Deprivation of Inmates in Conducting Imprisonment and Guidance in Penitentiary on Victimology Perspective
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May 4, 2020
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Abstract
Prisoners who undergo imprisonment tend to experience 5 (five) types of deprivation, deprivation of liberty, deprivation of goods and services, deprivation of heterosexual relationships, deprivation of heterosexual experiences, deprivation of liberty deprivation of autonomy, and deprivation of security. The research was conducted with a sociological juridical approach with a sample of Cipinang Class I Correctional Institution research sites and Banjarmasin Class II Correctional Institution as a correctional facility with prisoners' occupancy levels in excess of available capacity (overpopulation). In conditions with very high percentage of overpopulation, deprivation in the perspective of victimization has created victims in this case individual prisoners are caused because the Ministry of Law and Human Rights in this case the prison has carried out policies and actions that are not in accordance with existing provisions especially related to several provisions of Article 12 of the Republic of Indonesia Law No. 12 of 1995 Concerning Corrections, as well as the 4 (four) principles of the 10 (ten) Correctional Principles as stipulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2017 About the Grand Design Overcrowded Handling in State Detention Centers and Penitentiaries. Efforts to reduce the existence of overpopulation or overcrowded that can cause victims of human rights violations for prisoners have been carried out through the Minister of Law and Human Rights Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of 2017, but not yet effective.
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Angkasa, A. (2020). Deprivation of Inmates in Conducting Imprisonment and Guidance in Penitentiary on Victimology Perspective. Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, 5(1), 53-74. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v5i1.38520
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Research Articles
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References
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Bench, L.L., & Allen, T.D. (2003). Investigating the stigma of prison classification: An experimental design. The Prison Journal 83(4). 367-382. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885503260143.
Birdsall, N. (2018). Intimate Partner Violence Victimology: Factors Affecting Victim Engagement with the Police and Criminal Justice System. Dissertation, Preston: University of Central Lancashire.
Box, S. (1981). Deviance, Reality & Society. London: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Brewer, R. M., & Heitzeg, N. A. (2008). The racialization of crime and punishment: Criminal justice, color-blind racism, and the political economy of the prison industrial complex. American Behavioral Scientist 51(5), 625-644.
Chen, M. K., & Shapiro, J. M., (2007). Do harsher prison conditions reduce recidivism? A discontinuity-based approach. American Law and Economic Review 9(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahm006.
Clamer, D. (1950). Observations on Imprisonment as a Source of Criminality. J. Crim. L. & Criminology 41(3), 311-319.
Coyle, A., & Fair, H. (2018). A Human Rights Approach to Prison Management: Handbook for Prison Staff. London: Institute for Criminal Policy Research Birkbeck, University of London.
Dimyati, K., & Angkasa, A. (2019). Victimological Approaches to Crime of Rape in Indonesian Criminal Justice System. Hasanuddin Law Review 4(3), 366-376.
Drago, F., Galbiati, R., & Vertova, P. (2009). The Deterrent Effects of Prison: Evidence from a Natural Experiment. Journal of Political Economy 117 (2), 257-280.
Hall, M., & Davies, P. (Eds.). (2019). Palgrave Studies in Victims and Victimology. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Gaes, G.G., & Camp, S.D. (2009). Unintended consequences: Experimental evidence for the criminogenic effect of prison security level placement on post-release recidivism. Journal of Experimental Criminology 5(1), 139–162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-009-9070-z.
Gibbs, B. R., & Lytle, R. (2020). Drug court participation and time to failure: An examination of recidivism across program outcome. American Journal of Criminal Justice 45(2), 215-235.
Hatmoko, J. (2019). Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Perlindungan Hak Azasi Manusia kepada Narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIA Batam yang Berkaitan dengan Over Kapasitas. Dissertation, Batam: Universitas Internasional Batam.
Karmen, A. (2013). Crime Victims: An Introduction to Victimology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
Kasim, R. (2020). Dehumanisasi Pada Penerapan Hukum Pidana Secara Berlebihan (Overspanning van het Straftrecht). Jambura Law Review 2(1), 1-29.
Listwan, S. J., Sullivan, C. J., Agnew, R., Cullen, F. T., and Colvin, M. (2013). The Pains of Imprisonment Revisited: The Impact of Strain on Inmate Recidivism. Justice Quarterly 30(1): 144-168 https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2011.597772.
Mahendra, G. (2020). Dampak Over Capacity Bagi Narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan, Factor Penyebab Implikasi Negative dalam Pengoptimalisasian Pembinaan Narapidana. JUSTITIA: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Humaniora 7(2), 390-401. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.31604/justitia.v7i2.390-401.
Muhibuddin, M. (2019). Analisis Yuridis terhadap Hak Narapidana dalam Pembinaan Lembaga Permasyarakatan. REUSAM-Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 7(1), 13-30.
