Conservation Value of Gunungan Wayang Kulit Purwa for Science Learning Materials
Abstract
This study aims to explore the concepts of ecology and biodiversity, the value of environmental preservation in gunungan wayang kulit purwa, and its correlation to science learning or environmental education in a science subject at the junior high school level to increase environmental awareness. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach. This research included ethnographic research associated with symbolic interpretation in anthropology. The informants of this study were a puppeteer (dalang), a javanology expert, a gunungan wayang kulit purwa creator, and a biodiversity expert chosen by purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, literature reviews, and content analysis. Data triangulation was applied to ensure the data validity. The data were analyzed using a spiral analysis model, including managing, reading, marking, describing, classifying, interpreting, and visualizing data continuously. The study results show that the gunungan wayang kulit purwa contains the conservation value and concept of ecology and biodiversity. This concept has a correlation with the material on ecology and biodiversity in the independent curriculum in a science subject at schools. The ecological concept includes biotic and abiotic components, symbiosis, pollinators and predators, food chains, food webs, competition, and the value of environmental preservation. The findings in the form of a link between ecological concepts and biodiversity in the gunungan wayang kulit purwa have implications for the potential use of gunungan wayang kulit purwa as a learning resource for science education in schools or environmental education to increase environmental awareness of the young generation.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ali Ikhsan, F., Setioko, B., & Suprapti, A. (2018). Ecological wisdom of Hindu-Javanese community settlement in Cetho Hamlet, Lawu Mountains, Central Java, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 99(1).
Ardoin, N. M., Bowers, A. W., & Gaillard, E. (2020). Environmental education outcomes for conservation: A systematic review. Biological Conservation, 241.
Atmojo, S. E., Rusilowati, A., Dwiningrum, S. I. A., & Skotnicka, M. (2018). The Reconstruction of Disaster Knowledge Through Thematic Learning of Science, Environment, Technology, and Society Integrated with Local Wisdom. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 7(2), 204–213.
Bennett, N. J., Roth, R., Klain, S. C., Chan, K., Christie, P., Clark, D. A., ... & Wyborn, C. (2017). Conservation social science: Understanding and integrating human dimensions to improve conservation. Biological Conservation, 205, 93-108.
Castañeda-Miranda, A. G., Chaparro, M. A. E., Pacheco-Castro, A., Chaparro, M. A. E., & Böhnel, H. N. (2020). Magnetic biomonitoring of atmospheric dust using tree leaves of Ficus benjamina in Querétaro (México). Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(6), 382.
Chong, J. L., Yeap, C. A., Yong, J. W. H., Kumaran, J. V., Nelson, B. R., & Loh, I. H. (2022). Ethological Evidence of Adaptive Predation of Oriental Pied Hornbill (Anthracoceros albirostris) on Farmed Swiftlet (Aerodramus spp.) in Kalabakan, Sabah, Malaysia. In Acta Ecologica Sinica (Vol. 42, Issue 4, pp. 255–258). Ecological Society of China.
Cianconi, P., Betrò, S., & Janiri, L. (2020). The Impact of Climate Change on Mental Health: A Systematic Descriptive Review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 1–15.
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2013). Research Methods in Education. Routledge.
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design (V. Knight, Ed.; 3rd ed., Vol. 3, pp. 1–442). SAGE Publication, Inc.
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th.ed international student edition.) (4th ed., p. 186). SAGE Publications, Inc.
de Los Reyes, A., Cook, C. R., Gresham, F. M., Makol, B. A., & Wang, M. (2019). Informant Discrepancies in Assessments of Psychosocial Functioning in School-Based Services and Research: Review and Directions for Future Research. Journal of School Psychology, 74, 74–89.
Doherty, T. S., & Ritchie, E. G. (2017). Stop Jumping the Gun: A Call for Evidence-Based Invasive Predator Management. In Conservation Letters 10(1), 15–22.
Dunn, R. P., & Hovel, K. A. (2020). Predator Type Influences the Frequency of Functional Responses to Prey in Marine Habitats. Biology Letters, 16(1), 1–8.
Geertz, C. (1973). Notes on the Balinese Cockfight. In The Interpretation of Cultures. Basic Books, Inc.
Huberman, A. M., & M. M. B. (1994). Data management and analysis methods. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research. Sage.
Hu, N., Li, H., Tang, Z., Li, Z., Tian, J., Lou, Y., Li, J., Li, G., & Hu, X. (2016). Community diversity, structure and carbon footprint of nematode food web following reforestation on degraded Karst soil. Scientific Reports, 6.
Infield, M., Entwistle, A., Anthem, H., Mugisha, A., & Phillips, K. (2018). Reflections on cultural values approaches to conservation: lessons from 20 years of implementation. Oryx, 52(2), 220–230.
Jurriëns, E. (2018). Environmental Aesthetics in Indonesian Contemporary Art. Third Text, 33(1), 1–9.
Kali, B. F., Kusuma, Z., & Leksono, A. S. (2015). Diversity of Vegetation Around the Springs to Support Water Resource Conservation in Belu, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES), 100(4), 100–114.
