Aktivitas Metakognitif Siswa SMP Dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Berdasarkan Kemampuan Matematika
Abstract
Aktivitas metakognitif adalah berkaitan dengan kesadaran dan pengaturan terhadap pengetahuan tentang proses dan hasil pikir dalam kegiatan merencanakan (planning) proses berpikir, memantau (monitoring) proses berpikir, dan mengevaluasi (evaluation) proses dan hasil berpikir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan aktivitas metakognitif siswa SMP berdasarkan kemampuan matematika tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Analisis data dilakukan dalam penelitian ini meliputi; reduksi, pemaparan, dan menarik kesimpulan aktivitas metakognitif subjek dalam pemecahan masalah matematika. Berdasarkan analisis data, subjek berkemampuan matematika tinggi dan sedang dalam pemecahan masalah, melakukan kegiatan perencanaan proses berpikirnya, memantau proses berpikirnya, dan mengevaluasi proses dan hasil berpikirnya dalam setiap tahap pemecahan masalah (memahami masalah, menyusun rencana penyelesaian, melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian, dan memeriksa kembali). Sedangkan subjek berkemampuan matematika rendah dalam pemecahan masalah, melakukan kegiatan perencanaan proses berpikirnya, memantau proses berpikirnya, dan mengevaluasi proses dan hasil berpikirnya dalam tahap memahami masalah, dan tahap melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian. Sedangkan pada tahap menyusun rencana penyelesaian subjek berkemampuan matematika rendah melakukan kegiatan perencanaan proses berpikirnya, dan memantau proses berpikirnya. Dan dalam tahap memeriksa kembali subjek berkemampuan matematika rendah hanya melakukan kegiatan mengevaluasi.
Activity of metacognitive has relation with awareness and control on knowledge about process and result of thinking in activity of planning thinking process, monitoring process of thinking, and evaluating process and result of thinking. This research aims to describe metacognitive activity of the junior high school students based on high, medium, and low mathematics skills. Data analysis used in this research consists of reduction, discussion, and conclusion in term of metacognitive activities of the subject in mathematics problem solving. Based on data analysis, subject with high and medium mathematics skills in problem solving, conduct activity of thinking process planning, monitoring thinking process, and evaluating process and result of thinking in each problem solving stages (comprehending the problem, structuring problem solving plan, conducting problem solving plan, and rechecking). Subject with low mathematics skills in problem solving, conducting activity of thinking process plan, monitoring thinking process, and evaluating process and result of thinking in each problem solving stages, and stage of conducting problem solving plan. On stage of structuring problem solving plan subject with low mathematics skills conducts activity of thinking process plan, and monitors thinking process. On stage of rechecking subject with low mathematics skills only conducts activity of evaluation.
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