The Interconnection Between Arbitration and Commercial Courts: Scenarios, Issues, and A Proposal

Authors

  • Anangga W. Roosdiono BANI Arbitration Centre, Indonesia Author
  • Muhamad Dzadit Taqwa Faculty of Law, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia Author
  • Mayta Ciara Salsabila Faculty of Law, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15294/jpcl.v9i1.7833

Keywords:

The interrelationship between arbitration and Commercial Court, Arbitration, Commercial Courts, Bankruptcy, Arbitration clauses

Abstract

There is a possibility that parties who have put an arbitration clause in their agreement may still bring bankruptcy or suspension of debt payment obligations before the Commercial Court (“Pengadilan Niaga”). In another scenario (Scenario 2), this situation can also—and often does—occur due to a third party, not bound by the arbitration clause, filing a bankruptcy petition against one of the parties. This article examines two key aspects when both forums are utilized: (1) the interrelation between these two forums in the context of the consequences of their respective decisions on each other; and (2) the conflicting principles, such as confidentiality and trust in arbitration versus public openness and distrust in Pengadilan Niaga. When one party ultimately submits a bankruptcy case to Pengadilan Niaga, the confidentiality of the dispute is compromised, and mutual trust is eroded. However, this reality is not strong enough to justify eliminating the potential overlap between arbitration and Pengadilan Niaga, given that scenarios where a third party files a bankruptcy petition can also occur. In such a scenario, the issue extends beyond the mere clash of principles. A proper framework to regulate the intersection between arbitration and Pengadilan Niaga needs to be formulated, taking into account the two scenarios that may arise.

References

Legislation

Undang-Undang tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang. Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004.

Undang-Undang tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman. Undang-Undang Nomor 48 Tahun 2009.

Undang-Undang tentang Sistem Peradilan Anak. Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012.

Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata.

Peraturan dan Prosedur Arbitrase BANI 2022.

Undang-Undang tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa. Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999.

Court Decisions

Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Surabaya Nomor 1249/Pdt.G/2022/PN.Sby.

Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 515K/Pdt.Sus.Pailit/2013.

Books

Adjie, Habib dan Sjaifurrachman. Aspek Pertanggungjawaban Notaris Dalam Pembuatan Akta. Bandung: Mandar Maju, 2011.

Agustina, Rosa. Perbuatan Melawan Hukum. Depok: Penerbit Pasca Sarjana FH Universitas Indonesia, 2003.

Emirzon, Joni. Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa di Luar Pengadilan. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2001.

Fuady, Munir. Hukum Pailit Dalam Teori dan Praktek. Ed. Rev. Bandung: Citra Aditya Bakti, 2005.

Hartini, Rahayu. Kedudukan Klausul Arbitrase Dan Kompetensi Absolut Dalam Kepailitan. Ed. 1. Malang: UMM Press, 2023.

Sjahdeini, Sutan Remy. Hukum Kepailitan. Jakarta: Pustaka Utama Grafiti, 2002.

Yuhelson. Hukum Kepailitan di Indonesia. Gorontalo: Ideas Publishing, 2019.

Journal Articles

Al-Anshori, Huzaimah, Emi Puasa Handayani, dan Naufal Ghoni Bayhaqi, “Penyelesaian Sengketa Bisnis Kaitannya Dengan Klausula Arbitrase di Pengadilan Niaga.” Jurnal Transparansi Hukum 6, no. 1 (2023): 14-15.

Alva, Jonathan Agustinus. “Kompetensi Absolut dalam Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Berdasarkan Perjanjian Penyaluran Tenaga Listrik (Studi Putusan Nomor: 681/Pdt.G/2019/Pn.Jkt.Sel).” Unes Law Review 6, no. 2 (2023): 6723-6724.

Alvionita, Ni Made Asri dan I Nyoman Bagiastra. "Kewenangan Penyelesaian Sengketa Kepailitan Yang Dalam Perjanjiannya Tercantum Klausul Arbitrase." Kertha Semaya: Journal Ilmu Hukum 2, no. 4 (2014): 6.

Bolger, P. Colin dan Glenn D. Walters. “The relationship between police procedural justice, police legitimacy, and people’s willingness to cooperate with law enforcement: A meta-analysis.” Journal of Criminal Justice (2019): 95.

Butarbutar, Elisabeth Nurhaini. “Konsep Keadilan Dalam Sistem Peradilan Perdata.” Mimbar Hukum, Vol. 21, No. 2 (2009): 363.

Corsetti, Giancarlo, Paolo Pesenti, dan Nauriel Roubini. “What Caused The Asian Currency and Financial Crisis.” Japan and the World Economy 11, (1999): 356-362.

Dessemontet, F. “Arbitration and Confidentiality.” The American Review of International Arbitration 7, no. 3 (2001): 299.

Dinovan, Didin R. “Kewenangan Pengadilan Niaga Mengadili Perkara Kepailitan Terhadap Adanya Klausula Arbitrase Dalam Perjanjian Yang Disepakati.” Supremasi Jurnal Hukum 1, no. 2 (2019): 95.

