning theory: GIA Pubns.
Watson-Boone, R. (2000). Academic librarians as practitioner-researchers. The Journal of academic librarianship, 26(2), 85-93.
Zakaria, J. B., Musib, H. B., & Shariff, S. M. (2013). Overcoming performance anxiety among music undergraduates. Procedia-social and behavioral sciences, 90, 226-234.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.