Mulyadi, L. (2001). Pergeseran Perspektif dan Praktik dari Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Mengenai Putusan Pemidanaan, Badilum Mahkamah Agung, retrieved from https://badilum.mahkamahagung.go.id/upload_file/img/article/doc/pergeseran_perspektif_dan_praktik_dari_mahkamah_agung_mengenai_putusan_pemidanaan.pdf
Newburn, T. (2007) Criminology. Portland: Willan Publishing.
Nieuwbeerta, P., Nagin, D. S., & Blokland, A. A. (2009). The relationship between ï¬rst imprisonment and criminal career development: A matched samples comparison. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 25(1). 227–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-009-9069-7.
Nwune, E.C., Ajah, B.O., Egbegi, F.R., & Chukwuemeka, O.D. (2019). Across the Wall: The Perception of Rehabilitation, Reformation and Reintegration Programmes in Anambra State Prison Command. Journal of Law and Judicial System 2(2), 13-22.
Paterline, B. A., & Orr, D. (2016). Adaptation to prison and inmate self-concept. Journal of Psychology 4(2), 70-79.
Perkasa, R.A.P. (2020). Optimalisasi Pembinaan Narapidana dalam Upaya Mengurangi Overcapacity Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Wajah Hukum 4(1), 108-115. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/wjh.v4i1.175.
Praptomojati, A., & Subandi, M.A. (2020). Forgiveness therapy for adult inmate in Indonesian correctional facility: a pilot study. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2020.1751869
Pugach, D., Peleg, A., & Ronel, N. (2018). Lingual injury: Crime victims between the criminal justice system and the media. International Review of Victimology 24(1), 3-23.
Pura, M. H., & Kartika, R. Y. (2019). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Narapidana Yang Menjadi Korban Over Population Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 1995 Tentang Pemasyarakatan. Jurnal Hukum Media Bhakti,3(1), 65-78.
Ravena, D., & Mahmud, A. (2019). The Implications of Overcrowding for Fostering Prisoners in Prison: Management and Systems Problems. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 54(5), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.54.5.38.
Rodley, N., & Pollard, M. (2009). The Treatment of Prisoners Under International law. Oxford: University Press on Demand.
Rofiq, A., Disemadi, H.S., & Jaya, N.S.P. (2019). Criminal Objectives Integrality in the Indonesian Criminal Justice System. Al-Risalah 19(2), 179-190.
Roger, H., & Sparks, R. (1978). Key Issues in Criminology. London: Wiedenfeld and Nicolson.
Scott, R. (2018). Reducing recidivism via college-in-prison: Thoughts on data collection, methodology, and the question of purpose. Critical Education 9(18), 1-15. Retrieved from http://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/criticaled/article/view/186357.
Spohn, C., & Holleran, D., (2006). The effect of imprisonment on recidivism rates of felony offenders: A focus on drug offenders. Criminology 40(2), 329-358. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2002.tb00959.x
Stutje, K. (2019). From Across the Water: Nusakambangan and the Making of a Notorious Prison Island. International Review of Social History 64(3), 493-513.
Sutherland, E. H., Cressey, D. R., & Luckenbill, D. F. (1992). Principles of Criminology. Lanham, MD: General Hall. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
Suyanto, S. (2016). Efektivitas Pelepasan Bersyarat Dalam Pembinaan Narapidana. Jurnal Pro Hukum: Jurnal Penelitian Bidang Hukum Universitas Gresik 5(2), 115-136.
Sykes, G. M. (2007). The Society of Captives: A Study of a Maximum Security Prison. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Tiroch, K. (2016). Modernizing the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners–A Human Rights Perspective. Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 19(1), 278-304.
Thomas, E. C., Bilger, A., Wilson, A. B., & Draine, J. (2019). Conceptualizing restorative justice for people with mental illnesses leaving prison or jail. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 89(6), 693-703. https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000316
Usman, B. J. N., & Siregar, E. (2019). Fenomena Over Kapasitas Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Studi Kebijakan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Penyebab dan Upaya. Prosiding Seminar Hukum dan Publikasi Nasional (Serumpun) 1(1), 18-34.
Walklate, S., Maher, J., McCulloch, J., Fitz-Gibbon, K., & Beavis, K. (2019). Victim stories and victim policy: Is there a case for a narrative victimology?. Crime, media, culture 15(2), 199-215.
Wibawa, I. (2018). Pidana Kerja Sosial Dan Restitusi Sebagai Alternatif Pidana Penjara dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Indonesia. Media Hukum 24(2), 96-104.
White, A. A. (2008). The Concept of Less Eligibility and the Social Function of Prison Violence in Class Society. Buff. L. Rev. 56(3), 737-820.