Karamaouna, F., Kimbaris, A., Michaelakis, Α., Papachristos, D., Polissiou, M., Papatsakona, P., & Τsora, Ε. (2013). Insecticidal Activity of Plant Essential Oils Against the Vine Mealybug, Planococcus Ficus. Journal of Insect Science, 13(42), 1–14.
Kardol, P., Throop, H. L., Adkins, J., & Graaff, M. de. (2016). Soil Biology & Biochemistry A Hierarchical Framework for Studying the Role of Biodiversity in Soil Food Web Processes and Ecosystem Services. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 102(1), 33–36.
Kartikawangi, D. (2017). Symbolic convergence of local wisdom in cross–cultural collaborative social responsibility: Indonesian case. Public Relations Review, 43(1), 35–45.
Karuniasa, M., & Prambudi, P. A. (2019). Transition Of Primary Forest to Secondary Forest. 2(1).
Katz, J. (2019). On Becoming an Ethnographer. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 48(1), 16–50.
Kinney, K. A., Pintor, L. M., Mell, A. C., & Byers, J. E. (2023). Density-dependent predation and predator preference for native prey may facilitate an invasive crab’s escape from natural enemies. Biological Invasions, 25(9), 2967–2976.
Koli, V. K. (2016). Biology and Conservation Status of Flying Squirrels (Pteromyini, Sciuridae, Rodentia) in India: An Update and Review. In Proceedings of the Zoological Society (Vol. 69, Issue 1, pp. 9–21). Springer.
Koster, E. B., Baars, E. W., & Delnoij, D. M. J. (2016). Patient-centered outcomes on quality of life and anthroposophic healthcare: a qualitative triangulation study. Quality of Life Research, 25(9), 2257–2267.
Kumar, A., Kumar, A., Cabral-Pinto, M., Chaturvedi, A. K., Shabnam, A. A., Subrahmanyam, G., Mondal, R., Gupta, D. K., Malyan, S. K., Kumar, S. S., Khan, S. A., & Yadav, K. K. (2020). Lead Toxicity: Health Hazards, Influence on FoodChain, and Sustainable Remediation Approaches. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(7), 1–33.
Kurniawan, F. H., Rahayuningsih, M., Kartijono, N. E., & Abdullah, M. (2022). Evaluation on The Population of Strangler Figs (Ficus Subgen. Urostigma) in Mount Ungaran, Central Java. Media Konservasi, 27(3), 83–90.
Lan, Y., Liu, M., & Cao, Y. (2019). The complete mitochondrial genome of Rhinoceros hornbill (Bucerotiformes: Bucerotidae). Conservation Genetics Resources, 11(1), 75–78.
Liu, Y., Fan, S., & Yu, H. (2021). Analysis of Ficus Hirta Fig Endosymbionts Diversity and Species Composition. Diversity, 13(12).
Loita, A. (2018). Simbol-Simbol dalam Gunungan Wayang Kulit Jawa. Magelaran: Jurnal Pendidikan Seni, 1(2), 60–65.
Manes, S., Costello, M. J., Beckett, H., Debnath, A., Devenish-Nelson, E., Grey, K. A., Jenkins, R., Khan, T. M., Kiessling, W., Krause, C., Maharaj, S. S., Midgley, G. F., Price, J., Talukdar, G., & Vale, M. M. (2021). Endemism Increases Species’ Climate Change Risk in Areas of Global Biodiversity Importance. Biological Conservation, 257, 1–11.
Meilana, L., & Fang, Q. (2020). Local knowledge-based study on the status of horseshoe crabs along the Indonesian coast. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 36.
Meulen, E. S. van der, Braat, L. C., & Brils, J. M. (2016). Abiotic Flows Should Be Inherent Part of Ecosystem Services Classification. Ecosystem Services, 19, 1–5.
Miller, C. H. (2019). Digital Storytelling 4e: A creator’s guide to interactive entertainment. CRC Press.
Negara, L. P., Lestari, D., Kurnianto, F. A., Ikhsan, F. A., Apriyanto, B., & Nurdin, E. A. (2021). An Overview of Depositional Environment Between the Mountains of Southern Java and the Fold Mountain of North Java. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 683(1).
Parker, L., & Prabawa-Sear, K. (2020). Environmental Education in Indonesia Creating Responsible Citizens in The Global South (Vol. 1).
Parmin, P., Savitri, E. N., Khusniati, M., & El Islami, R. A. Z. (2022). The prospective science teachers’ skills in reconstructing indigenous knowledge of local culture on breast milk using pare (Momordica charantia). International Journal of Educational Research Open, 3, 100193.
Perasutiyo, I., Muchyidin, A., & Nursuprianah, I. (2022). Golden Ratio and the Meaning of the Wayang Kulit Gunungan Philosophy. Journal of Mathematics Instruction, Social Research and Opinion, 1(1), 41-53.
