Efektifitas Pengaturan Masalah Kerukunan Umat Beragama dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia

Abstract

Setiap peraturan perundang-perundangan dalam Negara Indonesia harus dapat menjamin dan menjadi sarana bagi perwujudan persatuan dalam negara yang dibangun di atas kondisi masyarakat yang majemuk, termasuk dari sudut agama dan kepercayaan. Di Indonesia, persoalan kerukunan antar ummat beragama dan intra umat beragama diatur dalam Undang-Undang tentang Kerukunan Umat Beragama. Selain itu, Indonesia juga telah memberlakukan Undang-Undang Nomor 1/PNPS/Tahun 1965 tentang Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan dan/atau Penodaan Agama. Selain itu, pada level masyarakat muslim Indonesia, Majelis Ulama Indonesia telah menerbitkan Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia mengenai kerukunan antarumat beragama. Namun, walaupun pengaturan tersebut telah ada, tampaknya kerukunan antar dan intra umat beragama masih menjadi problem di tengah-tengah masyarakat Indonesia. Paper ini akan menganalisis tentang keberadaan beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan yang substansinya berhubungan dengan upaya menciptakan kerukunan umat beragama di Indonesia, termasuk apakah untuk isu kerukunan umat beragama memang perlu diatur secara khusus di dalam suatu undang-undang.

Every legislation and regulation in Indonesia must be able to ensure and facilitate the embodiment for Indonesian unity in a state that build by diversity society conditions, which included diversity in religion and faith. In Indonesia, the issue of diversity in religion and faith has been regulated by several legal documents, such as Act Number 1/PNPS/Year of 1965 on Prevention against Blasphemy Action, and Council of Indonesian Ulama (Majelis Ulama Indonesia) Fatwa. Currently, Indonesian Government through Ministry of Religion has issued Draft of Act on Living in Harmony among Religious Adherents. Even though those efforts have been done, but still there were intolerances or discriminations and still being a problem among people in Indonesian society. This paper will be focused on how Indonesian legal system, especially in form of written law such as act and other official regulations, regulates or deals with efforts to pursue living in harmony among religious adherents. And also will be discussed whether it is important or not to form a new act that will specially regulate issue on living in harmony among religious adherents in Indonesia.