Hartini, Rahayu. “Kedudukan Klausul Arbitrase dan Kompetensi Absolut dalam Kepailitan.” Indonesia Arbitration Quarterly Newsletter 17, no. 4 (2023): 14-17.

Ishak. “Perdamaian Antara Debitor dan Kreditor Konkuren Dalam Kepailitan.” Kanun Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 18, no. 1 (2016): 144-145.

Janpieter Hutajulu, Marihot. “Kajian Yuridis Klausula Arbitrase Dalam Perkara Kepailitan.” Refleksi Hukum 3, no. 2 (2019): 185-187.

Johnson, Simon, Peter Boone, Alasdair Breach, dan Eric Friedman. “Corporate Governance in The Asian Financial Crisis.” Journal of Financial Economic 58, No. 171 (2008): 145.

Mardiani, Diana Ayu, Muhammad Eko Prasetiyo, Nyulistiowati Suryanti, Deviana Yuanitasari. "Pilihan Domisili Yurisdiksi Dalam Permohonan PKPU Berdasarkan Asas Lex Specialis Derogat Legi Generalis." Doktrin: Jurnal Dunia Ilmu Hukum dan Politik 2, no. 1 (2014): 108.

Marshall, James. “Lawyers, Truth, and Zero-Sum Game.” Notre Dame Law Review 47, no. 4 (1972): 919.

Nahata, Rajarishi. “Venture capital reputation and investment performance.” Journal of Financial Economics 90 (2008): 127.

Nola, Luthvi Febryka. “Dampak Kemudahan Pengajuan Pailit Di Masa Pandemik Covid-19.” Info Singkat: Kajian Singkat Terhadap Isu Aktual dan Strategis 12, no. 18 (2020): 2-4.

Roosdiono, Anangga W., Muhamad Dzadit Taqwa, dan Mayta Ciara Salsabila. “The Non-Applications of Good Faith, Trust, and Confidentiality in Arbitration: A Study of the Annulment Cases in Indonesia.” Indonesia Law Review 12, no. 2 (2022): 4–9.

Thomas, Kyle J. “Rationalizing Delinquency: Understanding the Person-situation Interaction through Item Response Theory.” Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 56 (2019): 5-17.

Wijayanto, Yessy Kusumadewi dan Erna Widjajati. “Upaya Hukum Bagi Kreditur Apabila Debitur Pailit Tidak Mengakui atau Menolak Tagihan Utangnya (Studi Putusan Nomor 05/Pdt.Sus-Pailit/2016/PN.Niaga.Jkt.Pst).” Jurnal Krisna Law 2.

Yuliardi, Andika Dwi dan Imam Budi Santoso. “Upaya Arbitrase Dalam Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial Didasarkan Adanya Kesepakatan Para Pihak.” Perspektif Hukum 22, no. 1 (2022): 149-151.

Zulaeha, Mulyani. “Penyelesaian Sengketa Kepailitan yang Memuat Klausul Arbitrase.” Jurnal Cita Hukum 2, no. 1, (2010): 17-18.

Thesis

Pasaribu, Bangun Victor Halomoan. “Karakter Ordinary Court Pengadilan Niaga Dalam Mengadili Sengketa Pailit Yang Berasal Dari Perjanjian Yang Berklausa Arbitrase.” Tesis Magister, Universitas Islam Riau, 2022.

Undergraduate Thesis

Wardhani, Novi Kusuma. "Tinjauan Yuridis Kewenangan Pengadilan Niaga Dalam Menyelesaikan Perkara Kepailitan dengan Adanya Akta Arbitrase (Studi Putusan Kasus PT. Environmental Network Indonesia melawan PT. Putra Putri Fortuna Windu dan PPF International Corporation." Skripsi Sarjana, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, 2009.

Seminar

Purba, Deni. “Masalah-Masalah Yang Timbul Terkait Arbitrase dan Kepailitan/PKPU.” Presentasi Pada BANI Arbitrators’ Discussion, 15 Maret 2023.

Internet

Friedland, Paul, dan Loukas Mistelis. “2010 International Arbitration Survey: Choices in International Arbitration.” ArbitrationOnline.org, 6 September, 2023. http://www.arbitrationonline.org/research/2010/ index.html.

Roosdiono, Anangga W. dan M. Dzadit Taqwa. “Paradigma dalam Arbitrase di Indonesia: Win-Lose atau Win-Win/Lose-Lose.” Hukumonline, 3 Maret 2023. https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/a/paradigma-dalam-arbitrase-di-indonesia--win-lose-atau-win-win-lose-lose-lt6401add2570ba/.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-11

Article ID

7833

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Roosdiono, A. W., Taqwa, M. D., & Salsabila, M. C. (2025). The Interconnection Between Arbitration and Commercial Courts: Scenarios, Issues, and A Proposal. Journal of Private and Commercial Law, 9(1), 110-139. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpcl.v9i1.7833