Pollierer, M. M., Klarner, B., Ott, D., Digel, C., Ehnes, R. B., Eitzinger, B., Erdmann, G., Brose, U., Maraun, M., & Scheu, S. (2021). Diversity and functional structure of soil animal communities suggest soil animal food webs to be buffered against changes in forest land use. Oecologia, 196(1),195–209.
Poon, S. T. F. (2018). Symbolic Perception Transformation and Interpretation: The Role and Its Impact on Social Narratives and Social Behaviours. IAFOR Journal of the Social Sciences, 3(1).
Rahayuningsih, M., & Kurniawan, F. H. (2020). The Potential of Ficus Spesies as Frugivorus Feed on Gentong Hill, Mount Ungaran, Indonesia. Forestry Ideas, 26(2), 540–548.
Rahman, W., Brehm, J. M., Maxted, N., Phillips, J., Contreras-Toledo, A. R., Faraji, M., & Quijano, M. P. (2021). Gap analyses of priority wild relatives of food crop in current ex-situ and in situ conservation in Indonesia. Biodiversity and Conservation, 30(10), 2827–2855.
Raji, I. A., & Downs, C. T. (2021). Ficus-frugivore interactions, especially in areas of land-use change, in Africa: A systematic review. Acta Oecologica, 113, 103774.
Reumont, von E. (2022). Detecting Ethnocentricity in Conservation Practice: Javanese Wayang Kulit Collections in Museum Storage. Studies in conservation, 67(sup1), 301–308.
Sengupta, A., Gazagne, E., Albert-Daviaud, A., Tsuji, Y., & Radhakrishna, S. (2020). Reliability of Macaques as Seed Dispersers. American Journal of Primatology, 82(5).
Shafie, N. J., Anuar, H., David, G., Ahmad, A., & Abdullah, M. T. (2023). Bird species composition, density, and feeding guilds in contrasting lowland dipterocarp forests of Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. Tropical Ecology, 64(2), 238–248.
Siviter, H., Fisher, A., Baer, B., Brown, M. J. F., Camargo, I. F., Cole, J., Le Conte, Y., Dorin, B., Evans, J. D., Farina, W., Fine, J., Fischer, L. R., Garratt, M. P. D., Giannini, T. C., Giray, T., Li-Byarlay, H., López-Uribe, M. M., Nieh, J. C., Przybyla, K., … Harrison, J. F. (2023). Correction to: Protecting pollinators and our food supply: understanding and managing threats to pollinator health. Insectes Sociaux, 70(2), 281–282.
Staller, K. M. (2015). Qualitative analysis: The art of building bridging relationships. Qualitative Social Work, 14(2), 145–153.
Staller, K. M. (2022). Confusing questions in qualitative inquiry: Research, interview, and analysis. Qualitative Social Work, 21(2), 227–234.
Staller, K. M., & Krumer-Nevo, M. (2013). Successful qualitative articles: A tentative list of cautionary advice. Qualitative Social Work, 12(3), 247–253.
Subiyantoro, S., & Zainnuri, H. (2017). Gunungan Wayang Sadat: The Study of Its Religious Values and Its Relevance in Fine Art Learning in High Schools. Pertanika J. Soc. Sci. & Hum, 25, 273–280.
Suprapto, N., Prahani, B. K., & Cheng, T. H. (2021a). Indonesian curriculum reform in policy and local wisdom: Perspectives from science education. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 10(1), 69–80.
Suprapto, N., Prahani, B. K., & Cheng, T. H. (2021b). Indonesian Curriculum Reform in Policy and Local Wisdom: Perspectives from Science Education. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 10(1), 69–80.
Taufiq, M., & Rokhman, F. (2020). Scientific communication skills profile of prospective science teachers based on sociocultural aspects. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 9(2), 187–193.
Thomas, R. E. W., Teel, T., Bruyere, B., & Laurence, S. (2019). Metrics and Outcomes of Conservation Education: A Quarter Century of Lessons Learned. Environmental Education Research, 25(2), 172–192.
Tribot, A.-S., Faget, D., Richard, T., & Changeux, T. (2022). The role of pre-19th century art in conservation biology: An untapped potential for connecting with nature. Biological Conservation, 276, 109791.
Turner, V. W. (1967). The Forest of Symbols: Aspects of Ndembu Ritual. Cornell University Press.
Vitasurya, V. R. (2016). Local Wisdom for Sustainable Development of Rural Tourism, Case on Kalibiru and Lopati Village, Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 216, 97–108.
Wieser, C., & Pilch Ortega, A. (2020). Ethnography in Higher Education: An Introduction. pp. 1–10. Springer VS, Wiesbaden.
Williams, J. J., & Newbold, T. (2020). Local Climatic Changes Affect Biodiversity Responses to Land Use: A Review. Diversity and Distributions, 26(1), 76–92.
Zafar, Z., Rasheed, F., Abdullah, M., Salam, M. M. A., & Mohsin, M. (2019). Effects of water deficit on growth and physiology of young Conocarpus Erectus L. And Ficus Benjamina L. Saplings. Bangladesh Journal of Botany, 48(4), 1215–1221.
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