Zosim, A. (2006). The Prison Alternatives in The Modern Criminal Law. Dissertation, Moldova.
al-Fijawi, M. F. A., Shah, M. A., Aung, U. T., & Muhammad, M. K. (2019). Violations of Basic Rights of Prisoners in Conventional and Islamic Law: Theory and Practice. Intellectual Discourse 27(2), 455-474.
Angkasa, A. (2010). Over Capacity Narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan, Faktor Penyebab, Implikasi Negatif, Serta Solusi dalam Upaya Optimalisasi Pembinaan Narapidana. Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 10(3), 212-219. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2010.10.3.46.
Angkasa, A. (1993). Prisonisasi dan Permasalahannya Terhadap Pembinaan Narapidana (Suatu Studi di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Semarang dan Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Purwokerto). Thesis, Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro.
Atmasasmita, R. (2016). Tiga Paradigma Hukum dalam Pembangunan Nasional. Jurnal Hukum Prioris 3(1), 1-26.
Atmasasmita, R. (1982). Strategi Pembinaan Pelanggar Hukum dalam Konteks Penegakkan Hukum di Indonesia. Bandung: Alumni.
Azammusyahadah, S. (2018). Dampak Negatif dan Upaya Penyelesaian Over Kapasitas Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Studi Kasus di Lapas Klas I Malang). Dissertation, Malang: University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Bench, L.L., & Allen, T.D. (2003). Investigating the stigma of prison classification: An experimental design. The Prison Journal 83(4). 367-382. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885503260143.
Birdsall, N. (2018). Intimate Partner Violence Victimology: Factors Affecting Victim Engagement with the Police and Criminal Justice System. Dissertation, Preston: University of Central Lancashire.
Box, S. (1981). Deviance, Reality & Society. London: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Brewer, R. M., & Heitzeg, N. A. (2008). The racialization of crime and punishment: Criminal justice, color-blind racism, and the political economy of the prison industrial complex. American Behavioral Scientist 51(5), 625-644.
Chen, M. K., & Shapiro, J. M., (2007). Do harsher prison conditions reduce recidivism? A discontinuity-based approach. American Law and Economic Review 9(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1093/aler/ahm006.
Clamer, D. (1950). Observations on Imprisonment as a Source of Criminality. J. Crim. L. & Criminology 41(3), 311-319.
Coyle, A., & Fair, H. (2018). A Human Rights Approach to Prison Management: Handbook for Prison Staff. London: Institute for Criminal Policy Research Birkbeck, University of London.
Dimyati, K., & Angkasa, A. (2019). Victimological Approaches to Crime of Rape in Indonesian Criminal Justice System. Hasanuddin Law Review 4(3), 366-376.
Drago, F., Galbiati, R., & Vertova, P. (2009). The Deterrent Effects of Prison: Evidence from a Natural Experiment. Journal of Political Economy 117 (2), 257-280.
Hall, M., & Davies, P. (Eds.). (2019). Palgrave Studies in Victims and Victimology. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Gaes, G.G., & Camp, S.D. (2009). Unintended consequences: Experimental evidence for the criminogenic effect of prison security level placement on post-release recidivism. Journal of Experimental Criminology 5(1), 139–162. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-009-9070-z.
Gibbs, B. R., & Lytle, R. (2020). Drug court participation and time to failure: An examination of recidivism across program outcome. American Journal of Criminal Justice 45(2), 215-235.
Hatmoko, J. (2019). Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Perlindungan Hak Azasi Manusia kepada Narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIA Batam yang Berkaitan dengan Over Kapasitas. Dissertation, Batam: Universitas Internasional Batam.
Karmen, A. (2013). Crime Victims: An Introduction to Victimology. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
Kasim, R. (2020). Dehumanisasi Pada Penerapan Hukum Pidana Secara Berlebihan (Overspanning van het Straftrecht). Jambura Law Review 2(1), 1-29.
Listwan, S. J., Sullivan, C. J., Agnew, R., Cullen, F. T., and Colvin, M. (2013). The Pains of Imprisonment Revisited: The Impact of Strain on Inmate Recidivism. Justice Quarterly 30(1): 144-168 https://doi.org/10.1080/07418825.2011.597772.
Mahendra, G. (2020). Dampak Over Capacity Bagi Narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan, Factor Penyebab Implikasi Negative dalam Pengoptimalisasian Pembinaan Narapidana. JUSTITIA: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Humaniora 7(2), 390-401. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.31604/justitia.v7i2.390-401.
Muhibuddin, M. (2019). Analisis Yuridis terhadap Hak Narapidana dalam Pembinaan Lembaga Permasyarakatan. REUSAM-Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 7(1), 13-30.
