Digital Constitutionalism: A Pancasila Framework in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15294/ijpgc.v5i1.48383Keywords:
Digital Constitutionalism, Artificial Intelligence, Pancasila, Algorithmic Bias, Big Tech MonopolyAbstract
The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has fundamentally shifted the locus of power from sovereign states to opaque private algorithms, precipitating a critical need for robust digital constitutionalism. However, contemporary global AI governance is overwhelmingly dominated by Western paradigms—namely, the European rights-and-risk-based model and the US market-driven approach. While historically significant, these Eurocentric frameworks operate on hyper-individualistic epistemologies that prove structurally inadequate when transplanted to the Global South. They frequently fail to mitigate collective vulnerabilities, structural algorithmic bias, and the monopolistic extraction of data inherent in platform capitalism. Employing doctrinal legal research with conceptual and comparative constitutional methodologies, this article decolonizes the AI governance discourse by proposing Pancasila—Indonesia’s state philosophy—as a Communitarian-Religious Constitutional Framework. The study demonstrates that Pancasila transcends the limitations of secular-liberal models by synthesizing transcendental ethics, relational human dignity, democratic cohesion, and distributive justice. Specifically, the paper operationalizes the Indonesian Constitution to articulate a dual-pronged legal response: enforcing the Second Principle to combat structural algorithmic discrimination through substantive equality, and the Fifth Principle to dismantle Big Tech oligarchies via a constitutional economy. Ultimately, this research conceptualizes "Algorithmic Welfare Constitutionalism." It offers not merely a localized ideological critique, but a transformative normative grammar for post-colonial and developing nations, ensuring that algorithmic power remains unequivocally subservient to human dignity, collective solidarity, and equitable digital sovereignty.
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