ANALISIS KECELAKAAN REAKTOR AKIBAT KEGAGALAN SISTEM PEMBUANG PANAS PADA REAKTOR NUKLIR GENERASI IV

A. G. Abdullah(1), Z. Su’ud(2),

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v8i1.2001


(1) Program Studi Teknik Elektro, Fakultas Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI), Bandung, Indonesia
(2) Jurusan Fisika, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract

Salah satu aspek terpenting dalam proses desain reaktor nuklir adalah aspek keselamatan reaktor. Sebelum membangun reaktor secara fisik, terlebih dahulu dibuat perencaaan perhitungan yang matang termasuk melakukan simulasi kinerja keselamatannya dalam menghadapi kemungkinan kecelakaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model simulasi kecelakaan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir (PLTN) yang disebabkan  gagalnya sistem pembuang panas. Kecelakaan akibat gagalnya sistem pembuang panas dipicu oleh hilangnya kemampuan pendinginan dari pembangkit uap. Urutan kecelakaan ini diawali dengan hilangnya kemampuan reaktor untuk membuang panas dari loop pendingin sekunder. Selama kecelakaan, laju pembuangan panas mengalami penurunan sedangkan temperatur masukan pendingin mengalami peningkatan. Hasil simulasi memberikan gambaran bahwa reaktor dapat bertahan dari kecelakaan. Hasil analisis kecelakaan menunjukkan bahwa temperatur maksimum bahan bakar, selongsong dan pendingin memiliki batas keselamatan yang sangat besar.



One of the most important aspects in nuclear reactor design process is the safety aspect. Advanced and accurate safety simulation must be performed before it can be built.  This research aims to develop a simulation model of Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) accidents due to the loss of  heat sink system. Loss of heat sink accident was triggered by the loss of cooling capability of steam generators.  This  accident  sequence  began with the loss of the reactor’s ability to remove heat from the secondary cooling loop. During the accident, the heat dissipation rate decreased whereas the coolant inlet temperatures increased till a new equilibrium level. The analysis results of the accident showed that there are large safety margin to the maximum temperature of the fuel, cladding, and coolant.

Keywords

accident analysis; unprotected loss of heat sink; generation IV nuclear reactor

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