Legal Crisis and Trends of Mass Violence in Indonesia
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Nov 30, 2019
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Abstract
This study aims to explore the reasons for the problems that trigger broader mass violence, both in the form of structural conditions in society as well as the factors that trigger crime and social dynamics that trigger mass violence. The main research method used is a qualitative approach to the type of research criminally. The results of the research show that at the end of this time the social integration ties that are owned by the community are not so strong that the provocateurs of violence in the community are able to ravage the solidarity that is intertwined within the community. The joints of democratic society which should function to normalize normal social-political interaction relations, in the end actually caused mass violence, such conditions create anomistic situations occur, members of society both individually and in groups are so easy to play their own way. Therefore, the legal institutions as a formal rule of the game and apply to everyone, are experiencing a crisis of authority. The fundamental reason why this happens is that there are often different legal decisions against each violator of the law. As a result, there is no certainty that the law is truly an objective norm that applies to all. People who have been relatively safe in the normalcy of their environment have turned into mutual suspicion. As a result of this, collective disappointment arises over legal institutions, so that losing motivation to obey the law people tend not to believe in the legal process, which results in acts of mass violence in the community.
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Utari, I. S. (2019). Legal Crisis and Trends of Mass Violence in Indonesia. Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies, 4(2), 217-240. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v4i2.34671
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Research Articles
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Chalfin, A., & Deza, M. (2019). The intergenerational effects of education on delinquency. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 159, 553–571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2017.07.034
Cho, M. (2019). A prospective, longitudinal cohort study: The impact of child maltreatment on delinquency among South Korean youth in middle and high school. Child Abuse and Neglect, 88(December 2018), 235–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.11.021
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de la Roche, R.S. (1996). Collective Violence as Social Control, Sociological Forum, 11(1), 97-128. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02408303
Denney, A. S., & Connor, D. P. (2016). Serious juvenile offenders who have experienced emerging adulthood: Substance use and recidivism. Children and Youth Services Review, 67, 11–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.05.014
Erdianti, R. N., & Al-Fatih, S. (2019). Fostering as an Alternative Sanction for Juveniles in the Perspective of Child Protection in Indonesia. JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies), 4(1), 119-128. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v4i01.29315
Fairchild, A. J., Gupta-Kagan, J., & Stevens Andersen, T. (2019). Operationalizing intake: Variations in juvenile court intake procedures and their implications. Children and Youth Services Review, 102(December 2018), 91–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.05.003
Fillo, J., Kamper-DeMarco, K. E., Brown, W. C., Stasiewicz, P. R., & Bradizza, C. M. (2019). Emotion regulation difficulties and social control correlates of smoking among pregnant women trying to quit. Addictive Behaviors, 89(April 2018), 104–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.09.033
Fitzpatrick, K. R., & Rubin, M. S. (1995). Public relations vs. legal strategies in organizational crisis decisions. Public Relations Review, 21(1), 21–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/0363-8111(95)90037-3
Fleming, T., Damon, W., Collins, A. B., Czechaczek, S., Boyd, J., & McNeil, R. (2019). Housing in crisis: A qualitative study of the socio-legal contexts of residential evictions in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside. International Journal of Drug Policy, (xxxx), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.12.012
Flores, J., Hawes, J., Westbrooks, A., & Henderson, C. (2018). Crossover youth and gender: What are the challenges of girls involved in both the foster care and juvenile justice systems? Children and Youth Services Review, 91(February), 149–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.05.031
Fonseca Pego, A. M., Franco de Oliveira, S. C. W. de S. E., Franco de Oliveira, T., Leyton, V., Miziara, I., & Yonamine, M. (2018). Cocaine toxicological findings in cases of violent death in Sao Paulo city - Brazil. Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine, 60, 3–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2018.08.005
Graham, W. K. (2018). Evidence-Based Practices for Juveniles in the Juvenile Justice System. In Clinical Interventions in Criminal Justice Settings. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-811381-3.00007-x
Grajzl, P., & Baniak, A. (2018). Private enforcement, corruption, and antitrust design. Journal of Comparative Economics, 46(1), 284–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jce.2017.08.002
Haight, W., Bidwell, L., Choi, W. S., & Cho, M. (2016). An evaluation of the Crossover Youth Practice Model (CYPM): Recidivism outcomes for maltreated youth involved in the juvenile justice system. Children and Youth Services Review, 65, 78–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.03.025
Hay, C., Widdowson, A., & Young, B. C. (2018). Self-control stability and change for incarcerated juvenile offenders. Journal of Criminal Justice, 56(May), 50–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2017.08.008
Issa, S. Y., Aldossary, M., Almazroua, M. K., Youssef, M. A. S., Ghaleb, S., Alsowayigh, K., & Kharoshah, M. (2016). Patterns of violent deaths associated with positive ethanol finding in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 6(4), 388–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejfs.2016.05.003
Kar, H. L. (2018). Acknowledging the victim to perpetrator trajectory: Integrating a mental health focused trauma-based approach into global violence programs. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 10(4), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2018.10.004
Kharismadohan, A. (2019). Mens Rea and State Loses on Corruption Cases: An Analysis of Corruption Court Judgment of Semarang. Journal of Law and Legal Reform, 1(1), 61-76. https://doi.org/10.15294/law & legal reform.v1i1.35407
Korkeamäki, T., Koskinen, Y., & Takalo, T. (2007). Phoenix rising: Legal reforms and changes in valuations in Finland during the economic crisis. Journal of Financial Stability, 3(1), 33–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2007.02.002
Lea, C. H., & Abrams, L. S. (2017). “Everybody takes a roadâ€: Perspectives on the pathway to delinquency among formerly incarcerated young men of color. Children and Youth Services Review, 75, 15–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.02.006
Lee, B. X. (2016). Causes and cures VII: Structural violence. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 28, 109–114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2016.05.003
Lösel, F., & Ttofi, M. M. (2017). Systematic reviews of the effectiveness of developmental prevention programs in reducing delinquency, aggression, and bullying. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 33, 91–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2016.11.003
Muhtada, D., & Arifin, R. (2018). Introducing JILS 3(2), November 2018 Edition: Crimes and Society and its Contemporary Issues. JILS (Journal of Indonesian Legal Studies), 3(2), 147-148. https://doi.org/10.15294/jils.v3i02.27604
Ozkan, T. (2016). Reoffending among serious juvenile offenders: A developmental perspective. Journal of Criminal Justice, 46, 18–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2016.02.017
Prayogo, B. E., Amanah, A., Pradana, T. M. W., & Rodiyah, R. (2019). Increasing Legal Capacity for Communities in the Context of Realizing a Village of Law Awareness and Child Friendly. Indonesian Journal of Advocacy and Legal Services, 1(1), 65-78. https://doi.org/10.15294/ijals.v1i1.33776
Rahardjo, S. (June 15, 2002). Indonesia Butuh Hukum Progressif, Kompas.
Rahardjo, S. (2002). Sosiologi Hukum, Perkembangan, Metode dan Pilihan Masalahnya. Surakarta: Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta.
Rahardjo, S. (2003). Sisi-Sisi Lain Dari Hukum Di Indonesia. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas.
Reidy, T. J., Sorensen, J. R., & Cihan, A. (2018). Institutional misconduct among juvenile offenders serving a blended sentence. Journal of Criminal Justice, 57(February), 99–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2018.05.003
Roland, G., & Verdier, T. (2003). Law enforcement and transition. European Economic Review, 47(4), 669–685. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-2921(02)00309-4
Sahetapy, J.E. (2005). Pisau Analisis Kriminologi. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti.
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