Mulyadi, L. (2001). Pergeseran Perspektif dan Praktik dari Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Mengenai Putusan Pemidanaan, Badilum Mahkamah Agung, retrieved from https://badilum.mahkamahagung.go.id/upload_file/img/article/doc/pergeseran_perspektif_dan_praktik_dari_mahkamah_agung_mengenai_putusan_pemidanaan.pdf
Newburn, T. (2007) Criminology. Portland: Willan Publishing.
Nieuwbeerta, P., Nagin, D. S., & Blokland, A. A. (2009). The relationship between ï¬rst imprisonment and criminal career development: A matched samples comparison. Journal of Quantitative Criminology 25(1). 227–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10940-009-9069-7.
Nwune, E.C., Ajah, B.O., Egbegi, F.R., & Chukwuemeka, O.D. (2019). Across the Wall: The Perception of Rehabilitation, Reformation and Reintegration Programmes in Anambra State Prison Command. Journal of Law and Judicial System 2(2), 13-22.
Paterline, B. A., & Orr, D. (2016). Adaptation to prison and inmate self-concept. Journal of Psychology 4(2), 70-79.
Perkasa, R.A.P. (2020). Optimalisasi Pembinaan Narapidana dalam Upaya Mengurangi Overcapacity Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Wajah Hukum 4(1), 108-115. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/wjh.v4i1.175.
Praptomojati, A., & Subandi, M.A. (2020). Forgiveness therapy for adult inmate in Indonesian correctional facility: a pilot study. The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/14789949.2020.1751869
Pugach, D., Peleg, A., & Ronel, N. (2018). Lingual injury: Crime victims between the criminal justice system and the media. International Review of Victimology 24(1), 3-23.
Pura, M. H., & Kartika, R. Y. (2019). Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Narapidana Yang Menjadi Korban Over Population Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 1995 Tentang Pemasyarakatan. Jurnal Hukum Media Bhakti,3(1), 65-78.
Ravena, D., & Mahmud, A. (2019). The Implications of Overcrowding for Fostering Prisoners in Prison: Management and Systems Problems. Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 54(5), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.35741/issn.0258-2724.54.5.38.
Rodley, N., & Pollard, M. (2009). The Treatment of Prisoners Under International law. Oxford: University Press on Demand.
Rofiq, A., Disemadi, H.S., & Jaya, N.S.P. (2019). Criminal Objectives Integrality in the Indonesian Criminal Justice System. Al-Risalah 19(2), 179-190.
Roger, H., & Sparks, R. (1978). Key Issues in Criminology. London: Wiedenfeld and Nicolson.
Scott, R. (2018). Reducing recidivism via college-in-prison: Thoughts on data collection, methodology, and the question of purpose. Critical Education 9(18), 1-15. Retrieved from http://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/criticaled/article/view/186357.
Spohn, C., & Holleran, D., (2006). The effect of imprisonment on recidivism rates of felony offenders: A focus on drug offenders. Criminology 40(2), 329-358. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-9125.2002.tb00959.x
Stutje, K. (2019). From Across the Water: Nusakambangan and the Making of a Notorious Prison Island. International Review of Social History 64(3), 493-513.
Sutherland, E. H., Cressey, D. R., & Luckenbill, D. F. (1992). Principles of Criminology. Lanham, MD: General Hall. Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
Suyanto, S. (2016). Efektivitas Pelepasan Bersyarat Dalam Pembinaan Narapidana. Jurnal Pro Hukum: Jurnal Penelitian Bidang Hukum Universitas Gresik 5(2), 115-136.
Sykes, G. M. (2007). The Society of Captives: A Study of a Maximum Security Prison. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Tiroch, K. (2016). Modernizing the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners–A Human Rights Perspective. Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law Online 19(1), 278-304.
Thomas, E. C., Bilger, A., Wilson, A. B., & Draine, J. (2019). Conceptualizing restorative justice for people with mental illnesses leaving prison or jail. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 89(6), 693-703. https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000316
Usman, B. J. N., & Siregar, E. (2019). Fenomena Over Kapasitas Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Studi Kebijakan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Penyebab dan Upaya. Prosiding Seminar Hukum dan Publikasi Nasional (Serumpun) 1(1), 18-34.
Walklate, S., Maher, J., McCulloch, J., Fitz-Gibbon, K., & Beavis, K. (2019). Victim stories and victim policy: Is there a case for a narrative victimology?. Crime, media, culture 15(2), 199-215.
Wibawa, I. (2018). Pidana Kerja Sosial Dan Restitusi Sebagai Alternatif Pidana Penjara dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Indonesia. Media Hukum 24(2), 96-104.
White, A. A. (2008). The Concept of Less Eligibility and the Social Function of Prison Violence in Class Society. Buff. L. Rev. 56(3), 737-820.
Zosim, A. (2006). The Prison Alternatives in The Modern Criminal Law. Dissertation, Moldova.